Wotton House, Surrey

Wotton House
Wotton House, Dorking, Surrey
Type	Country house
Location	Guildford Road, Wotton, Surrey
Coordinates	51°12′39″N 0°23′44″W / 51.21093°N 0.39567°W / 51.21093; -0.39567
Area	20 ha (49 acres)
Built	17th century
Owner	InterContinental Hotels Group

Listed Building – Grade II*
Official name	Wotton House
Designated	11 March 1987
Reference no.	1189814

National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens
Official name	Wotton House
Designated	1 June 1984
Reference no.	1000391

Listed Building – Grade II
Official name	Waterwork grotto to south west of Wotton House
Designated	11 March 1987
Reference no.	1378104

Listed Building – Grade II
Official name	Grotto to east of Wotton House
Designated	11 March 1987
Reference no.	1294093


Location of Wotton House in Surrey

Wotton House is a hotel, wedding venue, conference centre and former country house in Wotton near Dorking, Surrey, England. Originally the centre of the Wotton Estate and the seat of the Evelyn family, it was the birthplace in 1620 of diarist and landscape gardener John Evelyn, who built the first Italian garden in England there.^[1]

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Construction

George Evelyn bought Wotton from Henry Owen, a descendant of Owen Tudor, in 1579.^[2] The house was built in the early 17th century by the Evelyn family who extended it in the later 17th century. In the 18th century it was extended eastwards by William Kent. Further extensions and alterations were made in the early 19th century by Francis Edwards. Following a fire in the 1870s the house was restored and enlarged by Henry Woodyer for William John Evelyn in 1877.^[3]

Its architectural features include distinctive terracotta decorations on brickwork, octagonal turrets and stacks, winged gryphons on the porch, and plaster wall panels by Kent painted in Chinese style by Belgian Jean Derraux.^[3] The old orangery (now the centre's bar^[4]), has a decorative parapet and banded piers. Many of the doors feature small paintings above them.^[3]

The estate

John Evelyn (1620–1706) and his elder brother George created the first Italian garden in England. Work on it started in 1643, was completed by 1652,^[1] and it is the house's most famous feature.^[3] The grounds are unusually highly listed as Grade II* and there are also two grottoes close to the house, both listed Grade II.^[3]^[5]^[6]^[7]

The River Tillingbourne flows through the estate, which had its own mill at one time. The mill was originally used for the manufacture of gunpowder, a major source of the family's fortune. Later the mill was adapted for use as a wire-works and copper mill.^[8]

Notable residents

Wotton House was the family seat of the Evelyn Family. John Evelyn, the diarist, landscape designer and collector, was born in a room still in existence there. He inherited the house and estates on the death of his brother George in 1699.^[3]

The descendants who inherited the house in turn included Conservative politician William John Evelyn (1822-1908), who was elected MP for Western Surrey from 1849 until 1857 and became MP for Deptford in 1885 until resigning in 1888.

Post-war use

Between 1947 and 1981 the house was leased to the Home Office and used as the Fire Service College.^[9]^[10]

Grade II* listed status was given to the garden in 1984, and the house and its two garden grottoes became listed in 1987.^[11]

Twenty-first century

In 2003, having been fully refurbished following a period of relative neglect, Wotton House was re-opened as a hotel, wedding venue, training and conference centre.^[12]^[3]^[11]^[4] The property is currently owned and run by InterContinental Hotels Group.

Notes

^ ^a ^b "At Wotton on his brother's estate he and a relation George Evelyn introduced between 1643 and 1652 what was really the first Italian garden into England, terracing a steep hillside and fitting a little temple into the bottom of it." (Nairn, Pevsner & Cherry 1971, p. 42)
^ Edward Wedlake Brayley, John Britton, Edward William Brayley, Topographical History of Surrey, vol. 5 (London, 1850), p. 20.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1189814)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
^ ^a ^b CentralR staff 2011.
^ Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1000391)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
^ Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1378104)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
^ Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1294093)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
^ Tillingbourne Trails, Wotton. 2016.
^ Nairn, Pevsner & Cherry 1971, p. 542.
^ Fire Service College staff 2009.
^ ^a ^b "Wotton_Bro_use" (PDF). Principal Hayley. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
^ PHG staff.

References

CentralR staff (2011), Wotton House Venue, CentralR (Central Reservations Limited), retrieved 8 May 2012
Fire Service College staff (2009), Heritage and History, Fire Service College
PHG staff, Wotton House, Dorking, Principal Hayley Group Limited, retrieved 14 September 2011
Nairn, Ian; Pevsner, Nikolaus; Cherry, Bridget (1971) [1962], Cherry, Bridget (ed.), Surrey, Buildings of England (2, illustrated, revised, reprint ed.), Penguin

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