Supreme Court of Judicature of Japan

Supreme Court of Judicature
Dai-shin'in

Established	1875
Location	Tokyo, Japan
Authorized by	Meiji Constitution

The Supreme Court of Judicature (大審院, Dai-shin'in) was the highest judicial body in the Empire of Japan. It existed from 1875 to 1947.

Organized by the Ministry of Justice in 1875, the Japanese Supreme Court of Judicature was modeled after Court of Cassation in France. The court was composed of 120 judges in both civil and criminal divisions. Five judges would be empaneled for any given case. The criminal division of the court was the court of first instance for crimes against the Emperor (e.g. lèse majesté) and for high crimes against public order.

The promulgation of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan (i.e. the “Meiji Constitution”), confirmed and formalized its position at the apex of the Japanese court system, consisting of the local courts, district courts and court of appeals.

It was abolished by order of the American occupation authorities in 1947, after the abolition of the Meiji Constitution.

The building of the Supreme Court of Judicature was gutted by American air raids during the bombing of Tokyo in World War II. It was repaired, and continued to be used as the Supreme Court of Japan under the post-war Constitution of Japan until 1974. The present Tokyo High Court was built on its former location.

References

Rohl, Wilhelm, Story of Law in Japan since 1868, Brill Academic Pub (2005), ISBN 9004131647

Empire of Japan

Overview

Emperors

Symbols

Policies

Government

Administration (ministries)	Imperial Household Home Ministry War Army Navy Treasury Foreign Affairs Agriculture and Commerce Commerce and Industry Munitions Colonial Affairs Greater East Asia East Asia Development Board (Kōain)
Legislative and deliberative bodies	Daijō-kan Privy Council Gozen Kaigi Imperial Diet Peers Representatives

Military

Armed Forces	Imperial General Headquarters Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors Senjinkun military code Nuclear weapons program Kamikaze War crimes Supreme War Council Conscription
Imperial Japanese Army	General Staff Air Service Railways and Shipping Imperial Guard Imperial Way Faction (Kōdōha) Japanese holdout Taiwan Army of Japan Control Faction (Tōseiha) Kenpeitai
Imperial Japanese Navy	General Staff Air Service Marines Fleet Faction Treaty Faction

History

Meiji era	Meiji Restoration Beipu uprising Boshin War Two Lords Incident Satsuma Rebellion First Sino-Japanese War Triple Intervention Boxer Rebellion Anglo–Japanese Alliance Russo-Japanese War Invasion of Taiwan (1874) Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
Taishō era	World War I Entry Siberian Intervention General Election Law Washington Naval Treaty Manchuria–Mongolia problem Taishō Democracy Taishō Roman Tapani incident Truku War Racial Equality Proposal
Shōwa era	Shōwa financial crisis Jinan incident London Naval Treaty Musha Incident Pacification of Manchukuo January 28 incident Anti-Comintern Pact Second Sino-Japanese War Soviet–Japanese border conflicts Rape of Nanking Tripartite Pact Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact Japan during World War II Pacific War Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Soviet–Japanese War Surrender (Potsdam Declaration, Hirohito surrender broadcast) Occupation

Territories

Colonies	Karafuto (naichi after 1943) Chōsen Kantō-shū Nan'yō Taiwan
Puppet states	Manchukuo Mengjiang Wang Jingwei regime Second Philippine Republic Empire of Vietnam State of Burma Azad Hind
Occupied territories	Borneo Burma Dutch East Indies French Indochina Hong Kong Malaya Philippines Singapore Thailand
Ideology	Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

See also

References