Valerian Pidmohylny

Valerian Pidmohylny

Born	(1901-02-02)2 February 1901 Chapli, Russian Empire
Died	3 November 1937(1937-11-03) (aged 36) Sandarmokh, Karelian ASSR,^[1] USSR
Occupation	Novelist, short story writer, translator, literary critic
Notable works	The City, A Little Touch of Drama
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Valerian Petrovych Pidmohylny (Ukrainian: Валер'ян Петрович Підмогильний; 2 February 1901 - 3 November 1937) was a Ukrainian modernist, most famous for his novel The City (Ukrainian: Місто, romanized: Misto). Like a number of Ukrainian writers, he flourished in 1920s Ukraine, but in 1930s, he was constrained and eventually arrested by the NKVD on fabricated charges of terrorism. He was executed in Sandarmokh in 1937, during the Great Purge.^[2] He is one of the leading figures of the Executed Renaissance.

Biography

Pidmohylny was born in Ekaterinoslav Governorate (now Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine). His father was a manager for a large landowner. He learned French as a child and continued his efforts, eventually becoming a major translator of French literature into Ukrainian, in particular the works of Anatole France and Guy de Maupassant.

His early adult life is sketchy, but there is a slight indication that he was a supporter of Symon Petliura, the military commander of the short-lived independent Ukraine created after the Soviet Revolution.

Living in Kyiv, but having difficulty publishing some of his stories in 1923, he was able to secure publication in the anti-Soviet émigré journal Nova Ukraina. This created disagreements with other Ukrainian writers including Khvyl'ovyi, one of the leading writers of the period.

Pidmohylny published a wide number of stories in the next several years after having been "exonerated" by the major Ukrainian journal Chervonyi shliakh. He also participated in the literary group Lanka tied to the journal Zhyttia i revoliutsiia. In addition to prose fiction and translations, he also published several critical essays, and is considered one of the pioneers of Freudian criticism in Ukraine.

In 1927, at the age of 26, Pidmohylny won recognition as a major author with the publication of his novel Misto (The City), which was also translated into Russian.

As harsh Stalinism solidified in Ukraine, Pidmohylny had increasing difficulty publishing his work, especially magnified because of questions of his commitment to the Soviet system. In 1934, he was arrested. After being tortured and forced to sign absurd confessions, he was sentenced to the Solovki prison camp and shot in Sandarmokh, Karelia.^[3]^[4]

After Stalin’s death, Pidmohylny was partially rehabilitated in 1956.^[5]

Major works

The City

The novel Misto is the story of a young man thrust into the violent sights and smells of an urban environment and has been translated into English.

A Little Touch of Drama

The novel A Little Touch of Drama (Ukrainian: Невеличка драма, romanized: Nevelychka drama), originally only published in serialization, describes the character types of a number of men who compete for the love of one woman. One of her primary admirers is a scientist, and a major theme is the tension between the administration of reason-based science and human emotional life. It is available in English translation.

English translations

A Little Touch of Drama, translated by George S. N. Luckyj and Moira Luckyj. Ukrainian Academic Press (Libraries Unlimited). Littleton, Colorado, 1972, ISBN 0872870510.
"Vania" / M.T. Journal of Ukrainian Studies. 10.2 (Winter 1985): 49-51, Toronto. Translated by Maxim Tarnawsky.
"In the Infirmary". In Before the Storm: Soviet Ukrainian Fiction of the 1920s. Translated by Yuri Tkacz, edited by George S. N. Luckyj. Ann Arbor: Ardis, 1986, ISBN 0882335219.
"The Haydamaka", "The Military Pilot" and "The Third Revolution". In Conflict and Chaos: Ukrainian Male Authors 1905-1933. Edited by Paul Cipywnyk. Language Lanterns, Toronto, 2010. ISBN 0973598298.
The City, translated with introduction by Maxim Tarnawsky. Harvard University Press, Harvard Library of Ukrainian Literature, 2024, ISBN 9780674291119.