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List of disqualifications for the Jewish priesthood

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Under the Law of Moses in Ancient Israel certain imperfections and other criteria could disqualify the priest from serving in the tabernacle or, later, the Temple in Jerusalem.

Many of these disqualifications are applied to the continuing role of the kohen in the Mishnah, Talmud and later rabbinical literature, as well as in some schools of modern Judaism.[citation needed]

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Transcription

>>Pope Francis has quickly established himself among the masses as a very popular religious leader. But at the same time, he has generated strong resistance from key Catholic leaders. Much of the controversy he has caused is due to his tendency to make off-the-wall comments that produce widespread confusion. Who is this Pope? Where did he come from? And what is he up to? Stay tuned for an interview with an expert on Catholicism. >>[music] >>Lamb and Lion Ministries presents Christ in Prophecy, a program that focuses on the fundamentals of Bible prophecy, showing how current events in the news relate to Biblical predictions of end time events and the soon return of Jesus. Now, here's your host, Dr. David Reagan. >>Greetings in the name of Jesus, our Blessed Hope, and welcome to Christ in Prophecy. I have as my special guest on this program a good friend and ministry colleague, Mike Gendron. Mike is the founder and director of a ministry in Dallas, Texas area called, "Proclaiming the Gospel." Welcome to Christ in Prophecy, Mike. >>Well it is good to be here with you Dave. >>Well it is always good to be with you. I enjoy ministering with you all over the nation at various conferences over the years. And I would like for you to tell our folks about your background, and why are you considered to be an expert on Catholicism? >>Well I always love to share a testimony of God's amazing grace because I grew up a very devout Catholic. I was a Catholic for 37 years and taught High School Catholic Christian doctrine. I was an altar boy for seven years. Later on I was responsible for bringing the very first Little Rock Scripture Study to a Catholic Church in the Dallas area. And so during this time the Lord was revealing Himself to me. But there was a conference I went to in 1981 that convinced me that the Bible was the supreme authority in all matters of faith. So, at the age of 34 I began reading the Bible for the first time. >>Was that a Catholic conference that you went to? >>No, it was an Evangelical conference. I didn't even know who was giving the conference I had never heard of him. But it was in the "Dallas Morning News" and I thought, the title of the conference was "Evidence for the Christian Faith." And as a Catholic I had no evidence I was just told to believe whatever the priest told me. And so here was a man that was going to give evidence for the Christian faith. And so I attended this three day conference and I went home opening the Bible for the first time at age 34. And as I read the Bible I recognized very quickly that what I'd been taught as a Catholic was diametrically opposed to what the Bible was teaching me in regards to salvation. I read that we were saved by grace apart from merit, by faith apart from works. I read that Jesus was my all sufficient Savior, I needed to repent of all the things that I was doing to help Him save me. And wow, I mean it just--through this process of reading the Bible and the Spirit of God illuminating the Scriptures to me I came to saving faith in the Lord Jesus. >>You know Mike over the years as I have encountered Catholics my approach to them has always been start reading your Bible. >>Amen. >>And I find that they haven't done that. And when they start reading the Bible they start saying, "Hey, well the Bible says that, the church says this. The Bible says that, the church says this." And they begin to have their eyes opened. >>It really is an eye-opener because ultimately there is nothing more important in this life then figuring out who should I trust for my eternal destiny. And the Bible told me it was Christ alone, that He is able to save me completely and forever. >>And when you say you were a devout Catholic you really were. >>I really was. >>You even went to Italy didn't you? >>I did. I actually concelebrated with Padre Pio who has the wounds of Christ. He is of course dead now. But during the time I was a young altar boy and he had the wounds of Christ in his hands. And I thought, "Wow, this is a validation that the Catholic Church is the one true Church." But then later on when the Lord saved me I began reading his autobiography and found out that he was thanking--he was sitting at his window as souls from purgatory were on their way to Heaven thanking Padre Pio for suffering on their behalf. >>Oh my. >>And I thought this is not the Gospel. >>Well tell us a little bit about your secular background. While you are going to Mass every day and doing all this what are doing in the secular world? >>Well I was very successful in the corporate world. In fact by the age of 31 I really accomplished everything anyone could ever achieve as far as the world's riches and the mansion in a prestigious neighborhood, the 380 SL sports car convertible, the gold Rolex. I mean I'd done everything. >>You were into the whole thing, huh? >>Yet there was something missing. And I didn't know that it had anything to do with my spirituality because I was a devout Catholic. >>Yeah so you were a business executive right? >>I was. >>In a Fortune 500 Company? >>Right. >>And that must have been quite a decision to leave that world and commit your life to Christ in ministry. Did that shake up your wife? What happened? I mean? >>Yes, I mean it really did she did not marry a seminary student or a missionary. So, it was definitely something that we that we had to deal with. But, she has just become the greatest helpmate now in this ministry. She is also a former Catholic. And so, you know when I sat down and realized that the only two things in this life that are eternal are the Word of God and the souls of men. And I wanted to start investing the rest of my life in the things that mattered; the things that would last for all of eternity. So, in my case it was very easy I wanted to go to seminary and de-indoctrinalize myself from all the error that I had been taught as a Catholic and fill it with truth. >>And so where did you go to Seminary? >>I went to Dallas Theological Seminary. >>That's a good one. >>It is. And during that last semester I was introduced to a video of former priests and nuns that were sharing how to be saved. And as I watched that video I felt compelled to share it with every Roman Catholic I knew. And so my wife and I invited Roman Catholics over to our home. And within three months we saw 17 Roman Catholics exchange their religion for a relationship with our Lord Jesus Christ. >>And then in what year did you decide to form the ministry that you have now? >>Well I never did set out to form a ministry. In 1991 is when we began inviting Catholics over. And what do you do with 17 new babes in Christ? Well you invite them back over on Wednesday night to help them grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord. So, that was the genesis of the ministry the Lord began. And we just stand in awe because He has taken us throughout the world primarily in countries that are dominated by Roman Catholicism. And it is our joy to equip and encourage the Saints to reach out to this huge mission field. >>And how many years have you been at this now? >>Twenty-four years now. >>Well congratulations. >>Well it is all the grace of God. We just stand in awe of Him. >>[music] >>Welcome back to Christ in Prophecy and my interview with Mike Gendron. Mike, I would like to talk specifically with you now about Pope Francis. As I said in the introduction to this particular program Pope Francis has quickly established himself as a very popular figure among the Catholic masses. And I think that there are several reasons for that: one is his dismissal of the majestic trappings of the papacy, at least some of them. And another I think was his condemnation of corruption in the Catholic Curia. Another would be his promotion of Socialism. And another would be his questioning of some of the Church's most questionable or at least most unpopular doctrines. Now on the negative side he appears to be a loose cannon. And thus, every time he speaks out on an issue the Vatican calls a press conference very quickly and says, "He didn't mean what he said." And they begin to explain away what he said. What in the world is this man up to? Where did he come from? What is his background? Can you give us any kind of insights about him? >>Well yes, Dave, he is a very fascinating man. He came out of Argentina. He is a Jesuit and many people have studied the Jesuits. >>First one ever as Pope. >>First one, yes. And a lot of people don't know the background of the Jesuits. But at the Reformation in the 16th Century the Council of Trent was the Counter Reformation. And they recognized that a lot of Catholics were leaving after studying the Bible. The truth was setting them free. And so the Catholic Church established a Counter Reformation; part of it was Ignatius Loyola who founded the Jesuits. And so, the purpose of the Jesuits at that time was to do anything to thwart the Protestant Reformation. And so if you look at Church history they took some pretty drastic measures including part of the Inquisition. >>So they became the defenders of the Church. >>They really did. And so they tried to thwart the exodus of Roman Catholics that were leaving because they found the truth in the Bible. And so as a result of that the Jesuits their agenda is to unite the whole world under the power and the influence of the papacy. And so you see this new Jesuit Pope the first one ever he is accelerating the ecumenical movement like never before. You know it started in 1965 with Vatican Council II. But Pope Francis made a statement just recently that I want to read to you. He said, "There are many people who share our faith in Christ but belong to other faith confessions or traditions. Throughout history this has been a cause of conflict and suffering. But now it is possible to work toward reconciliation and full communion." The Pope said, "We ought to accentuate that which unites us, Jesus, and the richness of His love." >>So, ecumenism is one of his major items on his agenda. >>It's the major thrust. And his goal is to unite not only all separated brethren which would be you and I, but also all the religions of the world he is building bridges. But we need to make sure that people understand we are not united in the love of Christ, we are united in faith in the Gospel of Jesus Christ. >>Yes. >>There can be no unity outside of the Gospel. >>And yet there seem to be many evangelicals even who think that there can be. >>Well there are. In fact if you look at the recent months the Pope is looking for soft spots in the Evangelical world. In order to build bridges and to the Evangelical Church. And so this pope has accelerated the ecumenical movement. But we need to recognize that he is teaching a false and fatal Gospel. >>Yes. >>He is not interested in doctrine, he is interested in people who love Jesus. But a lot of evangelicals don't know that Catholics worship and trust a different Jesus; different from the one that is revealed in the Bible. >>What do mean by that when you say a different Jesus? >>Well the Roman Catholic Jesus is called down from Heaven every day to be offered again as a sin offering by the priest on an altar, it is to appease the wrath of God. Divine justice is served every day on a Catholic altar. This is not the Jesus of Scripture. He entered Heaven having obtained eternal redemption. He died once for all sin for all time, there are no more offerings for sin. And so we need to point this out to Roman Catholics and point them to the Christ of the Bible. He is sufficient to save them completely and forever. >>It seems that many in the evangelical world have actually overlooked the differences that brought about the split in the first place as if there were of no consequence. And that all these people who died being burned at the stake or whatever that it was just a ridiculous loss of life because there wasn't that much difference in the first place. But that's not true at all is it? >>Dave, it is really heart breaking to see evangelicals forget what the Reformers died for. >>Yes. >>They were brutally tortured and burned at the stake because they stood on the sound rock of the Bible; that was their authority for faith. They would not bow their knee to the pope. And now we see evangelicals going to Pope Francis and they are forgetting what the Reformation was all about: that we are saved by grace alone, through faith alone, in Christ alone, according to Scripture alone, all for the glory of God alone. But this Pope is teaching a gospel of works. A gospel that encourages people to receive sacraments in order to obtain eternal life. Catholics do not have the assurance of eternal life because their work of redemption is carried out every day on a Catholic altar. >>Right. Well what I would like to do now is to read you some quotes from Pope Francis and have you respond to them. And we'll do that in just a moment. >>[music] >>Welcome back to my discussion with Mike Gendron about Pope Francis. Mike I mentioned earlier that Pope Francis has demonstrated an incredible capacity for off-the-wall quotes which just drives the Vatican crazy. And they are always calling press conferences to clear up the mess after he has made these statements. Here is an example, in May of 2014 he said, "That if Martians were to land on earth tomorrow he would be happy to baptize them." The Vatican hurriedly called a press conference and explained that the Pope was simply trying to say that the Catholic Church is committed to inclusion of all peoples. >>We'll you're right this Pope really does say somethings that are out of left field. In fact often times what he says goes against historic Roman Catholic theology as well as the Bible. It has been noted that this pope has really been good for our ministry because every time he says something bizarre radio stations call me up and ask me, "What did the Pope really mean by that?" But it is really interesting Dave because Catholics look at this man as infallible; which means he cannot error in matters of faith and morals. And as you said the Vatican is constantly having to correct what he said. You mentioned about the Martians he is a very inclusive pope. It goes back to the agenda that all people are in the mercy of God. That was another one of his quotes which again goes against the book of Hebrews that says, "God gives mercy to those He wills and hardens those He will." And so this pope is unbiblical and he is un-Roman Catholic. And it is really fascinating to see. >>One of the interesting things to me, I don't have it here in front of me, but I have a whole list of quotes from key Catholic leaders in which they have--bishops we're talking about have strongly criticized this pope for some of the things he said. >>It is really interesting but I hope that Roman Catholics will begin to realize that they cannot trust their bishops, or their pope, but they can find assurance in knowing that the Word of God is the supreme authority. >>Yes. >>And we look through every man's teaching through the lens of Scripture. Your teaching and mine, the pope's. And so I would-- >>We all need to be Bereans. >>Well we do. Acts 17:11, "Test every man's teaching." >>Right. And who were they testing? Paul. >>That's right. >>If they are going to test Paul they should test me, you, the pope and everybody else. >>But another one of his crazy statements he said that, "Atheists can follow their conscious into Heaven." >>Yeah Atheists who do good are redeemed, not just Catholics that is his exact words. >>Again there is his inclusive gospel again. This goes against historical Roman Catholic theology. The Bible calls Atheist fools. Why? Because they suppress the truth of God and unrighteousness. God has revealed Himself, so these are fools. But the pope says, "They'll go to Heaven." >>If Atheist can be saved by simply doing good, why should we even bother to preach the Gospel? >>Well that is a good point. But you see Roman Catholicism is no different from any other religion of works righteousness. Biblical Christianity says Christ did it all, you are saved by grace through faith. But every other religion says you must do things to appease God including the Pope's Roman Catholicism. >>Here is another recent quote. "The Big Bang Theory does not contradict the role of God as divine Creator." >>That is amazing that he would make a statement like that. At least he got half of it right. Right? >>Right. >>But you look at the Genesis account God the creator spoke everything into existence in six days. That directly is opposed to a Big Bang Theory. >>Well he's pretty well indicated that he believes fully in evolution. Several of his statements have indicated this. >>Yes. >>He says, "If someone is gay and is searching for the Lord and has good will then who am I to judge him?" >>Well here again the pope declares himself to be God's representative on earth. Why doesn't he say that God has already judged homosexuality not only as a sin, but according to Leviticus 18 it is an abomination to God. And so the only hope for a homosexual whose in this kind of a sin is to repent and believe the Gospel, therein he will find the power to overcome the homosexuality. >>Right. >>But this pope unless he identifies them as sinners, then they will continually believe the pope that this sin is not so serious enough to disqualify them for Heaven. >>Yes, when Paul talks about homosexuality for example in the Corinthian letters one of the things that I think is very encouraging is that he points out that some of those in the Corinthian Church had been homosexuals. But they had been washed by the blood of the Lord Jesus Christ through their faith in Jesus, and they weren't continuing to practice homosexuality. >>That is 1 Corinthians 6:9. >>That's right. >>He says, "This is what some of you were but now you've been sanctified, you've been justified, you've been cleansed with the precious blood of Jesus." >>That's right, yeah. What about this one? This is to me the most off-the-wall statement I have ever read by him, "God is not a divine being or a magician." >>Well again-- >>He's not a divine being? Come on, Mike. >>I mean really, where is the outrage? Why aren't Roman Catholics saying, "Ok, this is enough he's gone too far?" >>Come on. >>But yeah, clearly God is a divine being. That is our only hope that God is a supreme divine being who not only created us but sent us His Savior to save us from our sins. And the only mediator between God and man is the man Christ Jesus. And so it is outrageous what he is saying. But yet, they because of his humility, a false humility I might say because he wears the titles of God. >>Yes. >>He wears the title Holy Father, Head of the Church. He never died for the Church but he stole that title from Christ. He says he is the Vicar of Christ. He also is loved by the world because of his ministry to the poor. Why doesn't he sell the riches of the Vatican and give to the poor if he is really concerned about the poor? >>Yes. >>And so there is a facade here that I think he is deceiving the world. >>One thing that encouraged me about this pope was the fact that he took on the curia, which is the central government of the Vatican. And the previous pope, all the rumors that I ever heard indicate that's one of the reasons he resigned was because of the incredible corruption and immorality that exists there and he just felt overwhelmed by, uncapable of dealing with it and resigned. Now this pope called them together and read them the riot act about their immorality, about their corruption. And I wrote you about that and I said, "Wow, this is really something to have a pope do this." And you wrote me back a very insightful comment. So tell me what your reaction to this was. >>Well it is true that he has not only exposed but also fired certain cardinals and bishops that have been part of the corruption within the Vatican. And so this is a good thing that he has done. He is cleaning house. His predecessor Pope Benedict was a doctrinal guru he wasn't pastoral. Pope Francis is pastoral and so he is trying to clean house. >>Right. >>And so he has done a good job of that. He is pro-life. But bottom line Dave he is preaching a false and fatal gospel that sends people to Hell rather than to Heaven. And so as the Bible tells us the religious leader in the Lord's day they were shutting the gates of Heaven to those who wanted to enter. And this pope needs to know the true Gospel because he is responsible for 1.2 billion souls that need to know the truth. >>And one of the things you said in your response to me that day that really got me was you said, "Well the bottom line is that the members of the Vatican Curia not only need to repent, they need to get saved." >>They do. >>"They need to get born again because it is only through the power of the Holy Spirit that they are going to be able to clean up the mess." >>That's right and only God knows their hearts. But when people proclaim that they believe a false gospel we test what they say with the Word of God. And clearly they are unregenerate and they need to know the Savior. >>Well when you--I know you do a lot of evangelism among Catholics. In fact I remember one time where a particular group ran a full-page ad in papers all over the nations. What was that group? Do you remember? >>Yes, it was the Mary Queen of Peace Center. >>Yes, and you actually called the head of that organization, didn't you actually go to New York and talk with that person? >>Actually she came to me. >>Alright, tell us about that story. >>Well, yeah, I called because they were giving daily messages from Mary, the apparitions of Mary appearing all over the world. And so I called and the director came to visit me with the goal of getting me to recognize Mary as a sinless mediator. >>Is that right? >>And to-- >>She didn't realize she was walking into the lion's den? >>She did not. >>So what happened? >>She came with a stack of books and that was her goal. And so we sat down and we began sharing that video that we shared with many people who had left the Catholic Church. And about five minutes into it I realized I hadn't even prayed yet. And so I paused for a moment and I said, "Can I ask the Lord to guide us in truth?" And so within a few minutes after the prayer she recognized that she was the one that was being deceived. You know what she did? She went back and she gave me the list of everybody whose name had been on the Mary Queen of Peace Center mailing list. We sent out her testimony to everybody that had been following Mary rather than Christ. And it really was a work of God. >>So through the power of the Holy Spirit you were able to convert the very leader of this organization? >>Well the Lord converted her. I was just the messenger. >>Well when you talk to just the average Catholic what is the most important thing you focus on? >>Well definitely the authority of Scripture. That must be the leading principle when you witness because Catholics have three authorities: they have the Word of God, their sacred tradition and then the teaching authority of the Church, infallible teaching authority. We need to eliminate the two and have them focus on Scripture alone. Second most important principle you've got to present Christ and all of His sufficiency; He did everything necessary to save sinners completely and forever. >>Well that is a wonderful approach and I just praise God for the anointing He's giving you to talk to people, because I know you can do it. >>Amen. >>[music] >>Welcome back to our interview of Mike Gendron. Mike you have written a book called, "Preparing for Eternity: Should we trust God's Word or Religious Traditions?" Why did you write this book and what's it all about. >>Well I wrote it because of my great compassion for Roman Catholics who are where I was for most of my life, believing I belonged to the one true Church, and believing I was on my way to Heaven. But yet I found out after reading the Bible I was destined for Hell. And so it is my desire to see Roman Catholics come to know the true Savior and believe the true Gospel. And so this book forces Roman Catholics to make a decision: Am I going to trust Christ and His Word which is the supreme authority for knowing truth? Or am I going to trust religious traditions? And so what I do in this book is I compare Roman Catholic tradition right out of the catechism of the Catholic Church with Scripture from their Bible. They can see that they cannot believe both, they are forced to make a decision: Christ and His Word or the teachings and traditions of my church. >>One thing I've noticed in my study of world religions that all false religions, all without exception teach work salvation. >>They do. >>You can earn it on your own. It doesn't matter whether it is Hinduism, or Islam, or Mormonism, or whatever, it is you can earn your own salvation. >>You're so right without exception every religion teaches that. So when I am witnessing to a Catholic this is what I share with them. You have got to come to the cross of Christ with nothing but your sins. You have to leave everything else behind, everything else you've been trusting in: your own works, your meriting grace, your sacraments, purgatory, indulgences, good works. Leave it all behind, come to Christ with nothing but your sin. He promises to give you His righteousness when you trust Him alone. >>And one thing I've noticed about Catholics that I've worked with and who have then come to the Lord is that they often find it very difficult to leave the Catholic Church. And what they want to do is they want to go back and share what they have discovered with their priest, with their people. And then after about two or three years they decided, "You know if I'm ever going to grow in the Lord I've got to get some place else." >>Well that is the mark of true conversion when you want to share the truth with those who are still lost. >>Oh, yes, absolutely. >>Because you get so excited. >>You do. >>I often said the two most excited people on planet earth is a Messianic Jew who has found his Messiah, and a Catholic who has discovered grace. >>That's right. >>Tell people how they can get in touch with you and your ministry. >>Well our ministries' website is proclaimingthegospel.org. And you can go there and find a wealth of information, 24 years of research into the Roman Catholic religion always looking through the lens of Scripture. We've written six different tracts that can reach Roman Catholics. We also have DVD's that they can view, you can share with them. But our primary resource is the book, "Preparing for Eternity." You can call us at 972-495-0485. >>Thank you Mike, I appreciate you being on the program. >>Folks that is our program for this week. I hope it's been a blessing to you, and I hope you'll be back with us next week. Until then this is Dave Reagan speaking for Lamb & Lion Ministries, saying, "Look up, be watchful, for our redemption is drawing near." >>[music] Mike Gendron's book, "Preparing for Eternity" provides a detailed comparison between the Gospel of Jesus Christ and the doctrines of the Catholic Church. Written by a person who was a devout Catholic for 34 years and who is an expert on both Catholicism and Christian doctrine. This book will clearly demonstrate to you the difference in the biblical concept of salvation by grace through faith, and the Catholic concept of salvation by sacraments and good works. The book is 240 pages in length, it contains a fascinating 66 page section of answers to questions asked by Catholics. The book can be yours for a donation of $20 including the cost of shipping. To place your order call the number you see on your screen, or order thru our website at lamblion.com. If you call please do so between 8 AM and 5 PM Central Time, Monday thru Friday. Lamb and Lion Ministries is a faith ministry and as such we depend upon your donations to pay for this television outreach. Please consider partnering with us in our mission of proclaiming the soon return of Jesus to as many people as possible, as quickly as possible. >>[music] Thank you for joining us on today's Christ in Prophecy, a presentation of Lamb and Lion Ministries, a non-denominational ministry dedicated to teaching the fundamentals of biblical prophecy and proclaiming the

Hebrew Bible

Physical disqualifications

These blemishes include:

  1. blindness
  2. lameness
  3. an excessively low nasal bridge (such that a straight brush could apply ointment to both eyes simultaneously)
  4. disproportionate limbs
  5. a crippled foot or hand
  6. cataracts
  7. a white streak that transverses the junction between sclera and iris
  8. certain types of boils
  9. crushed testicles[1]

A Kohen who was afflicted with one of these imperfections would be deemed unfit for service. However, should it be a correctable imperfection, he would become re-eligible for service once the defect is corrected. Although unable to serve, he was permitted to eat of the Terumah (holy food).[1] Kohanim with these blemishes would be allowed to perform work in the Temple outside of sacrificial service itself.

Defilement by uncleanliness

Since the priests served a unique role of service amongst the nation of Israel, e.g. service in the Holy Temple and consumption of the Holy Terumah, so the Torah required them to follow unique rules of ritual purity, in order to protect them against ritual defilement (tumah). Some of these rules are still maintained today in Orthodox Judaism.

Defilement by contact with the dead

  • Kohanim are forbidden to come in contact with dead bodies. They are permitted, however, to become defiled for their closest relatives: father, mother, brother, unmarried sister, and child. Defilement of a Kohen to his wife, although not biblically explicit, is permitted by Rabbinical order.
  • A Kohen is forbidden to enter any house or enclosure, in which a dead body (or part therof), may be found (Leviticus 10:6, Leviticus 21:1–5, Ezekiel 44:20, Ezekiel 44:25) Practical examples of these prohibitions include: not entering a cemetery or attending a funeral; not being under the same roof (i.e. in a home or hospital) as a dismembered organ. The exact rules and regulations of defilement are quite complex, but a cursory rule of thumb is that they may not enter a room with a dead person or come within a few feet of the body. Proximity to the corpse of a non-Jew is less serious and may only be an issue if actual contact is established.

According to Orthodox Jewish practice, modern-day kohanim are obligated to guard against ritual defilement as prescribed by the Talmud. In order to protect them from coming into contact with or proximity to the dead, Orthodox cemeteries traditionally designate a burial ground for kohanim which is at a distance from the general burial ground, so that the sons of deceased kohanim can visit their fathers' graves without entering the cemetery. They are also careful not to be in a hospital, airplane, or any enclosed space where dead bodies are also present.

Exceptions to Tumah defilement

The Talmud prescribes that if a kohen, even the Kohen Gadol, chances upon a corpse by the wayside, and there is no one else in the area who can be called upon to bury it, then the Kohen himself must forgo the requirement to abstain from Tumah and perform the burial (Meis Mitzvah).

The Talmud also permits the Kohen to defile himself in the case of the death of a Nasi (Rabbinic leader of a religious academy). The Talmud relates that when Judah haNasi died, the Priestly laws forbidding defilement through contact with the dead were suspended for his burial ceremony.[2]

Marital defilement

  • A male Kohen may not marry a divorcee, a prostitute, or a dishonored woman (חללה) (Leviticus 21:7) A Kohen who enters into such a marriage loses the entitlements of his priestly status while in that marriage. The Kohen is not permitted to forgo his status and marry a woman prohibited to him (Leviticus 21:6–7). However, in the event that a Kohen transgresses a marital restriction, upon termination of the marriage the Kohen is allowed to re-assume his function and duties as a full Kohen.[citation needed]

Modern-day kohanim are also prohibited from marrying a divorcee (even their own divorced wife); a woman who has committed adultery, had been involved in incest, or had relations with a non-Jew; a convert; or the child of two converts. A born-Jewish woman who has had premarital relations may marry a kohen only if all of her partners were Jewish.

The daughter of a Jewish mother and non-Jewish father, while halakhically Jewish, is prohibited from marrying a kohen according to the Shulchan Aruch, reiterated by Rav Moshe Feinstein. Due to a small doubt about this in the Talmud (Yevamos 45A-B), if such a marriage is performed the couple would not have to get divorced, see Shulchan Aruch 4:19. The sons of such a union do remain Kohanim but there is a doubt as to whether they would be allowed to serve in the 3rd Temple. The London Beth Din will not perform such a marriage but allegedly U.S. and Israeli Modern Orthodox synagogues will.[citation needed]

  • Talmudically, were a kohen to marry in disregard of the above prohibitions, his marriage would be effective. Children born of the union do not have mamzer status. However, these children, are termed Chalal ("disqualified") and do not possess Kohen status. However, the children born of the union of a Kohen married to the daughter of a non Jewish father are not disqualified, as the prohibition is considered a "Safek Pagum", (doubtful blemish).
  • The high priest may marry a virgin only.

Other defilement

  • During the period of the Tabernacle and Temple the priests were required to abstain from wine and all strong drink before and while performing their priestly duties (Leviticus 10:9, Ezekiel 44:21).

Rabbinical commentary

According to Sefer Hachinuch, since the Temple was a place of beauty and the services that were held in it were designed to inspire visitors to thoughts of repentance and closeness to God, a less than physically perfect priest, and a less than perfect spiritual ambiance, would mar the atmosphere.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Marshall, Taylor (2009). The Crucified Rabbi: Judaism and the Origins of the Catholic Christianity. Saint John Press. pp. 84–5. ISBN 978-0-578-03834-6.
  2. ^ Talmud Bavli, Kesubos 103b, Tosfos אותו היום, Talmud Yerushalmi, Brachos Perek 3

Bibliography

  • Mishnayoth: Seder Nashim. Translated and Annotated by Philip Blackman. Judaica Press Ltd., 2000. pp. 134–135
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