1725 in Canada

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Incumbents

Governors

Events

August 27^[3] - French ship Chameau sank near Louisbourg.
Claude-Thomas Dupuy was appointed intendant of New France.
Peter the Great sends Vitus Bering to explore the North Pacific.
1725-1729 - First Arctic expedition of Vitas Bering.

Births

Juan José Pérez Hernández, naval officer and explorer (died 1775)

Deaths

Historical documents

"No method can be so effectual" - Another call for Six Nations to come into war on side of Massachusetts against Indigenous people^[4]

Massachusetts leader's update on war alleges Father Rasles refused "to give or take quarter" before his death^[5]

Long letter of Fr. Rasles mentions champions, fires, scalps, wounded, plunder, ransom, and "a very great inclination for peace at Boston"^[6]

Long letter of Gov. Vaudreuil mentions injustice, unreasonableness, pretension, confusion and trouble, sacrifice, threatenings, and cruelty^[7]

Murderous kidnappers take New England women and children to Canada^[8]

Île-Royale governor tells Nova Scotia councillors that Penobscot and Saint John River Indigenous people are "inured to war"^[9]

Indigenous people in Nova Scotia "have shewed some inclinations of peace," but lieutenant governor wants to avoid separate peace^[10]

Nova Scotia commissioner to Boston peace talks with Indigenous people is directed to encourage their intermarriage with British^[11]

Promising peace, four Indigenous delegates sign treaty stating British "jurisdiction and dominion" over Nova Scotia^[12]

New France laments loss of naval ship with all hands, death of Gov. Vaudreuil, and "much regretted" departure of Intendant Bégon^[13]

Nova Scotia is "most commodious Colony for the fishing trade," with "greatest salmon fishery in the world"^[14]

Summary of Nova Scotia events includes inhabitants in 1725 taking oath "to the Government" (by extortion, they say later)^[15]

Île-Royale governor assures Nova Scotia lieutenant governor that no one supplies arms to Indigenous people (Note: "savage" used)^[16]

Lt. Gov. Armstrong reports evidence of clandestine trade and secret introduction of "Missionary Priest" from Île-Royale^[17]

Armstrong to assemble force (including Indigenous from New England) "to humble the vilanous french inhabitants as well as Indians"^[18]

Book on war with "Eastern Indians" offers "a Narrative of Tragical Incursions perpetrated by Bloody Pagans[...]" (Note: racial stereotypes)^[19]

Scores of Newfoundland taverns serve fishers on credit to point latter "have nothing left to carry them home" at season's end^[20]

Newfoundlander's complaint of Placentia commander's assault on himself, wife and daughter, plus extortion (with supporting depositions)^[21]

Scheme to put 100 blockhouses at back of colonies from Nova Scotia to South Carolina to prevent Indigenous attack^[22]

Photograph: 1725 Kahnawake fortification wall^[23]

References

^ Guéganic (2008), p. 13.
^ Gibbs, G. C. (September 2004; online edn, January 2006) "George I (1660–1727)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/10538. Retrieved 30 July 2007 (subscription required).
^ Chameau information, www.wrecksite.eu, retrieved 25 April 2015
^ 755 Letter of Council of Trade and Plantations (October 8, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 23 March 2021
^ "558 Lt. Governor Dummer to the Council of Trade and Plantations" (March 31, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 22 March 2021
^ "740 xii Father Rallé to another Priest, Narridgwalk 1/2 2/3rd Aug., 1724" (translation; "produced by Mr. Dummer," September 30, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 22 March 2021
^ "740 xiv M. de Vaudreuil to Lt. Governor Dummer, Quebec, Oct. 29, 1724" (translation; "produced by Mr. Dummer," September 30, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Dummer's reply: "740 xxv Lt. Governor Dummer to M. de Vaudreuil, Boston, Jan. 19, 1724(5)" ("produced by Mr. Dummer," September 30, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 22 March 2021
^ An Account of the Captivity of Elizabeth Hanson, Late of Kachecky in New-England(...) (1787). Accessed 24 March 2021
^ "718 viii Proceedings of Hibbert Newton and Capt. Bradstreet with the Governor of Cape Breton, on Aug. 19th, 1725" Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 22 March 2021
^ "718 x Lt. Governor Armstrong to Lt. Govr. Dummer" Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 22 March 2021
^ "718 vi Instructions of Major Paul Mascarene, 31st Aug., 1725(....)" Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 22 March 2021
^ "Articles of Submission & Agreements made at Boston(...)" (December 15, 1725). Accessed 22 March 2021
^ "Extracts from the Journal of the Jesuits from the year 1710 to 1755," The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents[...]; Vol. LIX.; Lower Canada, Illinois, Ottawas; 1667-1669 [sic], pgs. 234-5. Accessed 22 March 2021 http://moses.creighton.edu/kripke/jesuitrelations/relations_69.html (scroll down to September, 1725)
^ "718 xii Observations made by Lt. Governor Armstrong(....)" Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 22 March 2021
^ "Extract from a Letter of Governor Mascarene(...)" (April 1748), Nova Scotia Documents; Acadian French, pg. 159. Accessed 19 February 2021
^ Letter of St. Ovide de Brouillan (translation; Louisbourg, 1725), Nova Scotia Documents; Acadian French, pg. 63. Accessed 19 February 2021
^ Letter of Lawrence Armstrong (Canso, December 2, 1725), Nova Scotia Documents; Acadian French, pg. 64. Accessed 19 February 2021
^ 759 Letter of Lt. Gov. Armstrong (Canso, October 24, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 23 March 2021
^ Samuel Penhallow, The History of the Wars of New-England, With the Eastern Indians (1726) Accessed 18 March 2021
^ "757 (a) Commodore Bouler's Answers to Heads of Enquiry relating to Trade and Fishery of Newfoundland (October 10, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 23 March 2021 https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol34/pp447-462 (scroll down to "(xxxix)")
^ "562 Petition of Thomas Salmon to the Council of Trade and Plantations" (April 6, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Warning to Gledhill to desist: "669 Mr. Popple to Lt. Govr. Gledhill" (June 24, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Gledhill's reply to warning: "753 Lt. Governor Gledhill to the Council of Trade and Plantations" (October 3, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 23 March 2021
^ "663 Galfridus Gray to the Council of Trade and Plantations" (June 20, 1725), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 34, 1724-1725. Accessed 22 March 2021
^ "Children at remains of fortification wall of 1725, Kahnawake, QC, about 1910" McCord Museum. Accessed 19 March 2021

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