Timeline of Santo Domingo

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic.

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15th century

1492- First Viceroyalty in the New World is established in Santo Domingo (Viceroyalty of the Indies)
1496 - Spanish colony of Santo Domingo, first permanent settlement in the New World, is established.^[1]
1498- The city of Santo Domingo is founded by Bartholomew Columbus, brother of Christopher Columbus

16th century

1501- Calle Las Damas [es], first street in the New World, is constructed
1502- Santo Domingo becomes the home of all the future conquistadors (Hernán Cortés, Francisco Pizarro, Vasco Núñez de Balboa, Alonso de Ojeda, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, Juan Ponce de León, Rodrigo de Bastidas, Pedro de Alvarado, Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón, among others)
1502- Santo Domingo becomes the official headquarters for the exploration and conquest of the New World
1502- Monastery of San Francisco, first monastery in America, is built.
1503- Casa de Contratacion is created in Sevilla to regulate trade with the Americas
1503- Hospital San Nicolás de Bari, first hospital in the Americas, begins construction.
1505 - Fortaleza Ozama, first fortress in the Americas, is built.
1509- Reales Atarazanas, first warehouse complex in the New World, is built
1510- Church of the Convent of the Dominican Order [es], first church in the New World, is built
1511
- Roman Catholic diocese of Santo Domingo established.^[2]
- Alcázar de Colón (Columbus Alcazar), first castle or viceroyal residence in the Americas, is built
- The Royal Audiencia of Santo Domingo, first court in the New World, is established
1513- Laws of Burgos are passed concerning the treatment of the indigenous people.
1514 - Maria de Toledo, serve as regent of the colony during the absence of her spouse the governor until 1520.
1522- Jean Fleury commits the first recorded attack of piracy against Spanish ships
1538 - Universidad de Santo Tomas de Aquino, first university in the New World, is founded.^[3]
1540 - Cathedral Primate of the Americas, first cathedral in the Americas, is built.^[4]
1543 - Fort San Genaro, today La Puerta del Conde (The Count's Gate), construction begins.
1574- Francisco Tostado de la Peña, Elvira de Mendoza and Leonor de Ovando write the first sonnets in the New World^[relevant?]
1586- Francis Drake captures Santo Domingo in the Battle of Santo Domingo
1588- Cristobal de Llerena writes the first theatrical play in the New World^[relevant?]
1600- After the gold mines were exhausted most colonists had decided to become conquistadors and explorers and had left for the mines of Mexico and Peru. Others decide to settle and become hateros (herders), farmers and merchants.

17th century

1602- Colony of Santo Domingo is bypassed by immigrants from Spain and enters decline due to depopulation
1605- Devastaciones de Osorio take place in the North Coast to prevent illicit trade with colonies other than Spain
1620- The Brotherhood of the Coast is formed by pirates in the Tortuga island
1630- The fight against the buccaneers and filibusters begins (Piracy in the Caribbean)^[relevant?]
1654- Capture of Fort Rocher- The Spaniards capture the Tortuga Island from the French for the 4th and last time.
1655- English invasion of Penn and Venables is defeated by the criollos
1691- Battle of Sabana Real is won against the French
1697 - Island of Hispaniola divided into Spanish Santo Domingo and French Saint-Domingue (Haiti) per Treaty of Ryswick that settled the Nine Years' War.^[1]

18th Century

1716- Privateers corsairs from the colony of Santo Domingo take action during the Golden Age of Piracy
1724- Guadalupe and Tolosa Shipwreck in Samana
1741- Battle of Cartagena de Indias- Santo Domingo participates in the Spanish victory against the English Navy
1760- Population is bolstered by immigration from the Canary Islands resettling the northern part of the island. Population grows from 6,000 to 125,000 by 1790.
1775- Saint-Domingue becomes one of the richest colonies in the world in the 18th-century French empire^{[citation needed]}
1791- Haitian Revolution takes place in Saint-Domingue
1795 - Era de Francia begins after the Treaty of Basel where Spain ceded the eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola to France in exchange for keeping Gipuzkoa, ending the War of the Pyrenees.
1796- Massive emigration of the colonial families to Cuba, Venezuela, Puerto Rico and Mexico where they become cultural pioneers and intellectual figures^[1] Famous figures and descendants of the Treaty of Basel diaspora include Jose Maria Heredia, Severiano de Heredia, Jose-Maria de Heredia Girard, Domingo del Monte, Esteban Pichardo^[Usurped!], Francisco Javier Caro, Angulo Guridi brothers, Jacobo de Villaurrutia, Juan Vicente Moscoso, Manuel Márquez Sterling, Rafael Maria Baralt, Arístides Rojas Espaillat, Francisco Javier Foxa, Emilio Portes Gil, Antonio Melendez Bazan, Pedro Agustin Morel de Santa Cruz^[Usurped!], Antonio del Monte y Tejada, Andres Lopez Medrano^[Usurped!], Ramon Emeterio Betances, Raimundo Rendon Sarmiento^{[permanent dead link]}, Eugenio Maria de Hostos, Máximo Gómez, Antonio Maceo, among others.
1797- The University of Santo Tomas de Aquino closes which, along with the emigration of the intellectual class, causes a big "brain drain"^{[citation needed]}

19th century

1808- Battle of Palo Hincado. Criollos from the Island beat the French Napoleonic troops and make Santo Domingo a Spanish colony again.
1809 - 2nd Spanish colony or España Boba ("Foolish Spain") after La Reconquista takes place.^[1]
1821- Ephemeral Independence from Spain takes place
1822 - Unification of the island. Haitians in power. Further emigration takes place^[1]
1838- La Trinitaria is created
1844- Dominican War of Separation from Haiti starts
February: La Trinitaria take Ozama Fortress.
July: Pedro Santana in power.^[5]
City becomes capital of newly independent Dominican Republic
1845- El Dominicano, first political newspaper, begins circulation
1854- First cultural society "Los Amantes de las Letras" ("Lovers of the Letters") is created^{[citation needed]}
1854- First cultural newspapers El Progreso and El Oasis appear^{[citation needed]}
1860- First Dominican theater is established by society "Los Amantes de las Letras"^{[citation needed]}
1861 - 3rd Spanish Colony begins to prevent further Haitian occupation. Spanish in power again.^[5]
1862- First printing press company, Garcia Hermanos, is established
1863- Dominican-Spanish War (1863-1865) also known as the Dominican Restoration War begins
1865- 2nd Republic begins
1866- The University Instituto Profesional (later University of Santo Domingo) is established
1875- Sugar mills emerge and urban development takes place
1889 - Listín Diario newspaper begins publication.^[6]

20th century

1907 - Licey baseball club formed.^[7]
1914 - El Placer de los Estudios built.^[8]
1916 - United States occupation of the Dominican Republic begins.
1921 - Escogido baseball club formed.^[7]
1924 - United States occupation of the Dominican Republic ends.
1930 - September: Hurricane San Zenon.^[9]
1930- Era of Trujillo begins
1935 - Population: 71,297.^[5]
1936
- City renamed "Trujillo City".^[5]
- Colombina avenue built.^[8]
1938 - Breakwater built in harbour.^[5]
1941 - La Jaragua hotel built.^[10]
1942 - National School of Fine Arts and Teatro Olimpia (cinema)^[11] open.
1944 - National Palace built.
1948 - El Caribe newspaper in publication.^[12]
1950 - Population: 181,553.^[13]
1953 - Base Aérea Trujillo (airbase) in operation near city.
1955
- December: Fair of Peace and Fraternity of the Free World opens.^[9]
- Estadio Quisqueya (baseball stadium) opens.
1956 - National Pantheon of the Dominican Republic (mausoleum) established.
1961 - May 30: Trujillo assassinated near city.
1961- November 19: Rebellion of the Pilots. Trujillo family flees the country
1965
- April 24: Dominican Civil War
- April 28: United States occupation of the Dominican Republic begins.
1966
- July 1: United States occupation of the Dominican Republic ends.
- El Nacional newspaper begins publication.^[6]
1970 - Population: 673,470 city; 817,645 urban agglomeration.^[14]
1972 - Santo Domingo Institute of Technology founded.
1973 - Museo de las Casas Reales (museum) established.
1974
- City hosts 1974 Central American and Caribbean Games.
- Estadio Olímpico Félix Sánchez, Palacio de los Deportes Virgilio Travieso Soto, and Centro Olímpico Juan Pablo Duarte (sports venues) open.
1976 - Moscoso National Botanical Garden founded.
1979 - August: Hurricane David.^[5]
1986 - Latin American Social Sciences Institute established in city.^[15]
1992- Faro a Colon (The Columbus Lighthouse) is erected in honor of the 500th anniversary of the Discovery of the Americas
1993 - Population: 2,134,779.^[16]
1997 - Internet exchange point installed.^[17]
1998
- Autodrómo Internacional de Las Américas opens near city.
- Johnny Ventura becomes mayor.^[18]
1999 - Museo Bellapart founded.^[19]

21st century

2001 - November 12: Crash in New York of Santo Domingo-bound airplane.^[1]
2002 - Roberto Salcedo becomes mayor.
2003
- August: City hosts 2003 Pan American Games.
- Malecon towers built.
2009 - Santo Domingo Metro begins operating.
2010 - Population: 965,040; metro 2,907,100.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Dominican Republic Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 29 August 2012. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Dominican Republic". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
^ D. H. Figueredo (2007). Latino Chronology. Chronologies of the American Mosaic. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-34154-0.
^ A. Hyatt Verrill (1914), Porto Rico past and present and San Domingo of today, New York: Dodd, Mead
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Marley 2005.
^ ^a ^b "Dominican Republic". Europa World Year Book 2003. Taylor & Francis. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-227-5.
^ ^a ^b Rob Ruck (1999). The Tropic of Baseball: Baseball in the Dominican Republic. U of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-8978-2.
^ ^a ^b Uribe 2010.
^ ^a ^b Lauren H. Derby (2009). The Dictator's Seduction: Politics and the Popular Imagination in the Era of Trujillo. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-9086-2.
^ Roberto Segre (2003). Arquitectura antillana del siglo XX (in Spanish). Havana: Editorial Arte y Literature. ISBN 978-959-03-0129-2.
^ "Movie Theaters in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ "Quienes somos?" (in Spanish). Santo Domingo: Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales - República Dominicana. Retrieved May 4, 2014.
^ United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division (1997). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 262–321. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
^ "Santo Domingo Journal", New York Times, June 14, 1999
^ "Museo Bellapart" (in Spanish). Retrieved May 4, 2014.

This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Hazard, Samuel (1873). Santo Domingo: Past and Present, with a Glance at Hayti. New York: Harper & Brothers. p. 228.
Nathan Appleton (1891). "Santo Domingo City". Journal of the American Geographical Society of New York. 23. hdl:2027/uc1.$b692729.
David Marley (2005), "Dominican Republic: Santo Domingo", Historic Cities of the Americas, vol. 1, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, pp. 91–106, ISBN 1576070271
Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof (2008). A Tale of Two Cities: Santo Domingo and New York After 1950. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-12338-7.
Marcos Barinas Uribe (2010). "Setting the City in Motion: Urban Landscape and Modernity in Santo Domingo". Caribbean Modernist Architecture. Archivos de Arquitectura Antillana. UTech Jamaica and Museum of Modern Art. ISBN 978-0-87070-775-9.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Santo Domingo Province.

Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Santo Domingo, various dates
Arnoldus Montanus (1671), "Eiland Hispaniola", De Nieuwe en Onbekende Weereld [The New and Unknown World: or Description of America and the Southland] (in Dutch), Antwerp: J. Meurs (image of Urbs Domingo)