Ulick Burke | |
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| Marquess of Clanricarde | |
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| Tenure | 1646–1657 |
| Predecessor | Richard, 4th Earl of Clanricarde |
| Successor | Richard, 6th Earl of Clanricarde |
| Born | 1604 London (?) |
| Died | July 1657 Kent, England |
| Buried | Westminster Abbey |
| Spouse(s) | Anne Compton |
| Issue | Margaret Burke |
| Father | Richard, 4th Earl of Clanricarde |
| Mother | Frances Walsingham |
Ulick MacRichard Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde, 5th Earl of Clanricarde, 2nd Earl of St Albans (English: /ˈjuːlɪk/; English: /klænˈrɪkɑːrd/; YOO-lik; klan-RIK-ard; 1604, in London – July 1657, in Kent), styled Lord Dunkellin (/dʌnˈkɛlɪn/; dun-KELL-in) until 1635, was an Anglo-Irish nobleman who was involved in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. A Catholic Royalist who had overall command of the Irish forces during the later stages of the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, he was created Marquess of Clanricarde (1646).
Birth and origins
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Ulick was the son of Richard Burke, 4th Earl of Clanricarde by his wife Frances Walsingham.[1] Ulick's father was from an Anglo-Norman family who had been long settled in the west of Ireland. Although during the early sixteenth century the family had rebelled against the Crown on several occasions, Ulick's father had been a strong supporter of Queen Elizabeth. He fought on the Queen's side during Tyrone's Rebellion, notably at the victorious Battle of Kinsale, where he was wounded. After the war, he married the widow of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, a recent commander in Ireland, who was the daughter of the English Secretary of State and spymaster Sir Francis Walsingham.
Marriage
In 1622, Ulick married Anne Compton, daughter of William Compton, 1st Earl of Northampton, and his wife, Elizabeth Spencer.[1]
Ulick and Anne had an only child, Margaret (died 1698), who married:
- 1st Charles MacCarty, Viscount Muskerry, and had a son Charles, 3rd Earl of Clancarty who died young
- 2ndly Robert Villiers, son of Robert Danvers or Villiers, who was himself the suppositious son of John Villiers, 1st Viscount Purbeck
- 3rdly the notorious rake and soldier of fortune Robert Fielding
Early career
Ulick was summoned to the House of Lords as Lord Burgh in 1628, and succeeded his father as 5th Earl of Clanricarde in 1635.[1] In 1636, he inherited Somerhill House on the death of his father.[2] He was a staunch opponent of the policies of the Lord Deputy of Ireland, Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, who had attempted to seize much of the great Burke inheritance in Connacht for the Crown; there was also personal ill-feeling between the two men since the dispute was thought by many to have hastened the death of Ulick's elderly father. He sat in the Short Parliament of 1640 and attended King Charles I on the Scottish expedition.[1] Charles, unlike Strafford, liked and trusted Lord Clanricarde.
Wars of the Three Kingdoms
Somerhill was sequestered by Parliament in 1645, following the Battle of Naseby.[2] During the Irish Confederate Wars, Lord Clanricarde supported the Royalist leader Ormonde in defending Ireland for Charles I against the Parliamentarians by uniting Catholic and Protestant nobles (he being Catholic). He did not join the Catholic Confederate Ireland, but instead helped to broker a military alliance between the Confederates and English Royalists. He commanded the forces of this alliance during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, after Lord Ormonde fled the country, and soldiers of his Connaught army helped to win a minor victory at the Battle of Tecroghan. Only a few months later, however, his army was wiped out during the Battle of Meelick Island. Clanricarde was a skilful diplomat but not a great soldier. Like Ormonde, Clanricarde was distrusted by most Catholics in Ireland (he was widely considered to be a friend of the notorious Charles Coote) and thus was thus not capable of halting the Parliamentarian conquest of the country. He was also widely regarded as a man whose actions were governed almost entirely by self-interest.
Later life
In 1652, Lord Clanricarde made peace with the victorious Oliver Cromwell. He lost his lands in the Act of Settlement 1652 but his heirs regained them after the Restoration of Charles II in the Act of Settlement 1662. On his death, the marquessate became extinct; the earldom passed to his cousin Richard.[3][4]
Arms
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Notes and references
Notes
- ^ Also see the mention of his daughter in the text.
Citations
- ^ a b c d One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Yorke, Philip Chesney (1911). "Clanricarde, Ulick de Burgh, Marquess of". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 421–422.
- ^ a b Colbran, John (1840). Colbran's New Guide for Tunbridge Wells. Cornhill, London: A H Bailey & Co. pp. 332–33. (p 332, p 333)
- ^ "Burke [de Burgh], Ulick, marquess of Clanricarde (1604–1658), landowner and politician". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/3996. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 21 December 2021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ "Burke, Ulick | Dictionary of Irish Biography". www.dib.ie. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
- ^ Burke, John; Burke, Bernard (1844). Encyclopædia of Heraldry: Or General Armory of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Comprising a Registry of All Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time, Including the Late Grants by the College of Arms. H. G. Bohn.
- ^ Burke, Bernard (1884). The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time. University of California Libraries. London : Harrison & sons.
Sources
- . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
Further reading
- Debe, Demetri D. (2009). "The Irish Career of Ulick Burke, Fifth Earl of Clanricarde and second Earl of Saint Albans 1641–1643". Irish Historical Studies. XXXVI (143): 1–18.
- Ó Siochrú, Micheál (2008). God's Executioner: Oliver Cromwell and the Conquest of Ireland. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-24121-7.
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This page was last edited on 25 March 2024, at 09:37