To install click the Add extension button. That's it.

The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time.

How to transfigure the Wikipedia

Would you like Wikipedia to always look as professional and up-to-date? We have created a browser extension. It will enhance any encyclopedic page you visit with the magic of the WIKI 2 technology.

Try it — you can delete it anytime.

Install in 5 seconds
4,5
Kelly Slayton
Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea!
Alexander Grigorievskiy
I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like.
What we do. Every page goes through several hundred of perfecting techniques; in live mode. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better.
Great Wikipedia has got greater.
.
Leo
Newton
Brights
Milds

Tragopogon

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Goatsbeards
Purple salsify
(Tragopogon porrifolius)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Cichorioideae
Tribe: Cichorieae
Subtribe: Scorzonerinae
Genus: Tragopogon
L.
Type species
Tragopogon porrifolius
Synonyms[3]

Chromopappus Boriss.

Tragopogon, also known as goatsbeard[4] or salsify, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It includes the vegetable known as salsify, as well as a number of common wild flowers.

Salsifies are forbs growing as biennial or perennial plants. They have a strong taproot and milky sap. They generally have few branches, and those there are tend to be upright. Their leaves are somewhat grass-like. Flower colour varies within the genus, with some yellow species, and some bronze or purple. Seeds are achenes and are borne in a globe like that of a dandelion but larger, and are dispersed by the wind.

The salsifies are mostly natives of Europe and Asia, but several species have been introduced into North America and Australia and have spread widely there. There is one species sometimes considered native to North America, Tragopogon mirus, but it is in fact a hybrid of two non-native species.[5]

Some of the more common species of Tragopogon are known, in the regions where they are most common, by the common names goat's beard, goatsbeard, salsify, or common salsify, without further qualification. These names are therefore inherently ambiguous, and best avoided, or reserved for the genus collectively. In the species list below, the first common name given is the one that seems to be most widely used for that species and is not in significant use for any other species.

The vegetable called salsify is usually the root of the purple salsify, Tragopogon porrifolius; the root is described as having the taste of oysters (hence the alternative common name "oyster plant" for some species in this genus), but more insipid with a touch of sweetness. The young shoots of purple salsify can also be eaten, as well as young leaves [1]. Other species are also used in the same way, including the black or Spanish salsify, Scorzonera hispanica, which is closely related though not a member of the genus Tragopogon.

YouTube Encyclopedic

  • 1/5
    Views:
    19 717
    948
    826
    2 316
    321
  • Tragopogon: Understanding the evolution of polyploidy
  • SALSIFY (Tragopogon dubius)
  • Western Salsify (Tragopogon dubius)
  • Salsify (Tragopogon spp.)
  • Gele morgenster (Tragopogon pratensis subsp. pratensis) - 2017-05-09

Transcription

Etymology

The name Tragopogon comes from Ancient Greek τράγος (trágos) 'billy goat', and πώγων (pṓgōn) 'beard'.[6]

Hybrid speciation

Salsifies are one example where hybrid speciation has been observed.[7][8] In the early 1900s, humans introduced three species of goatsbeard into North America. These species, the western salsify (T. dubius), the meadow salsify (T. pratensis), and the oyster plant (T. porrifolius), are now common in urban areas. In the 1950s, botanists found two new species in the regions of Idaho and Washington, where the three already known species overlapped. One new species, Tragopogon miscellus, is a tetraploid hybrid of T. dubius and T. pratensis. The other species, Tragopogon mirus, is also an allopolyploid, but its ancestors were T. dubius and T. porrifolius. These new species are usually referred to as "the Ownbey hybrids" after the botanist who first described them. The T. mirus population grows mainly by reproduction of its own members, but additional episodes of hybrid speciation continue to add to the T. mirus population.[9]

Species

Accepted species[10][11][12]

<i>T. acanthocarpus</i> Boiss
<i>T. afghanicus</i> Rech.f. & Köie
<i>T. agrostiphyllus</i> Rech.f. & Köie
<i>T. alaicus</i> Nikitin
<i>T. albinerve</i> Freyn & Sint.
<i>T. albomarginatus</i> Kitam.
<i>T. altaicus</i> S.A.Nikitin & Schischk.
<i>T. angustissimus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. armeniacus</i> Kuth.
<i>T. artemczukii</i> Klokov
<i>T. aureus</i> Boiss.
<i>T. badachschanicus</i> Boriss.
<i>T. bakhtiaricus</i> Rech.f.
<i>T. balcanicus</i> Velen.
<i>T. barbirostris</i> Bisch.
<i>T. bjelorussicus</i> Artemczuk
<i>T. bornmuelleri</i> G.B.Ownbey & Rech.f.
<i>T. capitatus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. castellanus</i> Levier
<i>T. cazorlanum</i> C.Díaz & Blanca
<i>T. charadzeae</i> Kuth.
<i>T. clavulatus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. coelesyriacus</i> Boiss.
<i>T. colchicus</i> Albov ex Grossh.
<i>T. collinus</i> DC.
<i>T. coloratus</i> C.A.Mey.
<i>T. conduplicatus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. cretaceus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. crocifolius</i> L.
<i>T. cupani</i> Guss. ex DC.
<i>T. dasyrhynchus</i> Artemczuk
<i>T. dolichocarpus</i> Klokov
<i>T. duarius</i> Chenev.
<i>T. dubianskyi</i> Krasch. & S.A.Nikitin
T. dubius Scop. – western salsify, western goat's beard, wild oysterplant, yellow salsify, yellow goat's beard, meadow goat's beard, goat's beard, goatsbeard, common salsify, salsify
<i>T. elatior</i> Steven
<i>T. elongatus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. erostris</i> Boiss. & Hausskn.
<i>T. fibrosum</i> Freyn & Sint. ex Freyn
<i>T. filifolius</i> Rehm. ex Boiss.
<i>T. flexuosus</i> Sosn. ex Grossh.
<i>T. floccosus</i> Waldst. & Kit. – woolly goatsbeard
<i>T. gaudanicus</i> Boriss.
<i>T. glabrum</i> G.Nicholson
<i>T. gongylorrhizus</i> Rech.f.
T. gorskianus Rchb.f.
<i>T. gracilis</i> D.Don
<i>T. graminifolius</i> DC.
<i>T. hayekii</i> (Soó) I.Richardson
<i>T. heteropappus</i> C.H.An
<i>T. hortensis</i> Focke
<i>T. humilis</i> Fisch.
T. hybridus L. – pasture goatsbeard
<i>T. idae</i> Kuth.
<i>T. iranicus</i> Rech.f.
<i>T. jesdianus</i> Boiss. & Buhse
<i>T. karelinii</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. karjaginii</i> Kuth.
<i>T. kasahstanicus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. kashmirianus</i> G.Singh
<i>T. kemulariae</i> Kuth.
<i>T. ketzkhovelii</i> Kuth.
<i>T. khorasanicus</i> Rech.f.
<i>T. kindingeri</i> Adamov
<i>T. kopetdaghensis</i> Boriss.
<i>T. krascheninnikovii</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. kultiassovii</i> Popov ex S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. kurdicus</i> Blakelock
<i>T. kurdistanicus</i> Chrtek & Hadač
<i>T. lassithicus</i> Rech.f.
<i>T. latifolius</i> Boiss.
<i>T. leiorhynchus</i> Klokov
<i>T. leonidae</i> Kuth.
<i>T. leucanthus</i> Rech.f.
<i>T. lamottei</i> Rouy – jack-go-to-bed-at-noon
<i>T. makaschwilii</i> Kuth.
<i>T. malikus</i> S.A.Nikitin

 

<i>T. marginatus</i> Pavlov
<i>T. melanantherus</i> Klokov
<i>T. meskheticus</i> Kuth.
<i>T. minor</i> Mill.
<i>T. mirabilis</i> Rouy – Ontario goatsbeard
T. mirus Ownbey – remarkable goatsbeard
T. miscellus Ownbey – hybrid goat's-beard, Moscow salsify
<i>T. moldavicus</i> Klokov
<i>T. montanus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. mutabilis</i> Jacq.
<i>T. nebrodensis</i> Guss.
<i>T. neglectum</i> Hausskn.
<i>T. olympicus</i> Boiss.
T. orientalis L.
<i>T. otschiaurii</i> Kuth.
<i>T. paradoxus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. parviflorus</i> Trev.
<i>T. perpusillus</i> Arv.-Touv.
<i>T. persicus</i> Boiss.
<i>T. phaeus</i> Focke
<i>T. pichlerii</i> Boiss.
<i>T. porphyrocephalus</i> Rech.f.
T. porrifolius L. – salsify, purple salsify, oyster plant, common salsify, goatsbeard
<i>T. praecox</i> Focke
T. pratensis L. – jack-go-to-bed-at-noon, meadow salsify or goatsbeard
<i>T. pseudocastellanus</i> Blanca & C.Díaz
<i>T. pseudomajus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. pterodes</i> Pančić
<i>T. pubescens</i> Kit.
<i>T. pusillus</i> M.Bieb.
<i>T. rechingeri</i> G.B.Ownbey
<i>T. reticulatus</i> Boiss. & A.Huet
<i>T. rezaiyensis</i> Rech.f.
<i>T. rhodanthus</i> Sweet
<i>T. ruber</i> S.G.Gmel.
<i>T. rumelicum</i> Velen.
<i>T. ruthenicus</i> Besser ex Claus
<i>T. sabulosus</i> Krasch. & S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. samaritani</i> Heldr. & Sart.
<i>T. savranicus</i> Sobko
<i>T. scopoli</i> Vill.
<i>T. segetus</i> Kuth.
<i>T. serawschanicus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. sibiricus</i> Ganesch.
<i>T. silesiacus</i> Krock.
<i>T. soltisiorum</i> Mavrodiev
<i>T. songoricus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. sosnowskyi</i> Kuth.
<i>T. stribrnyi</i> Hayek
<i>T. stroterocarpus</i> Rech.f.
<i>T. subacaulis</i> O.Schwarz
<i>T. subalpinus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. tanaiticus</i> Artemczuk
<i>T. tasch-kala</i> Kuth.
<i>T. tauricus</i> Klokov
<i>T. tesquicola</i> Klokov
<i>T. tomentosulus</i> Boriss.
<i>T. tommasinii</i> Sch.Bip.
<i>T. trachycarpus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. transcarpaticus</i> Klokov
<i>T. transsilvanicus</i> Hayek
<i>T. turkestanicus</i> S.A.Nikitin
<i>T. ucrainicus</i> Artemczuk
<i>T. vaginatus</i> G.B.Ownbey & Rech.f.
<i>T. verrucosobracteatus</i> C.H.An
<i>T. villosus</i> L.
<i>T. vulgaris</i> Gueldenst.
<i>T. vvedenskyi</i> Popov
<i>T. xanthantherus</i> Klokov
<i>T. × crantzii</i> Dichlt. – Crantz's salsify
    [ dubius × pratensis ]
<i>T. × neohybridus</i> Farw. – newhybrid salsify
    [ porrifolius × pratensis ]

Formerly included[3]

The following species were once included in Tragopogon and are now regarded as better suited to other genera: Agoseris, Geropogon, Krigia, Lasiospora, Nothocalais, Podospermum, Scorzonera, Taraxacum, and Urospermum.

References

  1. ^ lectotype designated by C. Díaz de la Guardia Guerrero et G. Blanca López, Regnum Veg. 127: 95 (1993)
  2. ^ Tropicos, Tragopogon L.
  3. ^ a b Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist 
  4. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Tragopogon". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  5. ^ "2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps". Biota of North America Program. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  6. ^ Neill, Amanda (2005). A Dictionary of Common Wildflowers of Texas & the Southern Great Plains. Fort Worth: TCU Press. p. 155.
  7. ^ Ownbey, M. 1950. Natural hybrid speciation and amphiploidy in the genus Tragopogon. American Journal of Botany 37:487–499.
  8. ^ S.J. Novak, D.E. Soltis, & P.S. Soltis. 1991. Ownbey's Tragopogons Forty Years Later. American Journal of Botany 78:1586–1600.
  9. ^ Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Pires, J. C., Kovarik, A., Tate, J. A., & Mavrodiev, E. (2004). Recent and recurrent polyploidy in Tragopogon (Asteraceae): cytogenetic, genomic and genetic comparisons. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 82, 485–501.
  10. ^ "Name – Tragopogon L. subordinate taxa". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved February 10, 2010.
  11. ^ GRIN. "Species in GRIN for genus Tragopogon". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Retrieved February 10, 2010.
  12. ^ National Plant Data Center. "PLANTS Profile for Tragopogon (goatsbeard)". PLANTS. USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved February 10, 2010.

External links

This page was last edited on 24 April 2023, at 00:27
Basis of this page is in Wikipedia. Text is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License. Non-text media are available under their specified licenses. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. WIKI 2 is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wikimedia Foundation.
Contact WIKI 2
Introduction
Terms of Service
Privacy Policy