The Foreign Military Financing (FMF) program provides grants and loans to help countries purchase weapons and defense equipment produced in the United States as well as acquiring defense services and military training. FMF funds purchases are made through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program, which manages government-to-government sales. FMF also funds purchases made through the Direct Commercial Contracts (DCC) program, which oversees sales between foreign governments and private U.S. companies. FMF does not provide cash grants to other countries; it generally pays for sales of specific goods or services through FMS or DCS.
In 2020, the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), which oversees the FMF program, reported sales of $50.8 billion under the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program (an increase of 51% from five years earlier) and $124.3 billion in sales under the Direct Commercial Contracts (DCC) program.[1]
The State Department's Bureau of Political-Military Affairs and the latter's Office of Security Assistance set policy for the FMF program, while the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), within the Defense Department, manages it on a day-to-day basis. Security Assistance Organizations (SAOs), military personnel in U.S. embassies overseas, play a key role in managing FMF within recipient countries. Some FMF pays for SAO salaries and operational costs. Congress appropriates funds for FMF through the yearly Foreign Operations Appropriations Act.
FMF exists primarily to fund arms transfers, as military training is normally granted through the International Military Education and Training (IMET) program. However, FMF does support a good deal of training.
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Transcription
Allocation of Foreign Military Financing
By account, program area and program element
The allocation of FMF by account, program area and program element is:[2]
| Account | Actual 2006 (millions of USD) | Requested 2008 (millions of USD) |
|---|---|---|
| Total FMF | 8,929.8 | 9,072.0 |
| 1.1 Counter-Terrorism | 0.05 | - |
| 1.1.3 Governments’ Capabilities | 0.05 | - |
| 1.3 Stabilization Operations and Security Sector Reform | 4,464.85 | 4,536.00 |
| 1.3.1 Operations Support | 244.63 | 231.99 |
| 1.3.5 Immediate Protection of Civilians in Conflict | 1.23 | 0.01 |
| 1.3.6 Defense, Military, and Border Restructuring, Reform and Operations | 4,177.79 | 4,262.05 |
| 1.3.8 Program Support (Stabilization) | 41.20 | 41.95 |
By country
From 2003 to 2007 Iraq was the largest beneficiary of FMF, since then it is Afghanistan.[3] Until 2003 it was Israel. Other countries in the Middle East and Greater Middle East (including Pakistan, Jordan, and especially Egypt) are among the other major recipients of FMF funds.
The allocation of FMF by country is:[2]
| Rank | Country | Actual FMF 2008 (millions of USD) | Percentage of total 2006 | Requested FMF 2008 (millions of USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Afghanistan |
6012 | 51.14 | 2400.00 |
| 2 |  Iraq |
4369 | 51.14 | 2400.00 |
| 3 |  Bangladesh |
2389 | 3.14 | 2400.00 |
| 3 |  Egypt |
1291.00 | 29.16 | 1300.00 |
| 3 |  Israel |
1290.00 | 6.73 | 300.00 |
| 4 |  Pakistan |
207.90 | 4.71 | 200.00 |
| 5 |  Colombia |
89.10 | 2.02 | 78.00 |
| 6 |  Poland |
29.70 | 0.67 | 27.20 |
| 7 |  Philippines |
29.70 | 0.67 | 11.10 |
| 8 |  Bahrain |
15.59 | 0.35 | 4.30 |
| 9 |  Turkey |
14.85 | 0.34 | 11.82 |
| 10 |  Mozambique |
13.86 | 0.31 | 10.11 |
| 11 |  Romania |
12.87 | 0.29 | 18.40 |
| 12 |  Morocco |
12.38 | 0.28 | 3.65 |
| 13 |  Georgia |
11.88 | 0.27 | 10.00 |
| 14 |  Ukraine |
10.89 | 0.25 | 9.00 |
| 15 |  El Salvador |
9.90 | 0.22 | 4.80 |
| 16 |  Bulgaria |
9.90 | 0.22 | 13.20 |
| 17 |  Bosnia and Herzegovina |
8.91 | 0.20 | 7.80 |
| 18 |  Yemen |
8.41 | 0.19 | 4.68 |
| 19 |  Tunisia |
8.41 | 0.19 | 2.06 |
| 20 |  Latvia |
5.94 | 0.13 | 3.00 |
| 21 |  Lithuania |
4.46 | 0.10 | 3.00 |
| 22 |  Estonia |
4.45 | 0.10 | 3.00 |
| 23 |  Slovakia |
3.96 | 0.09 | 3.00 |
| 24 |  North Macedonia |
3.96 | 0.09 | 4.50 |
| 25 |  Djibouti |
3.96 | 0.09 | 3.20 |
| 26 |  Azerbaijan |
3.96 | 0.09 | 4.30 |
| 27 |  Armenia |
3.96 | 0.09 | 3.00 |
| 28 |  Czech Republic |
3.96 | 0.09 | 3.00 |
| 29 |  Lebanon |
3.71 | 0.08 | 9.60 |
| 30 |  Kazakhstan |
3.46 | 0.08 | 2.00 |
| 31 |  Albania |
3.46 | 0.08 | 2.60 |
| 32 |  Mongolia |
2.97 | 0.07 | 1.00 |
| 33 |  Hungary |
2.47 | 0.06 | 2.00 |
| 34 |  Liberia |
1.98 | 0.04 | 1.00 |
| 35 |  Ethiopia |
1.98 | 0.04 | 0.85 |
| 36 |  Kyrgyzstan |
1.88 | 0.04 | 1.50 |
| 37 |  Thailand |
1.49 | 0.03 | 0.50 |
| 38 |  Sri Lanka |
0.99 | 0.02 | 0.85 |
| 39 |  Panama |
0.99 | 0.02 | - |
| 40 |  Nigeria |
0.99 | 0.02 | 1.35 |
| 41 |  Indonesia |
0.99 | 0.02 | 15.70 |
| 42 |  East Timor |
0.99 | 0.02 | - |
| 43 |  Cambodia |
0.99 | 0.02 | 0.20 |
| 44 |  Jordan |
0.99 | 0.02 | 0.88 |
| 45 |  Haiti |
0.99 | 0.02 | - |
| 46 |  Dominican Republic |
0.94 | 0.02 | - |
| 47 | Eastern Caribbean | 0.91 | 0.02 | - |
| 48 |  Honduras |
0.89 | 0.02 | - |
| 49 |  Nicaragua |
0.59 | 0.01 | - |
| 50 |  Jamaica |
0.59 | 0.01 | - |
| 51 |  Chile |
0.59 | 0.01 | - |
| 52 |  Tajikistan |
0.49 | 0.01 | 0.68 |
| 53 |  Senegal |
0.49 | 0.01 | - |
| 54 |  Moldova |
0.49 | 0.01 | - |
| 55 |  Ghana |
0.49 | 0.01 | 0.30 |
| 56 |  Slovenia |
0.49 | 0.01 | 0.50 |
| 57 |  Fiji |
0.49 | 0.01 | 0.11 |
| 58 |  Turkmenistan |
0.30 | 0.01 | - |
| 59 |  Tonga |
0.25 | 0.01 | 0.20 |
| 60 |  Belize |
0.20 | 0.00 | - |
| 61 |  Suriname |
0.10 | 0.00 | - |
| 62 |  Guyana |
0.10 | 0.00 | - |
| 63 |  Bahamas |
0.10 | 0.00 | - |
| 64 |  Sudan |
- | - | 0.10 |
| 65 |  South Africa |
- | - | 0.10 |
| 66 |  Peru |
- | - | - |
| 67 | Mozambique |
- | - | 0.20 |
| 68 |  Madagascar |
- | - | 0.10 |
| 69 |  Kenya |
- | - | 0.80 |
| 70 |  Guinea |
- | - | 0.20 |
| 71 |  Democratic Republic of the Congo |
- | - | 0.60 |
| 72 |  Argentina |
- | - | - |
See also
References
- ^ Inside Government Contracts, Covington. "Covington Guide to Foreign Military Sales and Financing" (PDF). Inside Government Contracts. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
- ^ a b United States Department of State
- ^ https://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2011/tables/11s1296.pdf see also https://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2011/tables/11s1298.pdf
External links
- U.S. Department of Defense
- U.S. Department of State
- U.S. Department of State Foreign Military Financing Account Summary
- Defense Security Cooperation Agency
- "Report: U.S. Routinely Sends Arms to Undemocratic Nations", on Democracy Now!, May 27, 2005 (video, audio, and print transcript).
This page was last edited on 23 February 2024, at 03:11