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Battle of Binh An

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Battle of Binh An
Part of the Vietnam War

ACAVs and tanks of Troop B, 3rd Squadron, 5th Cavalry, attack Binh An
Date27–28 June 1968
Location
Result US victory
Belligerents
 United States  North Vietnam
Commanders and leaders
Lieutenant Colonel Hugh Bartley Unknown
Units involved
3rd Squadron, 5th Cavalry Regiment
Troop D, 1st Squadron, 9th Cavalry Regiment
K14 Battalion, 812th Regiment
Casualties and losses
3 killed US body count: 233 killed
44 captured

The Battle of Binh An took place on 27–28 June 1968 in Quảng Trị province during the Vietnam War. The US 3rd Squadron, 5th Cavalry Regiment and Troop D, 1st Squadron, 9th Cavalry Regiment defeated the People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN) K14 Battalion, 812th Regiment, 324th Division.

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Transcription

The battle of Binh Ba or Operation Hammer was fought over two days in early June 1969. A combined operation, it bought together soldiers from 5 RAR, Centurion tanks from the First Amoured Regiment, APC's from the Third Cavalry Regiment, engineers, artillery support, observation aircraft, helicopter gunships and South Vietnamese troops. Early in the morning of the sixth of June, an Australian tank and and armoured recovery vehicle, had been fired on by a rocket propelled grenade from a house as they passed through the village of Binh Ba, about five kilometres north of the First Australian Task Force base at Nui Dat. D Company, 5 RAR, the task forces ready reactionary force, was sent to clear the village. By 10:30am they'd assembled just south of Binh Ba, awaiting approval from the local district Chief to enter the village. Extensive efforts were made to clear the area of civilians. Accompanied by the district Chief, Lieutenant-Colonel Colin Carne, the 5 RAR commander, flew over the village in a helicoptor broadcasting in Vietnamese a warning of an imminent attack. The Australians began entering Binh Ba at around 11:20, they immediately came under heavy fire from enemy soldiers of the First Battalion, 33rd NBA Regiment and local Viet Cong forces. Determined and courageous, the enemy soldiers kept under cover, firing from doorways and windows, then jumping into the underground bunkers the villagers had built to protect themselves against attack. The Australians quickly developed a successful tactic, when fired on, the infantry would return fire until a tank would move into position. The tank then blew a hole in the wall of the house, fired a canister round though the hole, all the while spraying the area with machine gun fire. The soldiers then cleared the house room by room, throwing grenades into the tunnels, this led to many face to face confrontations. The tanks proved invaluable, without them, the men on the ground would have suffered far greater casualties. Around 7:30pm, after eight hours of continual contact, the fighting ended. It resumed at first light the next day, further sweeps of the village were made with more enemy killed and some taken prisoner. Fighting also took place in a neaby rubber factory. By the end of the day, most of the enemy were either dead or had withdrawn. Casualties were heavy, up to 130 enemy were estimated killed and 8 were taken prisoner. Substantial amounts of enemy weapons, ammunition, supplies and documents were captured. The Australians were recorded one death, an Infantry man and eight wounded, most of whom were from the crews of the two damaged Centurions. Soon afterwards in a related operation, the enemy suffered further heavy losses, this time at the hands of 6 RAR. Binh Ba was one of the major engagments fought by the Australians in Vietnam and one of the few big battles to be fought in an urban setting, something the Australians generally tried to avoid.

Background

In June 1968 the US 3rd Squadron, 5th Cavalry Regiment was performing reconnaissance missions under operational control of the 1st Cavalry Division in Quảng Trị Province, I Corps.[1]: 145 

Battle

On 27 June, Troop C, 3/5th Cavalry, with Troop D, 1/9th Cavalry, the dismounted ground troop of the air cavalry squadron of the 1st Cavalry Division, had advanced from the northwest to within 150 meters of the village of Binh An (16°50′53″N 107°14′46″E / 16.848°N 107.246°E / 16.848; 107.246), on the South China Sea, 13km north of Quảng Trị. Suddenly, small arms fire and rocket-propelled grenades hit the US forces as several PAVN soldiers withdrew into the village. Both troops began firing to maintain pressure on the PAVN while scout sections from Troop C swung to the north and south of the village to cut off the escape routes. Hundreds of civilians fled from the village as Lieutenant Colonel Hugh Bartley ordered Troops A and B to reinforce the attacking units and start the pile-on. Shortly, thereafter a captured PAVN soldier reported that the 300-man K14 Battalion of the 812th Regiment was dug in at Binh An. Realizing that he now had a PAVN battalion with its back to the sea, Bartley ordered Troop B to positions north of Binh An. Troop C moved into the center of a horseshoe-shaped cordon along with Troop D, 1/9th Cavalry. By 10:30 the four cavalry troops were in position around Binh An. The South China Sea blocked the PAVN's escape east, and a United States Navy Swift boat was also summoned to seal the seaward escape routes.[1]: 145–6 

Bartley's requests for fire support brought tactical aircraft, aerial rocket artillery and 105mm artillery. The cruiser USS Boston and the destroyers USS O'Brien and USS Edson took station offshore. When Bartley gave the order to open fire the area inside the cordon erupted as hundreds of shells crashed in on the target. A naval observer reported the shelling to be so fierce that PAVN soldiers could be seen diving into the sea to escape. In order to strengthen the cordon and complete the pile-on, Bartley requested the airlift of two infantry companies from the 1st Cavalry Division. The two companies arrived early in the afternoon: Company C, 1/5th Cavalry, reinforced Troop B on the north side, while Company C, 2/5th Cavalry joined Troop A on the south. The supporting fire continued for the rest of the afternoon, and was lifted only long enough for a psychological operations team to fly over Binh An, urging the PAVN to surrender. There was no response and the shelling was resumed.[1]: 146 

To prevent the PAVN from escaping by night Bartley ordered Troops C and D to attack towards the sea. The cavalrymen assaulted the village but were stopped short by an impassable drainage ditch covered by PAVN fire. Troop B, with its attached infantry dispersed between the tracked vehicles then moved out on line to attack the village from the north. To allow Troop B to use all weapons to its front Troop A soldiers on the south side of the cordon climbed inside their armored vehicles. Troop B swept forward until its fire began to ricochet off the Troop A vehicles, then turned around and fought its way back to its original blocking positions. Bartley then called for resumption of supporting fire. The attack of Troop B apparently ended any possibility of a mass breakout through the cordon. Thereafter only small groups of PAVN tried to escape by sea; tank searchlights illuminated the beaches, exposing the fugitives. Along the inland sides of the cordon, troops using Night-vision devices between flares occasionally spotted PAVN moving in the dark. Small arms fire stopped them or drove them back. Artillery rounds continued to explode in the village all night.[1]: 146–7 

Morning brought an increase in the shelling, and when the fire was lifted the entire cordon tightened toward the center of Binh An. A short time later the final attack by Troop B was met by no more than scattered resistance. Stunned PAVN soldiers began to emerge from the wreckage and surrender.[1]: 147 

Aftermath

As the search of the village progressed it became apparent that the K14 Battalion had been eliminated. Over 200 bodies were found and 44 prisoners were taken. Among the dead were the battalion commander, his staff, all the company commanders and the regimental personnel officer. Three US soldiers were killed.[1]: 147 

References

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Army Center of Military History.

  1. ^ a b c d e f Starry, Donn (1978). Mounted Combat in Vietnam. Vietnam Studies (PDF). Department of the Army. ISBN 9781517592288.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
This page was last edited on 27 January 2024, at 16:58
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