Rose in the Fist

Rose in the Fist Rosa nel Pugno

Leader	Emma Bonino, Enrico Boselli
Founded	17 November 2005
Dissolved	18 December 2007
Ideology	Social democracy Liberalism
Political position	Centre-left
National affiliation	The Union
Website
http://www.rosanelpugno.it/
Politics of Italy Political parties Elections

The Rose in the Fist (Italian: Rosa nel Pugno, RnP) was a political alliance of parties in Italy.

The RnP was composed of the Italian Democratic Socialists (SDI; a social-democratic party led by Enrico Boselli and Roberto Villetti), the Italian Radicals (RI; a liberal-libertarian party led by Marco Pannella and Emma Bonino) and some independent members gathered in the Association for the Rose in the Fist (including Lanfranco Turci, Salvatore Buglio, and Biagio De Giovanni).

RnP was part of the centre-left coalition The Union, and was one of the main supporters of gay rights, abortion and euthanasia in Italian politics.

History

The federation was constituted in September 2005, during a convention held in Fiuggi, based on the political principles of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (excluding foreign policy, where the Radicals have an Atlanticist, pro-American stance), Tony Blair and Loris Fortuna. In November, its official definition was finally announced. Its symbol was the fist and rose, the emblem of the Socialist International and many socialist and social democratic parties around the world. It had been the historical logo of the Radical Party during the 1970s and the 1980s.^[1]

The Radical component of the alliance created some friction with the more Catholic-inspired components of The Union, such as Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy and the UDEUR. The Socialist component was made up mostly of veterans of the Italian Socialist Party. There was also the so-called "third component", composed mainly by former Democrats of the Left, such as Lanfranco Turci, Salvatore Buglio and Biagio De Giovanni, gathered in the Association for the Rose in the Fist.

In the Prodi II Cabinet the RnP was represented by Radical Emma Bonino, who served as Minister of European Affairs and International Trade.^[2]

The alliance was disbanded in December 2007, upon which the SDI merged with the Association for the Rose in the Fist and other minor movements to form the current-day Italian Socialist Party.

Composition

It was composed of the following political parties:

Party		Ideology	Leader
	Italian Radicals (RI)	Social liberalism	Emma Bonino
	Italian Democratic Socialists (SDI)	Social democracy	Enrico Boselli

Popular support

The federation presented its own lists for the 2006 general election, obtaining 2.6% of votes, and winning 18 seats^[3] (9 for SDI, 7 for the Radicals, one for Lanfranco Turci and one for Salvatore Buglio) in the Chamber of Deputies and no seats in the Senate.

This was not an encouraging result, indeed a bad one, considering that the Radicals alone scored 2.3% both at the 2001 general election and at the 2004 European Parliament election, while the Socialists had an electoral force of 2–3% in regional and local elections.

In particular, it seems that the Radicals lost votes to Forza Italia in their Northern strongholds (as Piedmont, Lombardy, Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia), while the Socialists did the same in favour of The Olive Tree coalition in their Southern strongholds (as Abruzzo, Campania, Apulia, Basilicata and Calabria). The table below shows how the two parties were not able to secure the favour of their usual voters, so that the Rose in the Fist scored less than Radicals alone in the North and the Socialists alone in the South.

	Rad 2004	SDI 2005	Rad-SDI 2006
Piedmont	3.1	2.4	2.7
Lombardy	2.7	w. OliveTree	2.6
Veneto	2.8	w. OliveTree	2.3
Friuli VG	3.2	no election	2.7
Abruzzo	2.2	5.2	2.9
Campania	1.2	5.3	2.8
Apulia	1.7	4.0	3.1
Basilicata	1.5	w. OliveTree	3.8
Calabria	0.9	6.8	4.3

Electoral results

Italian Parliament

Election year	# of overall votes	% of overall vote	# of overall seats won	+/–	Leader
Chamber of Deputies
2006	990,694 (#7)	2.6	18 / 630	–	Emma Bonino

Election year	# of overall votes	% of overall vote	# of overall seats won	+/–	Leader
Senate of the Republic
2006	851,604 (#9)	2.5	0 / 315	–	Emma Bonino

External links

Official website

References

^ Maestri, Gabriele (2006). "Senza rosa e senza pugno? Considerazioni giuridico-simboliche sulla presenza elettorale dei Radicali in Italia" (PDF). Nomos – le attualità del diritto (in Italian). 2016–1. Rome. ISSN 2279-7238. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
^ La Civiltà Cattolica. La Civiltà Cattolica. 2006. p. 493. UOM:39015066095640.
^ James C. Docherty; Peter Lamb (2006). Historical Dictionary of Socialism. Scarecrow Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-8108-6477-1.

v t e Historical political parties in Italy
Communist	Proletarian Unity Party (1972–1984) Italian Communist Party (1921–1991) Proletarian Democracy (1978–1991) Party of Italian Communists (1998–2014)
Democratic socialist	Italian Revolutionary Socialist Party (1881–1893) Italian Workers' Party (1882–1892) Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (1964–1972) Democratic Party of the Left (1991–1998) Democratic Left (2007–2010) Left Ecology Freedom (2010-2016)
Social-democratic	Italian Reformist Socialist Party (1912–1926) Unitary Socialist Party (1922–1930) Action Party (1929–1947) Unitary Socialist Party (1949–1951) Unified Socialist Party (1966–1969) Italian Socialist Party (1892–1994) Italian Democratic Socialist Party (1947–1998) Democrats of the Left (1998–2007) Italian Democratic Socialists (1998–2007) Article One (2017–2023)
Green	Rainbow Greens (1989–1990) Federation of Green Lists (1986–1990) Federation of the Greens (1990–2021)
Radical and social-liberal	Action Party (1853–1867) Italian Radical Party (1904–1922) Democratic Party (1913–1919) Constitutional Democratic Party (1913–1919) Italian Democratic Liberal Party (1919–1926) Social Democracy (1922–1926) Labour Democratic Party (1943–1948) Republican Democratic Concentration (1946) Radical Party (1955–1989) Democratic Alliance (1993–1997) The Network (1991–1999)
Centrist and liberal	Liberal Union (1913–1922) Democratic Union for the Republic (1998–1999) Union for the Republic Italian Renewal (1996–2002) The Democrats (1999–2002) Segni Pact (1993–2003) Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (2002–2007) Civic Choice (2013–2019) Liberal Popular Alliance (2015–2018)
Regionalist and federalist	Movement for the Independence of Sicily (1943–1951) Federalists and Liberal Democrats (1994–1996) Federalist Italian League (1995–1996) Great South (2011–2013)
Christian-democratic	Italian Catholic Electoral Union (1906–1919) Conservative Catholics (1913–1919) Italian People's Party (1919–1926) Christian Democracy (1943–1994) Italian People's Party (1994–2002) Christian Democrats for the Republic (1998) Christian Democratic Centre (1994–2002) United Christian Democrats (1995–2002) European Democracy (2001–2002) Christian Democracy for Autonomies (2005–2009) Union of Democrats for Europe (1999–2013)
Liberal-conservative	Economic Party (1919–1924) National Democratic Alliance (1953–1954) Italian Liberal Party (1922–1994) Forza Italia (1994–2009) The People of Freedom (2009–2013) Future and Freedom (2010–2014) New Centre-Right (2013–2017) Conservatives and Reformists (2015–2017) Direction Italy (2017–2019) Cambiamo! (2019–2022)
National-conservative	Common Man's Front (1946–1949) Monarchist National Party (1946–1959) People's Monarchist Party (1954–1959) Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity (1959–1972) National Democracy (1977–1979) National Alliance (1995–2009)
Nationalist	Italian Nationalist Association (1910–1923) Combatants' Party (1919–1923) National Fascist Party (1921–1943) Republican Fascist Party (1943–1945) Italian Social Movement (1946–1995)
List of political parties in Italy 19th-century Italian political groups Early 20th-century Italian political parties 1950s–1990s Italian political parties Current Italian political parties

This page was last edited on 15 April 2024, at 12:49

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