| Gkuthaarn | |
|---|---|
| Kuthant | |
| Native to | Australia |
| Region | Cape York Peninsula, Queensland |
| Ethnicity | Gkuthaarn |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
| Dialects | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | xut |
| Glottolog | kuth1240 |
| AIATSIS[1] | G31 |
| ELP | Kuthant |
Gkuthaarn, also rendered Kuthant, Kutanda and other variant spellings, is an extinct Paman language of the Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia. It also known as Karundi/Garandi (and variant spellings), but the Garandi language may be a separate dialect.
Norman Tindale also assigned the name Kareldi, but this is not confirmed by others.[2] Current sources refer to the Gkuthaarn people.[3][4]
Alternative names
- Tindale
- Kotanda, also spelt Kutanda, Goothanto[2]
- Karundi, also spelt Karunti, Kurandi, Ka-rantee, Karrandi, Karrandee, Gar-und-yih, thought to be derived from Karun-/Gooran, meaning scrublands people.[2]
However, according to Lauriston Sharp, Kotanda was also used for the now extinct Kalibamu, and Karandi/Garandi (AUSTLANG G32) was a different local group,[2] and AIATSIS agrees.[5]
- Other variants
Other variant spellings included in AUSTLANG are:[2]
- Karaldi
- Gudanda
- Gudhanda
- Gudhand
- Guandhar
Phonology
Consonants
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | p | t̪ | t | (ʈ) | c | k |
| Nasal | m | n̪ | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ |
| Fricative | ɣ | |||||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Flap | ɾ | ɻ~ɽ | ||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
| Lateral | l | ɭ |
[ʈ] is attested only in the sequence [ɳʈ] and in Kukatj loans.
Vowels
| Front | Front rounded | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-low | i iː | ø øː | ɨ ɨː | u uː |
| Low | a aː |
Kuthant has two diphthongs: /ia/ and /ua/.
Some words
According to W.E. Armit, inspector of Native Police, these were some words of the "Karrandee tribe":[6]
- irruag (tame dog)
- nyet (father)
- mooruk (mother)
- morbuy (white man)
References
- ^ G31 Gkuthaarn at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ a b c d e G31 Ghutkaarn at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ "Gkuthaarn Kukatj Indigenous Land & Sea Ranger". Carpentaria Land Council Aboriginal Corporation. September 2020. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
- ^ Barry, Derek (30 September 2020). "Native title win for Gkuthaarn and Kukatj people". The North West Star. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
- ^ G32 Garandi at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ Armit, W. E. (1886). "Mouth of the Norman" (PDF). In Curr, Edward Micklethwaite (ed.). The Australian race: its origin, languages, customs, place of landing in Australia and the routes by which it spread itself over the continent. Vol. 2. Melbourne: J. Ferres. pp. 306–309.
Further reading
- Marcussen, Lisa (March 2015). "Selected Bibliography of the Kuthant / Gkuthaarnlanguage and people held in the AIATSIS Library" (PDF). Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 May 2015. (Also here.)
This page was last edited on 11 May 2024, at 02:43