To install click the Add extension button. That's it.

The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time.

4,5
Kelly Slayton
Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea!
Alexander Grigorievskiy
I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like.
Live Statistics
English Articles
Improved in 24 Hours
Added in 24 Hours
What we do. Every page goes through several hundred of perfecting techniques; in live mode. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better.
.
Leo
Newton
Brights
Milds

2022 Carmarthenshire County Council election

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2022 Carmarthenshire County Council election

← 2017 5 May 2022 2027 →

All 75 (previously 74) seats to Carmarthenshire County Council
38 seats needed for a majority
  First party Second party Third party
 
Ind
Leader Emlyn Dole Rob James Jane Tremlett
Party Plaid Cymru Labour Independent
Leader's seat Llannon Lliedi Laugharne
Last election 36 seats 22 seats 16 seats
Seats before 37 17 13
Seats won 38 23 8
Seat change Increase1 Increase6 Decrease5

  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Ind
Con
Ind
Leader Jeff Edmunds Shahana Najmi N/A
Party New Independent Conservative Independent (Unaffiliated)
Leader's seat Bigyn Lliedi
Seats before 4 1 1
Seats won 3 0 3
Seat change Decrease1 Decrease1 Increase2

Council control before election

Plaid Cymru and Independent coalition

Council control after election

Plaid Cymru and Independent coalition

The 2022 Carmarthenshire County Council election took place on Thursday 5 May 2022[1] to elect 75 members to Carmarthenshire Council. On the same day, elections were held to the other 21 local authorities and to community councils in Wales as part of the 2022 Welsh local elections.

Plaid Cymru won a majority of seats for the first time, whilst losing their leader, Emlyn Dole. [2] Welsh Labour regained some ground in Carmarthenshire by winning seats in the Amman Valley and Llanelli constituency from Plaid Cymru. New Independent lost one seat overall and their leader, Jeff Edmunds and the Conservatives' only Councillor, Shahana Najmi, also lost her seat.

Despite winning a majority of seats, Plaid Cymru formed a coalition with eight Independent Councillors.

Background

Council elections in Wales were originally scheduled for May 2021, but were delayed to avoid a conflict with the 2021 Senedd election. The frequency of the elections was also increased from 4 years to five years to avoid future clashes, meaning (after 2022) the next council election is expected in 2027.

The number of councillors were increased by 1 after the Local Democracy and Boundary Commission for Wales recommended the change in a report in August 2019.[3] Although there was an increase from 74 to 75 seats in the council, the number of wards were decreased to 51 from 58.[4]

The Plaid Cymru group in conjunction with Independent group had been in control of the council since May 2015.[5] Labour claimed to be confident of success, though had suffered a number of resignations from the party since the last election. Many former Labour members were standing in this election as New Independents.[6]

Boundary changes

In July 2021 Welsh Government accepted a number of ward change proposals by the Local Democracy and Boundary Commission for Wales, with slight modifications on Welsh language names for some wards. These are to take effect from the 2022 council election.[7] The changes gave a better parity of representation. Thirty-four wards remained unchanged.[4] Of the other wards:[8]

  • Carmarthen Town North ward merges with Carmarthen Town South ward and is renamed "Carmarthen Town North and South", with total decrease in councillors from 4 to 3.
  • Ammanford ward merges with Pontamman ward with a 2 councillor seat, and renamed "Ammanford".
  • Tycroes community of Llanedi Ward merges with Llanedi community of Hendy Ward with 1 councillor, and renamed "Tycroes".
  • Hendy community of Hendy ward becomes a ward of its self with 1 councillor.
  • Brynea ward would have an increase from 1 to 2 councillors.
  • Dafen ward merges with Felinfoel ward with a 2 councillor seat, and renamed "Dafen and Felinfoel".
  • Bigyn ward would have an increase from 2 to 3 councillors.
  • Tyisha ward merges with a part of Elli Ward (known as 'Lakefield' - Polling district TYI-B) with 2 councillors, and named "Tyisha".
  • Elli ward loses area 'Lakefield' (Polling district TYI-B) and remains with 1 councillor.
  • Kidwelly ward merges with St. Ishmael town of St. Ishmael ward with a 2 councillor seat, and renamed "Kidwelly and St. Ishmael".
  • Llangyndeyrn ward merges with Llandyfaelog community of St. Ishmael ward with a 2 councillor seat, and renamed "Llangyndeyrn".
  • Llansteffan ward merges with St. Clears ward with a 2 councillor seat, and renamed "St. Clears with Llansteffan".
  • Trelech ward merges with Newchurch and Merthyr community of Cynwyl Elfed ward, remains with a 1 councillor seat, and named "Trelech".
  • Cynwyl Elfed ward loses Newchurch and Merthyr community, remains with a 1 councillor seat, and named "Cynwyl Elfed".
  • Cenarth ward merges with Llangeler ward with a 2 councillor seat, and renamed "Cenarth and Llangeler".
  • Cilycwm ward merges with Cynwyl Gaeo and Llanycrwys communities of Cynwyl Gaeo ward, with 1 councillor seat, and named "Cilycwm".
  • Manordeilo and Salem ward merges with Llansawel community of Cynwyl Gaeo ward, with 1 councillor seat, and named "Manordeilo and Salem".

Overview of results

Plaid Cymru won 38 out of 75 seats to gain a majority on the council for the first time, despite the defeat of their leader, Emlyn Dole.

Ward results

(* denotes sitting councillor before election).

Abergwili (1 Seat)

Abergwili 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Neil Lewis 730 71 +11
Conservative Havard Hughes 303 29 +29
Majority 427 41.3 +22
Turnout 1,033 52.2
Plaid Cymru hold Swing 5.5

Ammanford (2 Seats)

Ammanford 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Colin Evans 853 46 N/A
Plaid Cymru Deian Harris* 800 44 N/A
Labour Anthony Jones 757 41 N/A
Labour Calum Higgins 715 39 N/A
Conservative Huw Roberts 183 10 N/A
Turnout 1,836 42.8
Plaid Cymru win (new seat)
Plaid Cymru win (new seat)

Evans was formerly councillor for the Pontamman ward.

Betws (1 Seat)

Betws 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Betsan Wyn Jones* 494 69 +18
Labour Paul Allchurch 223 31 –8
Majority 271 38 +26
Turnout 717 40.3
Plaid Cymru hold Swing 14

Bigyn (3 Seats)

Michael Cranham was sitting Mayor of Llanelli and Independent town councillor.

Two Labour candidates tied for the third seat with Philip Thomas Warlow beating David Darkin to the third seat on the toss of a coin.[citation needed]

Sitting Councillors, Jeff Edmunds and Eryl Morgan, who were elected in 2017 as Labour Councillors but subsequently left Labour and formed their own political party.[citation needed]

Bigyn 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Michael David Cranham 758 50
Labour Janet Williams 621 41
Labour Philip Thomas Warlow 597 40
Labour David Darkin 596 40
Independent Jeff Edmunds* 494 33
Independent Eryl Morgan* 411 27
Plaid Cymru Kathryn Jane Driscoll 338 22
Turnout 1,507 31.3
Independent gain from Independent
Labour gain from Independent
Labour win (new seat)

Burry Port (2 Seats)

Burry Port 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour John James* 948 64
Labour Shelly Godfrey-Coles 767 52
Independent Mike Theodoulou 471 32
Plaid Cymru Emyr Evans 301 20
Turnout 1,485 43.4
Labour hold
Labour hold

Bynea (2 Seats)

Bynea 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Deryk Cundy* 596 50
Labour Michelle Donoghue 470 39
Independent Simon Ford 429 36
Independent Shelley Williams 404 34
Plaid Cymru Laura Kemp 272 23
Turnout 1,193 33.6
Labour hold
Labour win (new seat)

Carmarthen Town North and South (3 Seats)

Carmarthen Town North and South 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Peter Hughes Griffiths* 1,188 47
Plaid Cymru Gareth Howell John* 1,178 46
Plaid Cymru Alun Lenny* 1,073 42
Labour Nia Maynard 1,067 42
Labour Mike Maynard 1,063 42
Labour Amanda Aldridge 971 38
Green Bar Rowlands 256 10
Turnout 2,539 37
Plaid Cymru win (new seat)
Plaid Cymru win (new seat)
Plaid Cymru win (new seat)

Carmarthen Town West (2 Seat)

Carmarthen Town West 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Emlyn Schiavone* 968 68
Plaid Cymru Russell Sparks 733 52
Labour Edi Diong 398 28
Independent Dai Evans 285 20
Turnout 1,417 36.4
Plaid Cymru hold Swing
Plaid Cymru gain from Independent Swing

Cenarth and Llangeler (2 Seats)

Cenarth and Llangeler 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Hazel Evans* 1,449 74
Plaid Cymru Ken Howell* 1,277 65
Liberal Democrats Philip Gibbons 418 21
Turnout 1592 42.5
Plaid Cymru win (new seat)
Plaid Cymru win (new seat)

Cilycwm (1 Seat)

Cilycwm 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Thomas Arwel Joseph Davies* 706 64.59
Conservative Steven Holmes 250 22.87
Independent Jacqui Thompson 137 12.53
Turnout 1,093 50.66
Majority
Plaid Cymru gain from Independent Swing

Cwarter Bach (1 Seat)

Cwarter Bach 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru John Glynog Davies* 455 45 –11
Labour Tom Addey 437 43 +4
Independent Tony Strutt 67 7 +7
Conservative Lee Stabbins 53 5 +5
Majority 18 2 –210
Turnout 1012 45.7
Plaid Cymru hold Swing –7.5

Cynwyl Elfed (1 Seat)

Cynwyl Elfed 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Bryan Davies 712 74
Conservative Malcom Berry 253 26
Turnout 965 49.49
Majority
Plaid Cymru gain from Independent Swing

Dafen and Felinfoel (2 Seats)

Dafen and Felinfoel 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Rob Evans* 881 62
Labour Nysia Evans 643 45
Independent Tegwen Devichand 320 22
Independent Hugh Richards 289 20
Plaid Cymru Alan Cameron Williams 224 16
Conservative Norma Gregory 120 8
Gwlad Clem Thomas 73 5
Liberal Democrats Justin Mark Griffiths 51 4
Labour hold
Labour hold

Elli (1 Seat)

Elli 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent John Paul Jenkins* 333 48 +7
Labour Nick Pearce 185 27 +1
Plaid Cymru Robert William Snaith 72 10 –3
Conservative Christopher Griffiths 54 8 –12
Independent Jane Jones 49 7 +7
Turnout 693 42.03
Majority
Independent hold Swing

Garnant (1 Seat)

Garnant 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Kevin Madge* 490 70
Plaid Cymru Ffion Lewis 207 30
Turnout 697 43.29
Majority
Labour hold Swing {{{swing}}}

Glanamman (1 Seat)

Glanamman 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Emyr Rees 423 56
Plaid Cymru David Jenkins* 330 44

Glanymor (2 Seats)

Sean Rees had stood in Glanymor in 2017 as a Plaid Cymru candidate and missed out on being elected by a single vote. In 2022, standing as an independent candidate, he topped the poll with a 407 vote majority over the second-placed candidate.

That second seat was won by incumbent councillor, Louvain Roberts, who was elected as a Labour councillor in 2017 but left the Labour Party in 2019. At this election she stood as an Independent, retaining her seat. The other independent candidate, Amanda Carter, failed to be elected.

Glanymor 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Sean Lucas Rees 1,055 65
Independent Louvain Roberts* 648 40
Labour Lillith Fenris 363 22
Labour Julian Hunt 344 21
Independent Amanda Carter 270 17
Plaid Cymru Jordan Phillip Griffiths 164 10
Independent gain from Labour Swing
Independent hold Swing

Glyn (1 Seat)

Glyn 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Alex Evans 511 64
Independent Cath Saunders 196 24
Conservative Jordan Spencer Randall 69 9
Liberal Democrats Jonathan Edward Burree 28 3

Gorslas (2 Seats)

Gorslas 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Darren Price* 1,216 75
Plaid Cymru Aled Vaughan Owen* 1,157 72
Labour Darren James 456 28
Turnout 2829 40.19
Plaid Cymru hold Swing
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Hendy (1 Seat)

Hendy 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Gareth Thomas* 437 52
Labour Ian Wooldridge 336 40
Gwlad Wayne Erasmus 71 8
Majority
Turnout 844 33.95
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Hengoed (2 Seats)

Hengoed 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Edward Skinner 480 35
Labour Martyn Palfreman 435 32
Plaid Cymru Susan Phillips* 395 29
Independent Ray Duncan Jones 322 24
Plaid Cymru Martin Davies 314 23
Independent Colin Jones 198 15
Gwlad Siân Mair Caiach 150 11
Independent Lee Fox 146 11
Liberal Democrats Christopher David William Passmore 80 6

Kidwelly and St. Ishmael (2 Seats)

Kidwelly and St Ishmael 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Crish Davies 1,033 55
Labour Lewis Davies 952 51
Plaid Cymru Jeanette Gilasbey* 775 42
Plaid Cymru June James 483 26
Green Rob Davies 201 11
Labour win (new seat)
Labour win (new seat)

Gilasbey had been the councillor for the former Kidwelly ward.

Laugharne Township (1 Seat)

Laugharne Township 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Jane Tremlett* Unopposed
Independent hold

Llanboidy (1 Seat)

Llanboidy 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Dorian Phillips* 783 85
Conservative Valerie Jones 134 15
Majority
Turnout 917 52.69
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Llanddarog (1 Seat)

Llanddarog 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Ann Davies* 739 84
Liberal Democrats Sian Elizabeth Collins 138 16
Majority
Turnout 877 51.49
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Llandeilo (1 Seat)

Llandeilo 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Edward Gwynne Thomas* 827 63
Plaid Cymru Christoph Florian Fischer 493 37
Majority
Turnout 1,320 54.55
Independent hold

Llandovery (1 Seat)

Llandovery 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Handel Davies* 770 86
Conservative Samuel Barnett 122 14
Majority
Turnout 892 44.65
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Llandybie (2 Seat)

Llandybie 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Anthony (Whitey) Davies* 869 58
Plaid Cymru Dai Nicholas* 789 53
Labour Helen Bjork 622 42
Liberal Democrats Lynne Susan Wilkins 129 9

Llanegwad (1 Seat)

Llanegwad 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Mansel Charles* 751 65
Independent Meirion Jones 244 21
Conservative Mike Beech 169 15
Majority
Turnout 1,164 56.29
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Llanfihangel Aberbythych (1 Seat)

Llanfihangel Aberbythych 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Hefin Jones 426 65
Conservative Tara-Jane Louise Sutcliffe 128 20
Liberal Democrats Monica Mary French 62 9
Propel Trisha Breckman 39 6
Majority
Turnout 655 43.14
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Llanfihangel-ar-Arth (1 Seat)

Llanfihangel-ar-Arth 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Linda Evans* 950 87
Conservative Sandra Morgan 140 13
Majority
Turnout 1,090 49.18
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Llangadog (1 Seat)

Llangadog 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Andrew Davies 446 51
Independent Hywel Morgan 422 49

Llangennech (2 Seats)

Llangennech 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Gary Jones* 981 63
Labour Jacqueline Seward 686 44
Plaid Cymru Ian Morlais Williams 590 38
Plaid Cymru Iwan Griffiths 587 38

Llangunnor (1 Seat)

Llangunnor 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Elwyn Williams* 478 46
Conservative Charlie Evans 348 34
Independent Lee Williams 205 20
Majority
Turnout 1,031 48.74
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Llangyndeyrn (2 Seats)

Llangydeyrn 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Tyssul Evans* 1,064 56
Plaid Cymru Meinir James 944 50
Independent Gary David Price 690 37
Labour Shane Morrison 549 29

Llannon (2 Seats)

Llannon 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Dot Jones* 594 40
Plaid Cymru Llinos Mai Davies 568 38
Plaid Cymru Emlyn Dole* 561 37
Labour Rhys Jones 445 30
Independent Kim (Cross Hands) Thomas 409 27
Gwlad Iwan Evans 79 5
Liberal Democrats Nicholas Paul Beckett 75 5

Llanybydder (1 Seat)

Llanybydder 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Denise Owen 602 75
Labour Wynne Jones 200 25

Lliedi (2 Seats)

Rob James, leader of the Labour Group on Carmarthenshire County Council, was re-elected.

The other incumbent Councillor, Shahana Najmi, had been elected in 2017 as a Labour Councillor, was one of several Labour Councillors in Llanelli to leave the Labour Party in 2019. Initially sitting as an Independent Councillor, Najmi joined the Conservative Party in 2021[citation needed] but was not re-elected as a Conservative in Lliedi in 2022.

Independent candidate, Heather Peters, was initially selected as a Labour Party candidate in this ward but in March 2022[citation needed] announced she was standing for the New Independent Party, the Party formed out of many of those who left the Labour Party in 2019, instead.

The other Independent candidate, Sharon Burdess, also stood for the New Independent Party having failed to secure a Labour Party nomination at these elections.[citation needed]

Lliedi 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Rob James* 838 61
Labour Anthony Leyshon 652 48
Independent Sharon Burdess 374 27
Independent Heather Peters 373 27
Conservative Shahana Najmi* 226 17

Llwynhendy (2 Seats)

Llwynhendy 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Sharen Davies* 581 54
Independent Jason Peter Hart 560 52
Labour Fozia Akhtar* 477 45
Labour Gary Jones 341 32
Liberal Democrats Tim Freeman 57 5

Manordeilo and Salem (1 Seat)

Manordeilo and Salem 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Fiona Walters 640 59
Plaid Cymru Elizabeth Nakielny 444 41
Majority
Turnout 1,084 49.12
Independent hold

Pembrey (2 Seats)

Pembrey 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Hugh Shepardson* 854 62
Labour Michael Thomas 630 46
Plaid Cymru Peter Freeman 453 33

Penygroes (1 Seat)

Penygroes 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru David Thomas* 453 46
Labour Rachel Williams 260 26
Liberal Democrats Julian William Tandy 188 19
Breakthrough Party Ewan Phillip Chappell 87 9
Majority
Turnout 988 41.14
Plaid Cymru hold

Pontyberem (1 Seat)

Pontyberem 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Liam Bowen* 739 71
Labour Michael Jones 297 29
Majority
Turnout 1,036 46.48
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Saron (2 Seats)

Saron 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Karen Davies* 668 51
Labour Peter Cooper 660 51
Plaid Cymru Darran Jones 516 40
Independent Nigel Evans 225 17
Liberal Democrats Caryl Evelyn Tandy 130 10

St. Clears and Llansteffan (2 Seats)

St Clears and Llansteffan 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Carys Jones* 1,151 54
Independent Philip Hughes* 1,110 52
Independent Edmund Davies 677 32
Independent Ran Foster-Mason 565 26

Swiss Valley (1 Seat)

Swiss Valley 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Anthony Giles Morgan* 687 75 +24
Conservative Sarah Griffiths 131 14 +4
Independent Darren Harries 92 10 +10
Majority 556 62 +38
Turnout
Independent hold

Trelech (1 Seat)

Trelech 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Jean Lewis* 1,055 85
Conservative Lee Wiseman 192 15
Majority
Turnout 1,247 53.23
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Trimsaran (1 Seat)

Trimsaran 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Plaid Cymru Kim Broom* 483 65
Labour Barry Kirby 264 35
Majority
Turnout 747 38.58
Plaid Cymru hold Swing

Tycroes (1 Seat)

Tycroes 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Tina Higgins* 772 71
Plaid Cymru Geraint Rhys Jones 315 29
Majority
Turnout 1,087 49.71
Labour hold

Tyisha (2 Seat)

Tyisha 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Suzy Curry* 606 53
Plaid Cymru Terry Davies 548 48
Labour Andre McPherson* 426 38
Independent Andrew Stephens 338 30

Whitland (1 Seat)

Whitland 2022[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Sue Allen* 544 68
Independent Barry Alan Chapman 256 32
Majority
Turnout 800 42.34
Independent hold

References

  1. ^ "Local Government and Elections (Wales) Act 2021". legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 22 April 2021.
  2. ^ "Leader of Carmarthenshire Council Emlyn Dole loses his seat". Wales Online. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  3. ^ "Carmarthenshire Final Recommendations | LDBC". ldbc.gov.wales. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
  4. ^ a b "Carmarthenshire to have one more councillor following electoral boundaries review". South Wales Guardian. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
  5. ^ "New coalition takes over Carmarthenshire council". BBC News. 13 May 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
  6. ^ "Carmarthenshire Labour confident of taking council administration with aid of Independents". Wales News Online. 4 May 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  7. ^ "Written Statement: Local Authority Electoral Boundary Review - Update (8 July 2021)". GOV.WALES. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
  8. ^ "Review of the Electoral Arrangements of the County of Carmarthenshire" (PDF). Local Democracy and Boundary Commission for Wales. July 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 January 2022.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am "Local Elections 2022". Carmarthenshire County Council. 12 May 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
This page was last edited on 19 January 2024, at 02:00
Basis of this page is in Wikipedia. Text is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License. Non-text media are available under their specified licenses. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. WIKI 2 is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wikimedia Foundation.