YouthSat

Transcription

First of all, let me thank the Appel team of NASA for giving me this opportunity to be here with you. I'm very proud that I'm seeing a few of those NASA veterans who made all this great things. Standing outside maybe we were looking at is as a wonder happening in the U.S., building the manned space programs the international space stations, and the leadership you have taken in this program of human space flight, and exploration of space. From India, let me salute you for this achievement and we would like to see you being the leader for much longer time. And I, from the space agency of India, I would like to tell you a few introductory slides on what we do, in India, on the space activity, this is a Center, the Indian Space Research Organization is an organization spread across the entire country of India with 12,000 people working in technical area, with the centers spread across most of the southern area of the country. And, uh, I am here in the Center called Vikram Sarabhai Space Center, which designs the rockets, the liquid propulsion systems which make the liquid engines, the launch station is on the Eastern side of India, it's called [ inaudible ] Space Center, and that's one of our pioneering person, then the space satellite center, which is here in Bangalor, and we have an application center here which directs the payloads and makes on the applications, the National Remote Sensing Center which kind of works the area of photography for the applications which we will describe, and we are host of [ inaudible ] physics, the national systems, the [ inaudible ] optics, on master [ inaudible ] tracking centers, and I want a physical research laboratories, and national aeronautic, sorry, this is [ inaudible ] research laboratory, we have a northeastern application center semiconductor laboratory, and the last is the IASD, which is an institute which is started for space education. We find that we have people now coming up to the space, actually where we started our Institute. And at just four years old, giving undergraduate course on avionics and space, aerospace, and basic science. Now this organization works on very small budget. This is a budget which is for a five year period, we just hardly six hundred million, which is the distributed for different activities. Uh, we started our launch ready program in the early '70's, developed few small rockets, but we are here today making PSLVs and GSLVs, uh, which has capability to launch 1.6 tons to Leo, now and two tons stragegio, and be developing a new rocket called GSLV MK-3, which has four ton capability stragegio and my job at [ inaudible ], is to make it and the project [inaudible], the PSLVs, uh, currently operational yesterday we had a launch which was very successful, put a remote sensor satellite in orbit, along two small satellites, one from Singapore and one from Russia, GSLVs, yes progressing but we had few failures, we have been using the Russian cryogenic stage [ inaudible ] the one which we made a crygenic stage also failed in the last two missions. So we are under analysis of this failure and probably an in 5, 6 months we'll have the next launch. Being a project director, I will like to tell you something on the one which we do on making a new rocket, this is the solid booster of this rocket which we have recently tested. This third that saw a bigger solid booster of the world, and the liquid stage which we call liquid stage is also has been successfully tested. The one which is yet to a tester is the cryogenic stage which is under development. This is the testing of that just to get ready for the test, is the liquid engine stage under test. And the cryogenic stage we have tested but we have not been successful in flight, and we are now developing a new cryogenic stage which is having 250, 200 kilometer thrust capability. We had a program of human space flight but today we; it's still in the discussion mode, the government has not approved this program. But we have started certain demonstration mode on the reentry technologies, and has been demonstrated successfully during the year 2007 but it's still, in the preliminary stage. Funding from state is not a confirmed. This is our launch station Where we make the PSLVs, or DSL launchers. We have two launch pads similar to the one which had to happen to see the [inaudible] building we had a tall building where built the vacant and moved it out and go to the launch pad on launch. That's very near to the official, like KSC, I had the same feeling when I stood there [ laughter ]. I would like to speak now about the cooperations part of India and the NASA, we started with the work on the spacecrafts, with a four dollar space building on first communications satellites and launching from U.S. and later we have built our own space craft series on both in communication and remote sensing. But the recent achievement is the Chandrayaan mission, the where we had opportunity to work along with many collaborators and putting the space payloads in the Chandrayaan mission. And I can tell you that without the JPL support, this mission would not have been successful, we were extremely successful at putting the spacecraft at [inaudible] orbit around the moon, and putting a descending to the moon and impacting it, and both the payloads from the entry payload from NASA as as well as the MIP, had a contribution in discovering the sense of water in the moon, and these were the payloads from the the U.S.A., these two were [inaudible] the most important payload that us contributed, and we have also other payloads from ESA, and four more payloads from India. So we can see the Chandrayaan payloads recovered data the electromagnetic spectrum, this was one of the most important aspect of this payload selection, and cooperation, this was just a hundred kilogram space part having this capability, and we are now building the Chandrayaan II, which is planned to be launched in two years but it is going to be a collaboration with Russia, we will have a rover and a lander in that mission, and probably we may have it in the process of discussing the third mission, maybe, presently there is a discussion going on at JPL with our colleagues who was a principal investigator of the Chandrayaan I mission, on the Moon Rise program there is a discussion going on how ISRO and NASA can collaborate, work, our own possibility is limited to putting an orbit around moon and also with experiments brought by the NASA, So I want to show you this slide which is reason one, where new chairman of ISRO, Mr. Radhakrishnan, assigned to protocol, minutes on the collaboration between NASA and ISRO. And I happen to be standing there. [ laughter ] [ More audience laughter ] OK, so, I set about this collaboration of course there are in the last meeting a proposal now to work on the international space station, what type of experiments is ISRO would like to participate in this the space station activities. And we are working out this in ISRO, basically on the Earth observation and climate study areas payload, possible payloads, can be verified, and also there is the [inaudible] of space technology, we is working with the Cal Tech on some of the educational aspects of space also. We have in India, a collaboration with many other space faring nations. We have discussions in the collaboration with the UK, very long standing collaboration between the CP and Europe. that one of our liquid engine called Viking loss jointly developed due 80's, with the ISRO walking around with the CP and we are still using it, but Arian 4 no longer uses it. We have a collaboration with CNES, and two spacelabs are just soon to be launched. One is called metatropics, it's a joint development between France and India, and also two payloads called saddle and alticar are again science missions. Russian collaboration also has been there for very long time. We have brokered cryogenic stages, which about eight of them, have been used. We have [inaudible] collaboration, we have, on 20th, yesterday there was a launch of one of the small satellite from Russia, and we also worked with the ROSCOSMOS on the human space flight studies. Right now, and also collaboration with the Asian counties. Now, to in my slide, I would like to tell the reflections which we have shared on yesterday. Is first of all the future programs, of ISRO, and also the on social development, which I didn't put here, basically, the ISRO's approach to the space activities purely for social purposes and the application of remote sensing we had been using very largely for our, the studies related to the use of Earth, the minerals, maybe the water, the planet but and we also have the communications satellite launched a number of spacecrafts. Very fine, acute shortage of the communications transporters, and we still depending upon the procure launches and there is Arian space that used to be prime launch provider for us. Our programs on human space has, is still in the study phase is yet to take up to a larger scale and the rocket which we just now discussed is what is planned to be finally human rated, which we can make those human launches, maybe 20 years from now. Now I also face the similar problems in our organization which you are now discussing here in the Passing the Torch 3 program, where we have the interaction between the and the new generation. Our organization is about 45 years old now, so you also see the problem of many large number of people there and the new faces coming up in our organization the few of the problems which we see are are the, the information or the knowledge is still residing in the brain and nothing is being put on on paper the next generation who wants to walk upon it finds it extremely difficult on through and generated all those procedures, and protocols of the mechanisms. The one thing which I see very clearly is about the review process-- the reviewers are now vanishing. We are not able to even to find a good reviewer for a system. So we still keep the our veterans at bay so that they always come and help out in designing and reviewing in the new system so this capability development is one important aspect of any organization of this type which have the knowledge particularly in the minds and not easy to put it on paper. Which is very common knowledge, again, only information that can be on paper, it is an actual letter, uh, experience of the person that has to be there. So this is one issue. And second issue is availability of good, trained manpower, in an organization like us, then you have going through transition off the organization, from, um, a government organization basically being ours, we we're not paid handsomely like any, like an industry or an IT profession which provides you so this challenge of getting the right people for the job is also a big problem which we are facing and the technology problems of course is a big problem for ISRO, basically hiding aerospace industry in the country literally, so it has to be all done by ISRO, from the biotechniques, to the avionics, to the structures the fabrication, propellant, everything has to be done by the single [inaudible] Center, later has to be done. There is nobody to look for uh, by buying or [inaudible]. Nobody there. So this a core group of technical people who are to do the entire development. So this is again a big challenge. As an organization. So thank you for giving this opportunity to reflect on us and I also, all the time learning of what how you went through and developed your programs, and the vision for future and I am sure given an opportunity, I would like at the end of this I would like to offer my comments on it and how I took the whole program. Thank you. [ Applause ]