This is a list of protected natural areas of New Brunswick. For other areas see List of historic places in New Brunswick.
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Transcription
Canada and the United States share the longest, straightest, possibly boringest border in the world. But, look closer, and there's plenty of bizarreness to be found. While these sister nations get along fairly well, they both want to make it really clear whose side of the continent is whose. And they've done this by carving a 20-foot wide space along the border. All five and a half thousand miles of it. With the exception of the rare New England town that predates national borders or the odd airport that needed extending, this space is the no-touching-zone between the countries and they're super serious about keeping it clear. It matters not if the no-touching-zone runs through hundreds of miles of virtually uninhabited Alaskan / Yukon wilderness. Those border trees, will not stand. Which might make you think this must be the longest, straightest deforested place in the world, but it isn't. Deforested: yes, but straight? Not at all. Sure it looks straight and on a map, and the treaties establishing the line *say* it's straight... but in the real world the official border is 900 lines that zig-zags from the horizontal by as much as several hundred feet. How did this happen? Well, imagine you're back in North America in the 1800s -- The 49th parallel (one of those horizontal lines you see on a globe) has just been set as the national boundary and it's your job to make it real. You're handed a compass and a ball of string and told to carefully mark off the next 2/3rds of a continent. Don't mind that uncharted wilderness in the way: just keep the line straight. Yeah. Good luck. With that. The men who surveyed the land did the best they could and built over 900 monuments. They're in about as straight as you could expect a pre-GPS civilization to make, but it's not the kind of spherical / planar intersection that would bring a mathematician joy. Nonetheless these monuments define the border and the no-touching-zone plays connect-the-dots with them. Oh, and while there are about 900 markers along this section of the border, there are about 8,000 in total that define the shape of the nations. Despite this massive project Canada and the United States still have disputed territory. There is a series of islands in the Atlantic that the United States claims are part of Maine and Canada claims are part of New Brunswick. Canada, assuming the islands are hers built a lighthouse on one of them, and the United States, assuming the islands are hers pretends the lighthouse doesn't exist. It's not a huge problem as the argument is mostly over tourists who want to see puffins and fishermen who want to catch lobsters, but let's hope the disagreement gets resolved before someone finds oil under that lighthouse. Even the non-disputed territory has a few notably weird spots: such as this tick of the border upward into Canada. Zoom in and it gets stranger as the border isn't over solid land but runs through a lake to cut off a bit of Canada before diving back down to the US. This spot is home to about 100 Americans and is a perfect example of how border irregularities are born: Back in 1783 when the victorious Americans were negotiating with the British who controlled what would one day be Canada, they needed a map, and this map was the best available at the time. While the East Coast looks pretty good, the wester it goes the sparser it gets. Under negotiation was the edge of what would one day be Minnesota and Manitoba. But unfortunately, that area was hidden underneath an inset on the map, so the Americans and British were bordering blind. Seriously. They guessed that the border should start from the northwestern part of this lake and go in a horizontal line until it crossed the Mississippi... somewhere. But somewhere, turned out to be nowhere as the mighty Mississippi stops short of that line, which left the border vague until 35 years later when a second round of negotiations established the aforementioned 49th parallel. But there was still a problem as the lake mentioned earlier was both higher, and less circular than first though, putting its northwesterly point here so the existing border had to jump up to meet it and then drop straight down to the 49th, awkwardly cutting off a bit of Canada, before heading west across the remainder of the continent. Turns out you just can't draw a straight(-ish) line for hundreds of miles without causing a few more problems. One of which was luckily spotted in advance: Vancouver Island, which the 49th would have sliced through, but both sides agreed that would be dumb so the border swoops around the island. However, next door to Vancouver Island is Point Roberts which went unnoticed as so today the border blithey cuts across. It's a nice little town, home to over 1,000 Americans, but has only a primary school so its older kids have to cross international borders four times a day to go to school in their own state. In a pleasing symetry, the East cost has the exact opposite situation with a Canadian Island whose only land route is a bridge to the United States. And these two aren't the only places where each country contains a bit of the other: there are several more, easily spotted in sattelite photos by the no-touching zone. Regardless of if the land in question is just an uninhabited strip, in the middle of a lake, in the middle of nowhere, the border between these sister nations must remain clearly marked.
Provincial statute
Provincial parks are managed provincially by Department of Tourism, Heritage and Culture or the Department of Natural Resources. Under the New Brunswick Parks Act, provincial parks are protected from environmental encroachment, and mining, quarries and logging activities are prohibited, per amendments to the Act approved in June, 2014.[1] The wording of the Act, at the time it was enacted, included the following:
All provincial parks are dedicated to residents of the Province, visitors and future generations to:
(a) permanently protect ecosystems, biodiversity and the elements of natural and cultural heritage,
(b) provide opportunities for recreational and outdoor educational activities to promote a healthy lifestyle,
(c) provide opportunities to increase knowledge and appreciation of the natural and cultural heritage of the Province, and
(d) offer a tourism product that enhances the Province’s image as a quality vacation destination."[2]
Protected areas
National parks
The following are National Parks of Canada in New Brunswick.
Official Name | Closest Municipality | County | Year designated | Size km² | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fundy National Park | Alma | Albert | 1948 | 206 | |
Kouchibouguac National Park | Richibucto | Kent | 1969 | 239 |
Provincial parks
This is a list of current provincial parks in the Canadian province of New Brunswick.[3] These provincial parks are maintained by the Department of Tourism, Heritage and Culture. There have been many other provincial parks.
Protected natural areas
A Protected Natural Area (PNA) is a sanctuary set aside for its unusual or significant local characteristics. Logging is prohibited in all PNAs. Six of the more than 200 PNAs are Class I, allowing access only for scientific research and education and requiring a permit to visit; the remainder are Class II, allowing hunting, fishing, snaring, and light recreational activities like hiking and camping.[4] PNAs sometimes overlap provincial game refuges and wildlife management areas.
With the proclamation of the Protected Natural Areas Act in 2003, 30 existing conservation and ecological areas were converted to PNAs, 20 Class I and 10 Class II. In 2008 most Class I PNAs were downgraded and more than thirty new reserves were added, with two existing PNAs merged and another one split. More than 140 new PNAs were set aside in 2014 by the outgoing Alward government.
Denotes Class I PNA |
Official Name | Closest Municipality | County | designated | Size km2 | Description/Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adder Lakes | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Allardville | Bathurst | Gloucester | 2014 | ||
Andersonville | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Angle Hill Lake | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Ayers Lake Stream | York | 2014 | |||
Baillie Settlement | Charlotte | 2008 | |||
Baker Brook | Haut-Madawaska | Madawaska | 2014 | ||
Bantalor | York | 2014 | |||
Bass Brook | Gloucester | 2014 | |||
Bass River | Gloucester | 2014 | |||
Bay du Vin Island | Northumberland | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Becaguimec Stream | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Bellefond | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Belleville | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Bells Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Belone Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Berry Brook | Kedgwick | Restigouche | 2008 | ||
Big Bald Mountain | Northumberland | 2008 | |||
Big Cedar Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Big Falls | York | 2014 | |||
Big Meadows | Albert | 2014 | |||
Big Rocky Brook | Northumberland | 2008 | |||
Big Salmon River | Saint John | 2014 | |||
Black River | Kent, Northumberland |
2003 | |||
Blind Brook | Kent | 2014 | |||
Blind Gully Brook | Victoria | 2014 | |||
Blue Mountain | Victoria | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Blueberry Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Boland Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Brantville | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Brookvale | Queens | 2014 | |||
Bull Pasture Bog | Sunbury | 2008 | part of Grand Lake Meadows 2003 | ||
Burgess Settlement | Victoria | 2014 | |||
Burpee Lake | Sunbury | 2014 | |||
Butte à Morrison | Gloucester | 2014 | |||
Cains River | York | 2008 | |||
Caledonia Gorge | Riverside-Albert | Albert | 2003 | ||
Canaan Bog | Kent, Queens, Westmorland |
2003 | |||
Canoose Flowage | Charlotte | 2003 | |||
Carr Falls Brook | York | 2014 | |||
Cat Road | Albert | 2014 | |||
Caughey-Taylor | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Clark Point | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Clarke Brook | Carleton | 2008 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Connors Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Cowlily Pond Brook | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Cranberry Lake | Queens | 2003 | |||
Dead Creek | York | 2014 | |||
Demerchant Brook | Victoria | 2014 | |||
Dionne Brook | Kedgwick | Restigouche | 2008 | ||
Dipper Harbour Back Cove | Saint John | 2014 | |||
Dowdall Lake | Saint John | 2008 | |||
Downs Gulch | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Dungarvon | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Dungarvon Whooper Spring Woodlot | Miramichi River Valley | Northumberland | 2008 | ||
East Branch Portage River | Gloucester, Northumberland |
2014 | |||
East Cloverdale | Carleton, York |
2014 | |||
Eel River | York | 2008 | |||
Eight Mile Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Estey Wetlands | York | 2014 | |||
Falls Brook | Madawaska | 2014 | |||
First Eel Lake | York | 2014 | |||
Five Mile Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Foley Island | Haut-Madawaska | Madawaska | 2008 | ||
Freeze Lakes | Northumberland | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Gaspereau | Sunbury | 2014 | |||
Glazier Lake | Haut-Madawaska | Madawaska | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | |
Golden Ridge | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Goodfellow Brook | Northumberland | 2008 | |||
Goose Lake | Gloucester | 2008 | |||
Gooseberry Cove | Saint John | 2008 | |||
Gordon Meadow Brook | Gloucester | 2014 | |||
Goulette Brook | Restigouche | 2008 | |||
Gover Mountain | Tobique Valley | Northumberland | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | |
Grand Lake | Minto | Queens, Sunbury |
2008 | most of Grand Lake Meadows PNA in 2003 | |
Green Brook | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Green Island | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Green River North | Madawaska | 2014 | |||
Greer Creek | York | 2014 | |||
Grew Brook | Haut-Madawaska | Madawaska | 2014 | ||
Halls Shed Lake | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Hay Brook | York | 2014 | |||
Hells Gate Hardwoods | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
High Duck Island | Grand Manan | Charlotte | 2014 | ||
Hovey Hill | Kings | 2003 | 0.4 | ||
Howard Brook | Carleton | 2008 | |||
Indian Brook | Victoria | 2014 | |||
Jacquet River Gorge | Gloucester, Restigouche |
2003 | |||
Jardine Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Johnson's Mills | Westmorland | 2014 | |||
Kennedy Lakes | Northumberland | 2003 | |||
Lake Stream | Kent | 2014 | |||
Lakeville | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Lewis Mountain | Albert | 2014 | |||
Little Cedar Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Little Forks Brook | Sunbury | 2014 | |||
Little River | Sunbury | 2014 | |||
Little Salmon River | Saint John | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Little Southwest Miramichi River | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Little Tomoowa Lake | Charlotte | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Loch Alva | Grand Bay–Westfield | Kings, Queens, Saint John |
2003 | Originally two PNAs (Class I and II), merged in 2008 | |
Lord and Foy Brook | Gloucester | 2014 | |||
Lower North Branch Little Southwest Miramichi River | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
MacFarlane Brook | Kedgwick | Restigouche | 2008 | ||
Magaguadavic River | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Martial Brook | Madawaska | 2014 | |||
Maxwell | York | 2014 | |||
McBean Brook | York | 2014 | |||
McCarty Brook | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
McCluskey Brook | Carleton | 2014 | |||
McCoy Brook | Edmundston | Madawaska | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | |
McDougalls Brook | Balmoral | Restigouche | 2008 | ||
McLean Settlement | Kent | 2014 | |||
McManus Hill | Kings | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
McNeal Brook | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
McPhersons Point | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Meduxnekeag Valley | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Mill Brook | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Mill Stream-Mactaquac | York | 2014 | |||
Miller Brook | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Miscou Grande Plaine | Gloucester | 2008 | |||
Monunment Brook | York | 2014 | |||
Moose Valley Hill | Madawaska, Restigouche |
2014 | |||
Mount Akroyd | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Mount Denys | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Mount Elizabeth | Northumberland | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Mount Tom | Albert | 2014 | |||
Musquash Estuary | Saint John | Saint John | 2014 | replaced Musquash PNA | |
Nalaisk Mountain | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Nashwaak River | York | 2014 | |||
Nepisiguit | Northumberland | 2008 | replaced Mount Carleton Extension PNA | ||
New River | Charlotte | 2008 | |||
Nictau | Victoria | 2014 | |||
North and South Green Islands | Grand Manan | Charlotte | 2014 | ||
North Branch Burnt Church River | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
North Lake | York | 2014 | |||
North Pole Stream | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Northwest Upsalquitch River | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Oak Mountain | Carleton, York |
2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Oakland Mountain | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Otter Brook | York | 2014 | |||
Oven Rock Brook | Victoria | 2014 | |||
Ovenhead | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Partridge Valley East | Queens | 2014 | |||
Partridge Valley West | Queens | 2014 | |||
Patapedia River | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Patchell Brook | Tobique Valley | Northumberland | 2008 | ||
Phillipstown | Queens | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Picadilly Mountain | Kings | 2008 | |||
Pisiguit Brook | Gloucester | 2014 | |||
Pocologan | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Pocowogamis Stream | York | 2014 | |||
Point Wolfe River Gorge | Kings, Saint John |
2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Pokeshaw | Gloucester | 2014 | |||
Pokiok River | Victoria | 2014 | |||
Pokiok Stream | York | 2014 | |||
Pollard Brook | Kedgwick | Restigouche | 2008 | ||
Popelogan Depot | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Porcupine Mountain | Carleton, Victoria |
2014 | |||
Portage Lakes | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Quigley Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Quisibis Mountain | Madawaska | 2014 | |||
Quisibis River | Madawaska | 2014 | |||
Ragged Falls | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Red Pine Brook | Gloucester | 2014 | |||
Richibucto River | Kent | 2014 | |||
Risteen Brook | York | 2014 | |||
River de Chute | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Round Meadow Cove | Saint John | 2014 | |||
Saddleback Brook | Kings Saint John |
2014 | |||
St. Croix River Islands | Charlotte | 2003 | downgraded in 2008, upgraded in 2014 | ||
Salkeld Islands | Charlotte | 2014 | |||
Semiwagan Meadows | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Shikatehawk Stream | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Shinnickburn | Northumberland | 2008 | |||
Sills Brook | York | 2014 | |||
Skiff Lake | York | 2014 | |||
Smith Brook | Carleton | 2014 | |||
South Branch Big Sevogle River | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
South Branch Burnt Church River | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
South Kedgwick River | Kedgwick | Restigouche | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | |
Spednic Lake | York | 2003 | |||
Spud Brook | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Squaw Cap Mountain | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Stickney | Carleton | 2014 | |||
Stillwater Brook | Restigouche | 2014 | |||
Stony Brook | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Tabusintac | Northumberland | 2003 | downgraded 2008 | ||
Tabusintac River | Gloucester, Northumberland |
2014 | |||
Tamarack Brook | York | 2014 | |||
Tauadook River | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Tay River | Nashwaak | York | 2008 | ||
Trout Brook | Kent | 2014 | |||
Two Mile Brook Fen | Carleton | 2008 | |||
Upham Brook | Albert | 2014 | |||
Upper Dungarvon River | Northumberland | 2014 | |||
Upper Salmon River | Albert | 2014 | |||
Upper Thorn Point Brook | Restigouche | 2008 | |||
Upsalquitch Forks | Restigouche | 2008 | |||
Welch Brook | Carleton | 2014 | |||
West Branch Coy Brook | Kent Queens |
2014 | |||
Western Green Island | Grand Manan | Charlotte | 2014 | ||
Whitehorse Island | Charlotte | 2008 | |||
Williamstown Lake | Carleton | 2008 | |||
Wilson Brook | Albert | 2003 | 0.77 | ||
Woodman | York | 2014 |
Provincial wildlife areas
The Wildlife Refuges and Wildlife Management Areas Regulation - Fish and Wildlife Act[5] governs the province's game refuges and wildlife management areas. Hunting and trapping are prohibited in these areas.
Official name | County | Designated | Size (km2) | Description/Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fredericton Wildlife Refuge | York | |||
Kindness Club Wildlife Refuge | Carleton | |||
O'dell Wildlife Refuge | York | 1.41 | ||
University of New Brunswick Wildlife Refuge | York | 0.06 | ||
Utopia Wildlife Refuge | Charlotte | 31.08 | ||
Wilson's Point Wildlife Refuge | Northumberland | 0.54 | tip of peninsula opposite Beaubears Island | |
Acadian Village Wildlife Management Area | Gloucester | |||
Bantalor Wildlife Management Area | York | 152.81 | ||
Becaguimec Wildlife Management Area | Carleton, York | 111.37 | ||
Burpee Wildlife Management Area | Sunbury, York | 181.69 | ||
Canaan River Wildlife Management Area | Westmorland | 225.33 | ||
Mount Ararat Wildlife Management Area | Queens | 2.61 | three parcels in Arcadia area | |
Kedgwick Wildlife Management Area | Restigouche | 828.80 | ||
Kings Landing Wildlife Management Area | York | 1315.00 | surrounds Kings Landing Historical Settlement | |
Lepreau River Wildlife Management Area | Charlotte, Kings, Queens | 243.46 | ||
MacDonald Farm Wildlife Management Area | Northumberland | 0.61 | ||
Minister's Island Wildlife Management Area | Charlotte | 2.02 | ||
Mount Carleton Wildlife Management Area | Northumberland, Restigouche | 174.03 | ||
Plaster Rock-Renous Wildlife Management Area | Northumberland, Victoria, York | 841.75 | ||
Tracadie River Wildlife Management Area | Gloucester | 39.14 | ||
West Collette Wildlife Management Area | Northumberland | 0.78 |
Other
Official Name | Closest Municipality | County | Type | designated | Size km2 | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cape Jourimain National Wildlife Area | Westmorland | National Wildlife Area | 1980 | 6.21 | ||
Portage Island National Wildlife Area | Neguac | Northumberland | National Wildlife Area | 1979 | 4.51 | |
Portobello Creek National Wildlife Area | Sunbury | National Wildlife Area | 1995 | 19.90 | ||
Shepody National Wildlife Area | Riverside-Albert | Albert | National Wildlife Area | 1980 | 9.89 | |
Tintamarre National Wildlife Area | Sackville | Westmorland | National Wildlife Area | 1977 | 19.90 | |
Roosevelt Campobello International Park | Campobello Island | Charlotte | International Park | 1964 | 11 | |
Grand Manan Bird Sanctuary | Grand Manan | Charlotte | Bird Sanctuary | 1931 | 2.5 | |
Inkerman Bird Sanctuary | Gloucester | Bird Sanctuary | 1931 | 2.5 | ||
Machias Seal Island Bird Sanctuary | Grand Manan | Charlotte | Bird Sanctuary | 1944 | 0.1 |
See also
- List of provincial parks in New Brunswick
- List of Canadian provincial parks
- List of National Parks of Canada
- List of National Historic Sites of Canada in New Brunswick
References
- ^ Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society, [Provincial Parks]
- ^ [New Brunswick Parks Act] Part 3)
- ^ "Order in Council 2017-293". Executive Council Office. Government of New Brunswick. 14 November 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
- ^ "What is a Protected Natural Area?". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
- ^ "New Brunswick Regulation 94-43 under the Fish and Wildlife Act (O.C. 94-231)". Government of New Brunswick. 5 June 2006. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
External links
- Government of New Brunswick - Tourism and Parks