Women's international rugby union

Women's international rugby union has a history going back to the late 19th century, but it was not until 1982 that the first international fixture (or "test match") involving women's rugby union took place. The match was organised in connection with the Dutch Rugby Union's 50th anniversary: as part of the celebrations, on June 13, 1982, the French national women's team played the Dutch in Utrecht, Netherlands, with France winning 4–0^[1] in a game that has since been recognised as the first ever women's international^[2] rugby union match.

Official recognition of women's internationals was not immediate, as almost all women's rugby was originally organised outside of the control of either national unions or World Rugby (WR) for many years. Partly as a result, no internationally agreed list of rugby internationals exists; even in the men's game, WR does not decide which matches are "full internationals" (or "test matches"), leaving such decisions up to participating unions.

As a result, one country may classify a match as a full international (and award full test caps) while the opposition may not: countries may even award caps for games against an opposition that is not a national team (World XVs, for example).^[3]

International rugby initially grew slowly.^[4] Sweden joined France and the Netherlands in 1984, followed by Italy in 1985. It was not until 1987 with a U.S. v. Canada matchup that the first international took place outside Europe, and not until 1990, with New Zealand hosting a match, that the first match was played by a Southern Hemisphere team or played in the Southern Hemisphere. However, since 2003 the game has expanded rapidly, and now over 50 nations have played at least one "test match".

Over 1,000 internationals have now been played. Traditional centres of rugby in New Zealand, England, and France have been the most successful nations, but they have been joined by a number of "non-traditional" nations who have also been successful, such as the United States and Canada.

Rankings

Unlike men's rugby, there was historically no official ranking of women's teams — prior to 2016, WR generally referred to the placings in the preceding World Cup. However, Rugby Europe compiles an annual ranking of European teams and rugby statistician Serge Piquet has produced a currently unofficial, but generally accepted, world ranking list.^[5] Another list appears on The Roon Ba website.^[6]

On 1 February 2016, WR introduced its first official rankings of women's national teams, calculated in virtually the same manner as the existing rankings for men's national teams.^[7]

International women's matches

Definition of an "international":

Individual unions compile their own international records. As a result, the list below will conflict with some of these "official" records (much in the same way as they will conflict with each other) as unions:

• may not include some games in their official records because they fielded a below strength team in a tournament for full international XVs, or
• may include games which are not listed below because they fielded a full strength team in a friendly against an unofficial or "A" team.

For consistency this list has used the following criteria when defining what is or is not an international:

• Tournament games between national representative XVs from tournaments for full international teams, regardless of an individual union's selection policy;
• "Friendly" fixtures which it appears were generally promoted prior to the game as being between full strength national XVs. In case of doubt the opinion of the home union – i.e. the promoter of the game – has carried the most weight.
• Fixtures between official national selections and supra-national teams (such as "World XVs").

World Rugby Rankings (women)

Women's
World Rugby Rankings

• v
• t
• e

Top 20 rankings as of 4 December 2023^[8]

Rank	Change*	Team	Points
1		England	096.18
2		New Zealand	090.56
3		France	087.89
4		Canada	086.27
5		Australia	081.61
6		Wales	076.67
7		Italy	075.61
8		Scotland	074.37
9		United States	072.02
10		Ireland	071.52
11		Japan	069.38
12		Spain	064.89
13		South Africa	064.37
14		Russia	061.10
15		Netherlands	060.02
16		Samoa	059.57
17		Fiji	058.65
18		Hong Kong	058.31
19		Sweden	056.01
20		Kazakhstan	055.97
*Change from the previous week

The World Rugby Rankings for women is a ranking system for women's national teams in rugby union, managed by World Rugby, the sport's governing body. The teams of World Rugby's member nations are ranked based on their game results, with the most successful teams being ranked highest. A point system is used, with points being awarded based on the results of World Rugby-recognized international matches. The women's rankings are calculated in the same manner as WR's existing men's rankings, with minor adjustments to reflect historic differences between women's and men's rugby.

Women's Test Ranking (unofficial)

Before early 2016, there was no official World Rugby ranking list for women's rugby. Several unofficial lists have been produced, with the list developed by Serge Piquet in 2009 having widest circulation following its adoption by women's rugby website ScrumQueens.com in 2013.

The system is similar in many ways to that used by WR for its men's rankings, and includes data from every women's international match since 1982.

Match points are awarded to each country as follows:

1. Match level – generally the mean of combined points the two teams before the match, with a minima.

2. The result – 400 points for a win, 200 for a draw, 100 for a defeat or 0 for a forfeit in an official competition.

3. Match venue – 100 points is shared between the two teams. A team playing at home against an opponent from another continent gets 0 point, but 100 is awarded to their opponents. 25 points goes to the home team if the opponent is from the same continent, and 75 for their opponents. 50 goes to each team if they are playing on neutral ground.

4. Number of scored points and the points difference.

5. World Cup – a bonus of 50 points for games in qualifying rounds, 100 in pool phases of the finals, 150 for playoffs and 200 for the final.

Matches against A, B, Emerging, Amateur, Junior, Student, Army, Police or Services teams (and provinces/clubs when these games are part of official competitions) are also taken into account.

Nomads, Caribbean Select XV and Great Britain awarded ranking points but not a ranking position.

After each match a team's new ranking points total will be equal to the sum of 10% of their match points, and 90% of the ranking number before the match. This method evens out occasional surprise results and ensures that the ranking rewards consistency of performance.

Finally, in order that current form is given priority over historic performances, points gained from past matches decrease by 2% per year.

Differences between men's and women's rankings

Although the ranking is similar in principle to that produced by WR for men's rugby since 2003 and women's rugby since 2016, there are some differences that take into account differences in women's rugby.

The WR system, for both men and women, does not account for the level of the teams — the winner gains some points, and the loser loses them, regardless of the relative levels of the opponents. This means that a lower-tier team will lose ranking points with a loss to a higher-tier team, even if the result is much closer than expected. Given the sometimes wide variation in strength of teams — even in the same competition — this is too simplistic for women's rugby.

The WR ranking also does not account for matches against "special" teams, especially those that are not WR members — but for many of the smaller women's nations, games against teams such as England "A" are more significant, tougher, and often as good a guide to their strength, if not better, than those against some full-strength test teams. As a result, such games are included in this ranking.

Finally, a new team added to WR's rankings is arbitrarily awarded a fixed number of points (currently 30 in the men's game, and 40 in the women's game). before December 2012, a men's team had to play at least 10 matches to be classified. Given the number of tests women's teams play this would be a significant barrier to inclusion.

An alternative ranking is available at the site 22metri and is based on the WR calculation method applied to the games played from January 2010 with teams assigned an arbitrary starting points of 40, 30 and 20 based on tier.^[9] The ranking is similar to the one from Scrumqueens, as expected.

Highest team scores

up to and including 24 November 2018

152	Fiji v Papua New Guinea (152–0) at Papakura 09/07/2022 Friendly
141	Netherlands v Denmark (141–3) at Toulouse 02/05/2004 FIRA [445]
134	New Zealand v Germany (134–6) at Amsterdam 02/05/1998 World Cup [192]
121	United States v Japan (121–0) at Melrose 15/04/1994 World Cup [086]
	New Zealand v Hong Kong (121–0) at Billings Park UCD, Dublin 13/08/2017 World Cup [1211]
119	Spain v Finland (119–0) at University of A Coruña 30/04/2011 FIRA [885]
117	New Zealand v Germany (117–0) at Barcelona 13/05/2002 World Cup [360]
113	Netherlands v Denmark (113–0) at Amsterdam 08/05/2003 FIRA [413]
111	United States v Sweden (111–0) at Melrose 11/04/1994 World Cup [080]
109	New Zealand v France (109–0) at Edmonton 14/09/1996 Canada Cup [143]  France A v Finland (109–3) at INEF Bastiaqueiro 04/05/2011 FIRA [---]
105	Netherlands v Belgium (105–0) at Amsterdam 08/04/2001 Friendly [308]  Netherlands v Finland (105–0) at Enköping 03/05/2012 FIRA [937]
101	England v South Africa (101–0) at Imber Court 14/05/2005 Friendly [495]
100	Netherlands v Belgium (100–0) at Enköping, Sweden 17/05/2009 FIRA [737]

Note: An unofficial international between a Uganda XV and a Rwanda XV at Kampala on 4 December 2004 resulted in a 183–0 win to the Uganda XV.

Sources of women's international results

The above results have been traced mainly via the following listings of national and tournament results – most being national RFUs. Other results have been traced via numerous news reports.

• Australia at the Wayback Machine (archived 30 September 2007) Complete for 1994–2006, some errors in dates.
• England (1998–)
• FIRA European Championships (2003–)
• France (1982–2004)
• France (1990–)
• Germany (rather incomplete)
• International Rugby Board (2006–, Six Nations and World Cup only)
• Japan (1994–2002)
• Netherlands (2003–)
• Norway (2002–)
• New Zealand (1991–)
• RBS Six Nations (2004–)
• Sweden (1984–2005)
• USA (complete, some errors)
• Wales (1987–, some gaps, some errors)

Women's rugby participation rates

Ratio of registered female rugby players to the total female population.

Rank Country Ratio 1  Tonga 1: 8 2  Cook Islands 1: 17 3  Saint Vincent & the Grenadines 1: 74 4  Swaziland 1: 123 5  Solomon Islands 1: 125 6  New Zealand 1: 131 7  Ireland 1: 155 8  Bermuda 1: 172 9  Guam 1: 191 10  Tahiti 1: 225 11  Botswana 1: 234 12  Samoa 1: 262 13  Namibia 1: 311 14  Malta 1: 362 15  Australia 1: 449 16  Wales 1: 464 17  Papua New Guinea 1: 474 18  British Virgin Islands 1: 528 19  Cayman Islands 1: 529 20  Vanuatu 1: 622 21  South Africa 1: 693 22  Scotland 1: 723 23  Hong Kong 1: 870 24  Andorra 1: 897 25  Barbados 1: 1,018 26  Fiji 1: 1,100 27  Tunisia 1: 1,204 28  England 1: 1,235 29  Senegal 1: 1,535 30  Moldova 1: 2,049 31  American Samoa 1: 2,379 32  France 1: 2,413 33  Rwanda 1: 2,512 34  Uganda 1: 2,552

Rank Country Ratio 35  Trinidad and Tobago 1: 2,812 36  Singapore 1: 2,883 37  Canada 1: 2,921 38  United States 1: 2,951 39  Guyana 1: 3,247 40  Sri Lanka 1: 3,642 41  Luxembourg 1: 3,742 42  Jamaica 1: 4,255 43  Italy 1: 4,411 44  Zambia 1: 4,605 45  Belgium 1: 4,671 46  Bahamas 1: 4,838 47  Madagascar 1: 5,157 48  Netherlands 1: 5,331 49  Peru 1: 5,623 50  Denmark 1: 5,719 51  Uruguay 1: 5,859 52  Mauritius 1: 6,014 53  Bulgaria 1: 6,624 54  Thailand 1: 6,800 55  Zimbabwe 1: 7,065 56  Latvia 1: 7,624 57  Spain 1: 8,054 58  Kazakhstan 1: 9,323 59  Georgia 1: 9,370 60  Norway 1: 9,838 61  Sweden 1: 9,867 62  Romania 1: 9,930 63  Argentina 1: 10,190 64  Kenya 1: 10,335 65  Lithuania 1: 10,583 66  Czech Republic 1: 11,017 67  Portugal 1: 11,156 68   Switzerland 1: 12,243

Rank Country Ratio 69  Philippines 1: 14,092 70  Finland 1: 15,256 71  Chile 1: 15,901 72  Serbia 1: 16,023 73  United Arab Emirates 1: 16,319 74  Morocco 1: 17,867 75  Japan 1: 18,822 76  Croatia 1: 19,205 77  Cameroon 1: 19,936 78  Israel 1: 23,579 79  Bosnia and Herzegovina 1: 24,307 80  Germany 1: 24,913 81  Ukraine 1: 26,802 82  Hungary 1: 28,893 83  Slovenia 1: 30,451 84  Paraguay 1: 31,736 85  Austria 1: 32,949 86  Poland 1: 33,761 87  Russia 1: 39,308 88  Malaysia 1: 44,189 89  Colombia 1: 48,638 90  Greece 1: 52,138 91  Chinese Taipei 1: 57,045 92  Venezuela 1: 62,814 93  Brazil 1: 68,634 94  Mexico 1: 71,685 95  Ivory Coast 1: 80,972 96  China 1: 98,328 97  Pakistan 1: 129,870 98  Uzbekistan 1: 139,665 99  India 1: 144,300 100  Nigeria 1: 267,380 101  South Korea 1: 862,069 102  Indonesia 1: 1,298,701

Source: ScrumQueens

See also

• Canada Cup
• Caribbean Women's Rugby Championship
• FIRA Women's European Championship
• Scottish Women's Rugby Union
• Women's international rugby union results summary
• Pacific Tri-Nations
• Women's rugby
• Women's Rugby World Cup
• Women's Six Nations Championship
• Women's International Rugby Union Sevens
• Women's international rugby union results summary
• List of women's international rugby union test matches
• Women's international rugby union (non test matches)
• Rugby Africa Women's Cup

Notes

External links

• Media related to Women's rugby union at Wikimedia Commons
• Rugbydata includes women's internationals (18 March 2010 to 16 March 2014)
• Entire list of internationals (13 June 1982 to 28 April 2012) in a Google Documents spreadsheet.
• The rise and popularity of women's rugby in Canada, by John A O'Hanley (1998)
• Official women's World Rankings

This page was last edited on 4 June 2023, at 12:00