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Tarangan language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tarangan
Native toIndonesia
RegionAru Islands
Native speakers
14,000 (2011)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
tre – East Tarangan
txn – West Tarangan
Glottologeast2465  East
west2538  West

Tarangan is one of the Aru languages, spoken by inhabitants of the Aru Islands in eastern Indonesia. There are two varieties of Tarangan: East and West Tarangan. These varieties are divergent, perhaps no closer than they are to Manombai, also spoken in the Arus. West Tarangan is a trade language of the southern islands.[2]

Phonology

The following is the description for West Tarangan:[3]

Consonants

Consonant phonemes[3]
Labial Dental/
Alveolar 		Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Plosive voiceless (p) t̪ k (ʔ)
voiced b d (dʒ) (ɡ)
Fricative ɸ s
Flap ɾ
Lateral l
Approximant j w
  • /k/ can occur as a glottal [ʔ] intervocalically between two non-high vowels.[3]
  • /ɸ/ is heard as a stop [p] syllable-final position.[3]
  • /w j/ are heard as voiced stops [ɡ dʒ] in word-initial position and within a stressed noninitial syllable onset.[3]

Vowels

Vowel phonemes[3]
Front Central Back
Close i u
Close-mid e o
Open-mid ɛ ɔ
Open a
  • /a i/ in unstressed positions are heard as [ə ɪ].[3]
  • Sounds /e o/ are phonetically [e̝ o̝].[3]

References

  1. ^ East Tarangan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
    West Tarangan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Hughes, Jock (1987). "The languages of Kei, Tanimbar and Aru: Lexicostatistic classification" (PDF). In Soenjono Dardjowidjojo (ed.). Miscellaneous studies of Indonesian and other languages in Indonesia, part 9. NUSA 27. Jakarta: Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya. pp. 71–111.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Nivens, Richard (1992). "A Lexical Phonology of West Tarangan". Phonological Studies in Four Languages of Maluku. Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington.
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This page was last edited on 26 January 2023, at 10:28
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