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UP Aerospace

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

UP Aerospace, Inc.
Company typePrivate
IndustryAerospace
Founded2004
HeadquartersDenver, Colorado
Key people
Jerry Larson, President
WebsiteOfficial website

UP Aerospace, Inc. is a private spaceflight corporation headquartered in Denver, Colorado. UP Aerospace provides sub-orbital transportation for corporate, military and educational payloads, via their SpaceLoft XL sounding rocket launch vehicles. [1]

YouTube Encyclopedic

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  • Shuttle Carrier Aircraft
  • STS-129 HD Launch
  • "Welcome Back!" Discovery Lands Safely at Kennedy

Transcription

NARRATOR: It has been called the world's greatest piggyback ride: a space shuttle, atop a Boeing 747 jet aircraft. But this is no ordinary 747, this is the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft...the SCA. This specially modified jumbo jet was not only a taxi service for the shuttle, but also helped in the development of the shuttle itself. In 30 years of flying, the majestic image of a spacecraft joined to the SCA, became a symbol of American invention and ingenuity. MUSIC NARRATOR: You searched the sky... you heard the roar of the engines getting closer... then someone would shout..."there it is." The SCA. In the 30 year history of the space shuttle, if you were one of millions of people who saw the SCA fly over your town, you understood the excitement it could generate. (Crowd cheering at SCA) Moultrie- "It was always a pleasure to have the locals come out; to have the kids be able to look up and see a shuttle on top of the airplane. That's certainly a huge memory of mine. When I was a teenager, when I lived in Huntsville, Alabama where I was raised...and at the time I was a Von Braun Civic Center in Huntsville and looking up and seeing...THIS airplane. And who would have thought I would have ever have flown this airplane. How ironic that I would end up being a guy who flew the airplane and being lucky enough to be the last guy to fly this vehicle for a 30 year shuttle program." NARRATOR: The unique image of two sleek vehicles attached in a seemingly impossible configuration, evokes feelings of progress, elegance, and achievement. NARRATOR: To understand how the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft came to be, you must understand the shuttle itself. It was America's first reusable spacecraft. At the end of a space mission, the shuttle would reenter Earth's atmosphere, then it would glide down to a runway at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. There engineers would get to work refitting the spacecraft for another mission. But NASA had other landing sites, such as Edwards Air Force Base in California. If the shuttle landed here...it would need a way back to its launch site in Florida. For flying the skies on Earth, NASA engineers first thought perhaps the shuttle could have its own jet engines. But these proved to be too heavy, too complex and too costly to develop. NASA would have to find another way to transport the shuttle. Enter John Kiker, an engineer at the NASA Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Kiker: "I made a little sketch of this and put it on my desk, and then after several weeks I called up Boeing one day and told 'em not to laugh but I wanted to show 'em something." (Model airplane buzzing) NARRATOR: Using model airplanes, Kiker and his team proved the concept of transporting the shuttle on the back of a 747 jumbo jet. In addition, the tests showed the shuttle could be air launched off the back of the plane. The idea was accepted and the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft was born. The SCA first flew the shuttle in what was called the Approach and Landing Tests. The shuttle Enterprise was lifted on the back of the SCA to an altitude of about twenty-seven thousand feet...and air launched. The aerodynamic tests were crucial in proving the shuttle's ability to glide down to a landing, and helped engineers refine the shuttle design. Just as significant, the imagery of the SCA and shuttle in action was the public's first glimpse of an amazing new era of spaceflight that was just on the horizon. The shuttle became a renowned and iconic space vehicle; the SCA allowed those of us on the Earth to share that excitement when it served role as a shuttle taxi. Mission by mission, SCA crews eagerly listened for word if the shuttle would have to land somewhere other than Florida... Moultrie: " We start getting excited when we hear the weather's bad in Florida. Those few of us that fly this airplane LIKE bad weather in Florida (laughs). We get a chance to do our jobs. So...as soon as we know the shuttle is en route to California, that's when we start getting involved with the shuttle ferry team. Moultrie: "Basically the shuttles are brought into the mate/de-mate facility and they're hoisted up, and the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft, the 747 is moved under the shuttle and then the attachments are made." NARRATOR: The shuttle and its cargo can weigh anywhere from one-hundred-sixty thousand, to two-hundred-twenty thousand pounds. To lift and fly with that much weight on its back, the SCA had some special modifications that make it unlike any other jetliner. Most noticeable were vertical fins mounted on the tail. The shuttle caused air turbulence and the fins brought back stability to the flight. Other than the fins, it might appear this was an ordinary jumbo jet. But as SCA Flight Engineer Henry Taylor can tell you, there were some very important differences between a regular 747 and a Shuttle Carrier Aircraft. Henry Taylor: " We're here inside the main cabin of the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft. As you can see, there's no insulation, no paneling, all the lavatories and galleys have been removed to save weight. Above me is one of the two bulkheads...this one and this one...that are used to provide support for the orbiter attach points." Taylor (continued): "The attach points for the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft are in the same location that the orbiters attach to the external tank for launch. The aft section of the airplane, there's two struts with what we call balls...and those go up inside the orbiter. In the front, there's a small little tripod adapter fitting that mounts to the structure that's been added to the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft. Somebody made a kind of joke, although it's relevant. By the aft attach points it says, "attach orbiter here, note: black side down," which of course, the black for the tiles...it's kind've a joke to make sure somebody doesn't put it on upside down." NARRATOR: Although the plane itself had all the necessary technical requirements, for a safe flight, the highly skilled crew monitored the systems carefully, and experienced a different type of ride... Moultrie: "From a pilot's stand point, there's a long wait, when the power is pushed up...you don't really realize the time that you're going to be on the runway before rotating the airplane into the air. There's a big wait. That was the big thing impressed upon me, I think, on my first shuttle ferry." NARRATOR: As the shuttle program ended, the SCA had one final mission: deliver the shuttles Enterprise, Discovery and Endeavour to their respective museums. Across the United States, for one last time, people got to see the unique vision of spacecraft and aircraft joined in flight. And with that, the SCA with a shuttle was not seen in the sky again, but it will always remind us of a bold age of determination and invention. Taylor: "When the orbiter is on top of the SCA, it creates so much interest because it is such a unique sight. People come out by the thousands to see us wherever we stop...to come see this very unique combination." Taylor: "People appreciate and people respond to things like that...it's American ingenuity and American pride." MUSIC / Jet sounds

History and future plans

UP Aerospace vertical launch site at Spaceport America

UP Aerospace was started in 1998[2] by Jerry Larson, an aerospace engineer who had long been involved in the space program as an employee of Lockheed Martin. Larson was also a member of the Civilian Space eXploration Team (CSXT), which in 2004 became the first amateur organization to launch a (suborbital) rocket into space. The company was incorporated in 2004.[3]

The first launch of the SpaceLoft XL occurred on September 25, 2006, from Spaceport America in Upham, New Mexico. The vehicle failed to go higher than 40,000 ft due to a malfunction attributed to faulty fin design and unexpected aerodynamic effects.[4][5]

UP Aerospace conducted eight launches from Spaceport America during 2006–2009, including three in 2009.[6] They plan to "double the number of customer launches from Spaceport America to six or more in 2010 as demand for the company's services increases."[7]

As of November 2015 the company is developing an orbital small satellite launch vehicle known as Spyder, with support from NASA.[8]

On July 31, 2018, UP Aerospace announced it had been awarded a 5-year IDIQ launch contract by NASA under Flight Opportunities Program. The contract calls for UP Aerospace to conduct suborbital rocket flights for NASA using its SpaceLoft XL rocket. This was the third contract of this type awarded to UP Aerospace by NASA. UP Aerospace had conducted, up to 31 July 2018, 7 launches for NASA under the Flight Opportunities program since 2012.[9][10]

Launches

Completed Launches

As of 23 November 2019, UP Aerospace has made 18 launches, including 13 with the SpaceLoft XL rocket. Most launches have been successful. All launches have been suborbital and all launches have taken place from Spaceport America.

Maiden launch of SpaceLoft XL took place on 25 September 2006.

On April 28, 2007, some of the cremated remains of actor James Doohan, who played Chief Engineer Scott on the 1960s television series Star Trek, and from astronaut Gordon Cooper, were rocketed into suborbital space (along with ashes of about 200 other people) by UP Aerospace from Spaceport America. This was the first successful launch from the site.[11] The payload container was recovered 18 May 2007.[12]

By August 2007, UP Aerospace began offering low-cost launches to youth and students through the Space Generation Advisory Council for as low as US$2,000 per experiment. From 2008, the Space Generation Advisory Council hosted a range of competitions for youth to address specific technical or logistical challenges through the design of their own UP Aerospace TinySat module.[13]

In April 2008, UP Aerospace was hired by the large US aerospace company Lockheed Martin to provide launch services at Spaceport America for a test rocket program. Lockheed Martin stated that they are trying to create a lower-cost-to-orbit cargo service, using a winged vehicle launched atop a land-based rocket. UP Aerospace and the New Mexico location were chosen to aid in testing prototype systems. UP Aerospace was chosen, particularly, because of their experience launching rockets at Spaceport America.[14]

UP Aerospace conducted their 6th sub-orbital launch on April 5, 2012. Called SpaceLoft 6, it was contracted by the Department of Defense (ORS) office. The vehicle also carried on board an experiment from NASA's Flight Opportunities Program. The Spaceloft XL rocket launch set a new Spaceport America record at the time, reaching an altitude of 385,640 feet.[15]

UP Aerospace SL-7 launch took place on June 21, 2013. The vehicle carried 7 payloads for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program and the cremated remains for 39 individuals. This successful flight reached an altitude of 73.9 miles. All payloads were recovered on White Sands Range.[16]

UP Aerospace SL-8 launch on November 12 took place at Spaceport America and reached 385,000 feet. On board were experiments sponsored by NASA's Flight Opportunities Program.[17] Brian Barnett, Satwest President, led a team of Albuquerque students that sent the first commercial text messages to space using a Satwest satellite phone inside one of eight payloads carried by the SL-8. This technology has later been incorporated into Solstar Space. SpaceLoft XL 8 was the second fully manifested launch for the Flight Opportunities Program.[18][19]

UP Aerospace SL-9 took place at Spaceport America on October 23, 2014. After a 3-day weather hold, the rocket was launched reaching 408,035 feet (77.25 miles). The NASA Flight Opportunities supported Launch Carried 4 Technology Payloads. Also on board were cremations of 30 individuals provided through Celestis memorial spaceflights as well as an experiment from a private company.[20]

UP Aerospace SL-10 mission launched on November 6, 2015, from Spaceport America. The SpaceLoft XL suborbital sounding rocket carried four technology experiments for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program to an altitude of approximately 75 miles (120 km). For the first time for UP Aerospace the payload experiments were separated from the rocket for an independent re-entry and were recovered 30 miles downrange after parachuting down individually.[21]

UP Aerospace SL-12 mission launched on September 12, 2018, from Spaceport America. The SpaceLoft XL suborbital sounding rocket carried three technology demonstration payloads for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program. The payloads were an umbrella-like heat shield called Adaptable Deployable Entry and Placement Technology (ADEPT), the Suborbital Flight Environment Monitor (SFEM-3) and the Autonomous Flight Termination System (AFTS). Reached an altitude of 114 km (70.84 miles).[22]

UP Aerospace SL-11 mission was launched on September 17, 2018, from Spaceport America, just five days after the previous flight. The SpaceLoft XL suborbital sounding rocket carried technology demonstration payloads for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program. Also on-board was Celestis-15 Starseeker. Reached an altitude of 114 km (70.84 miles).[23]

UP Aerospace SL-14 mission was launched on November 22, 2019, from Spaceport America. The SpaceLoft XL suborbital sounding rocket carried payloads for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program. Reached an altitude of 92 km (57 mi).[24]

Future Launches

UP Aerospace has plans for future launches with a number of their clients.

On November 29, 2022, it was announced that they would be flying Celestis' 19th mission. They are using the SpaceLoft XL suborbital sounding rocket as the vehicle. A launch is planned to take place Wednesday, November 30, 2022;[25] however, it was scrubbed Tuesday night with plans to launch Thursday, December 1, 2022, instead. As of 10 January 2023, the launch has not happened.

Table of Launches Completed and Future

Launch Date (UTC) Vehicle Payload Launch pad Result Remarks
1 SL-1 September 25, 2006[26] SpaceLoft XL Various UA launch tower Failure The [unsuccessful] maiden launch of a SpaceLoft XL rocket by UP Aerospace.[27] It veered off course and lost control shortly after lift-off.[26]
2 SL-2 April 28, 2007 SpaceLoft XL Celestis-06 Legacy and other payloads UA launch tower Success

The first successful launch, a second Spaceloft XL, primarily carried cremated human remains, including those of astronaut Gordon Cooper and Star Trek actor James Doohan.[28]

3 December 19, 2007[29][30] Proprietary test vehicle Technology Demonstration UA launch tower Success Low-altitude atmospheric test flight not intended to reach space. Reached a maximum altitude of 2,500 feet.[29][30]
4 December 2007 [31] Space plane prototype[32] None UA launch tower Success Proprietary technology launch for Lockheed Martin.
5 August 12, 2008 [33] Space plane prototype None UA launch tower Success (Spaceport America & UP Aerospace view)[33] Anomalous (Lockheed-Martin view)[32] Proprietary technology launch for Lockheed Martin.
6 SL-3 May 2, 2009 [34] SpaceLoft XL New Mexico student payloads
Celestis-08 Discovery		 UA launch tower Anomalous

"Education opportunity for New Mexico students to design experiments that use the environment of suborbital space to answer scientific and engineering questions".[34] The craft failed to reach space.[35][36]

7 August 4, 2009 [6] Black Watch[37] ground-launched UAV prototype [38] UA launch tower Success Test flight launch for Florida-based Moog-FTS.[6]
8 10 October 2009[6] "reusable rocket plane"[39] Lockheed proprietary payload UA launch tower Success Test of "proprietary advanced launch technologies" for Lockheed Martin.[6]
9 SL-4 May 4, 2010 SpaceLoft XL Various, Celestis-09 Pioneer UA launch tower Success UP Aerospace successfully launched the 4th SpaceLoft Rocket 70 miles into space. The vehicle spent four minutes in the weightlessness of space before landing on the neighboring White Sands Missile Range.
10 SL-5 May 20, 2011 SpaceLoft XL Various, Celestis-10 Goddard UA launch tower Success The vehicle performed a flawless mission reaching a Spaceport America record setting altitude of 73.5 miles (118 km) into space.[40]
11 SL-6 April 5, 2012 SpaceLoft XL Various UA launch tower Success Included first launch of experimental payloads for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program, and Department of Defense experiments.[41]
12 SL-7 June 21, 2013 SpaceLoft XL NASA (Flight Opportunities Program), Celestis-12 Centennial UA launch tower Success First fully manifested launch for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program. Set new Spaceport America altitude record of 73.9 miles.[42]
13 SL-8 November 12, 2013 SpaceLoft XL NASA (Flight Opportunities Program) UA launch tower Success Second fully manifested launch for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program. Reached altitude of 384,100 feet (72.75 miles).[42]
14 SL-9 October 23, 2014 SpaceLoft XL NASA (Flight Opportunities Program), Celestis-13 Conestoga UA launch tower Success Third fully manifested launch for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program. Set new Spaceport America altitude record of 408,035 feet (124.369 km/77.25 miles).[42]
15 SL-10 November 6, 2015 SpaceLoft XL NASA (Flight Opportunities Program), Celestis-14 Tribute UA launch tower Success First private sounding rocket to demonstrate ejection of independently recovered payloads. Reached an altitude of 120.7 km (74.98 miles).[43]
16 SL-12 September 12, 2018 SpaceLoft XL NASA (Flight Opportunities Program) UA launch tower Success Three NASA technology demonstration payloads launched, an umbrella-like heat shield called Adaptable Deployable Entry and Placement Technology (ADEPT), the Suborbital Flight Environment Monitor (SFEM-3) and the Autonomous Flight Termination System (AFTS). Reached an altitude of 114 km (70.84 miles).[22]
17 SL-11 September 17, 2018 SpaceLoft XL NASA (Flight Opportunities Program), Celestis-15 Starseeker UA launch tower Success Sixth fully manifested launch for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program and Celestis-Mission Starseeker. Reached an altitude of 114 km (70.84 miles).[44]
18 SL-14 November 22, 2019 15:19 SpaceLoft XL NASA FOP-7 (Flight Opportunities Program 7), ADS-B experiment UA launch tower Success Seventh launch for NASA's Flight Opportunities Program. Reached an altitude of 92 kilometres (57 mi).[45]
19 SL-16 August 11, 2021 14:44 SpaceLoft XL ReDX-1 UA launch tower Success ReDX-1 mission for the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Reached an altitude of 100 kilometres (62 mi).[46]
20 SL-17 May 1, 2023 16:45 SpaceLoft XL NASA FOP-8 (Flight Opportunities Program-8), Celestis-18 Aurora UA launch tower Failure Celestis' mission included a memorial for Philip Kenyon Chapman, an Australian-American astronaut and scientist.[47] NASA's FOP-8 consisted of 13 payloads selected from the NASA's TechRise Student Challenge. The rocket exploded moments after liftoff.[48]

Products

References

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  2. ^ "About". UP Aerospace Inc.
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External links

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