This is a timeline of the Ilkhanate.
YouTube Encyclopedic
-
1/4Views:360 81783 9334 619 24312 329
-
The Rise and Fall of the Mongol Empire
-
Growth of the Mongol Empire, 1206-1294 ✔
-
Wait For It...The Mongols!: Crash Course World History #17
-
Timur | World History | Khan Academy
Transcription
13th century
1210s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1217 | 15 October | Hulagu Khan is born to Tolui and Sorghaghtani Beki[1] |
| 1218 | autumn | Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Muhammad II of Khwarezm's forces clash with a Mongol army led by Jochi and Subutai, the battle ending inconclusively[2] |
| winter | Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: A Muslim merchant delegation sent by Genghis Khan arrives at Otrar and the governor Inalchuq kills them, seizing their goods for himself; a sole survivor reaches Mongolia and alerts Genghis, who sends three more envoys to demand custody of Inalchuq - they are also killed[2] | |
| 1219 | fall | Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Ögedei and Chagatai take Otrar and massacres its population; Genghis Khan dispatches Jochi to conquer Syr Darya and another army to conquer Fergana[3] |
1220s
1230s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1231 | August | Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Chormaqan defeats Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu, who escapes only to be killed by an unknown Kurd; so ends the Khwarazmian dynasty[4] |
| 1232 | Tolui is struck by sickness and dies[6] | |
| 1236 | Mongol invasions of Georgia: Chormaqan subjugates Georgia and Armenia[7] |
1240s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1242 | Mongol invasions of Anatolia: Mongols take Erzurum[8] | |
| 1243 | 26 June | Battle of Köse Dağ: Baiju defeats Kaykhusraw II and subjugates the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia[9] |
| 1244 | The Ayyubid dynasty gives tribute to the Mongols[8] | |
| Badr al-Din Lu'lu' of Mosul submits to the Mongol Empire[10] |
1250s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1251 | fall | Möngke Khan places Hulagu Khan in charge of North China[1] |
| 1252 | summer | Möngke Khan charges Hulagu Khan with the invasion of taking Baghdad[11] |
| 1256 | 20 November | Hulagu Khan takes Alamut from the Assassins[1] |
| Mongols defeat Kaykaus II at Aksaray and enthrone Kilij Arslan IV[12] | ||
| 1258 | 17 January | Siege of Baghdad (1258): Hulagu Khan sends a Mongol contingent across the Tigris River which suffers a defeat against Aybak[13] |
| 18 January | Siege of Baghdad (1258): Baiju floods the enemy camp and attacks, driving them back[13] | |
| 29 January | Siege of Baghdad (1258): Hulagu Khan lays siege to Baghdad[13] | |
| 1 February | Siege of Baghdad (1258): Mongol siege weapons breach Baghdad's Ajami tower[14] | |
| 3 February | Siege of Baghdad (1258): Mongol forces take Baghdad's walls[14] | |
| 10 February | Siege of Baghdad (1258): Al-Musta'sim, his sons, and 3,000 dignitaries surrender[14] | |
| 13 February | Siege of Baghdad (1258): Mongols sack Baghdad[14] | |
| 20 February | Siege of Baghdad (1258): Al-Musta'sim and his family are executed; so ends the first Abbasid Caliphate[14] | |
| Hulagu Khan takes the title of Ilkhan, meaning "obedient khan"[14] | ||
| March | Öljei Khatun's brother Bukha-Temur sacks Wasit[1] |
1260s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1260 | January | Siege of Aleppo (1260): Hulagu Khan takes Aleppo from An-Nasir Yusuf; so ends the Ayyubid dynasty[1] |
| The Principality of Antioch submits to the Mongol Empire[15] | ||
| 6 June | Hulagu Khan receives news of Möngke Khan's death and retreats to Ahlat[16] | |
| 26 July | Battle of Ain Jalut: Qutuz of the Mamluks advance into Palestine and drive the Mongols from Gaza[16] | |
| spring | Hulagu Khan's son Yoshmut and commander Elege of the Jalayir take Mayyafaraqin and Mardin[1] | |
| August | Kitbuqa sacks Sidon[15] | |
| 3 September | Battle of Ain Jalut: Qutuz of the Mamluks defeats Mongol forces under Kitbuqa and push them back to the Euphrates[16] | |
| 10 December | First Battle of Homs: Baibars defeats a Mongol expedition into Syria[1] | |
| Toluid Civil War: Berke of the Golden Horde allies with Ariq Böke and declares war on Hulagu Khan[17] | ||
| 1261 | Mosul and Cizre rebel[1] | |
| 1262 | summer | Rebellions in Mosul and Cizre are suppressed[1] |
| November | Hulagu Khan kills his vizier Saif-ud-Din Bitigchi and replaces him with Shams al-Din Juvayni[18] | |
| Berke–Hulagu war: Berke of the Golden Horde allies with the Mamluks and invades Azerbaijan[17] | ||
| Hulagu Khan gives Khorasan and Mazandaran to his son Abaqa and Azerbaijan to his other son Yoshmut[18] | ||
| 1263 | 13 January | Berke–Hulagu war: Berke defeats Hulagu Khan's army on the Terek River[18] |
| 1265 | 8 February | Hulagu Khan dies and is succeeded by his son Abaqa Khan[19] |
| 1266 | Berke–Hulagu war: Berke dies in Tbilisi and is succeeded by his grandnephew Mengu-Timur[19] |
1270s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1270 | Ghiyas-ud-din Baraq of the Chagatai Khanate invades the Ilkhanate but suffers defeat at the battle of Qara-Su near Herat[20] | |
| 1271 | Samagar raids Qalaat al-Madiq[21] | |
| 1273 | January | Yisüder, brother of Abaqa, sacks Bukhara[22] |
| 1277 | 15 April | Battle of Elbistan: Mamluks defeat Mongol forces at Elbistan[19] |
1280s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1281 | 29 October | Second Battle of Homs: Abaqa's brother Möngke Temur is defeated by Mamluk forces[19] |
| 1282 | Abaqa dies and is succeeded by his brother Tekuder, a Muslim[19] | |
| 1284 | Arghun, son of Abaqa, deposes Tekuder[19] |
1290s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1290 | Golden Horde attacks Ilkhanate but is defeated by Arghun[19] | |
| Nawrūz rebels and fails[19] | ||
| 1291 | 7 March | Arghun is murdered by the very unpleasant Taghachar of the Baarin, who then enthrones Gaykhatu, Arghun's brother[19] |
| 1294 | Gaykhatu copies the Yuan dynasty and tries to introduce paper money, which fails fantastically[19] | |
| 1295 | Taghachar deposes Gaykhatu and enthrones Baydu[19] | |
| October | Ghazan, son of Arghun, deposes Baydu and becomes ruler; also a Muslim[19] | |
| 1299 | 22–23 December | Battle of Wadi al-Khazandar: Ghazan defeats An-Nasir Muhammad of the Mamluks[23] |
14th century
1300s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1301 | Ghazan makes a failed attempt to take Aleppo[24] | |
| 1303 | 20 April | Battle of Marj al-Saffar (1303): Mongol army under Kutlushah is defeated by the Mamluks[24] |
| 1304 | 11 May | Ghazan dies and is succeeded by his brother Öljaitü[19] |
| 1307 | June | Ilkhanate tributizes Gilan, Ghazni, and Sistan[22] |
| 1308 | winter | Öljaitü converts to Twelver Shi'ism[22] |
1310s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1310 | Kurds and Arabs in Erbil massacre the Christian population with the Ilkhanate's permission[10] | |
| 1312 | Ilkhanate seizes Ghazni[25] | |
| 1316 | Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war: Conflict breaks out between the Chagatai Khanate and the Yuan dynasty and Ilkhanate[26] | |
| 16 December | Öljaitü dies and is succeeded by his son Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan[22] | |
| 1318 | Chagataid elements rebel in Khorasan[22] | |
| Öz Beg Khan attacks the Ilkhanate[22] | ||
| 1319 | 13 July | Chupan defeats Mongol rebellions at the battle of Zanjan-Rud[22] |
1320s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1323 | Ilkhanate makes peace with the Mamluk Sultunate[22] |
1330s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1335 | 30 November | Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan dies and Ghiyas al-Din ibn Rashid al-Din enthrones Arpa Ke'un, a descendant of Ariq Böke; effective end of the Ilkhanate[27] |
| 1336 | Arpa Ke'un is defeated by 'Ali Padsah of Baghdad, who enthrones Musa[27] | |
| 1337 | Musa is deposed by Hasan Buzurg, who enthrones Muhammad Khan[27] | |
| 1338 | Muhammad Khan is deposed by Hasan Kuchak, who enthrones Jahan Temür[27] |
1340s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1346 | Black Plague spreads to the Ilkhanate[27] |
1350s
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1356 | Shaikh Awais Jalayir sets up his own Jalairid Sultanate; so ends the Ilkhanate[27] |
See also
- Timeline of the Yuan dynasty
- Timeline of the Chagatai Khanate
- Timeline of the Golden Horde
- Timeline of the Mongol Empire
- Timeline of Mongols prior to the Mongol Empire
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Atwood 2004, p. 225.
- ^ a b Atwood 2004, p. 431.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Atwood 2004, p. 307.
- ^ a b Atwood 2004, p. 308.
- ^ Atwood 2004, p. 81.
- ^ Twitchett 1994, p. 372.
- ^ Atwood 2004, p. 196.
- ^ a b Jackson 2005, p. 74.
- ^ Atwood 2004, p. 331.
- ^ a b Atwood 2004, p. 323.
- ^ Twitchett 1994, p. 405.
- ^ Jackson 2005, p. 116.
- ^ a b c Atwood 2004, p. 28.
- ^ a b c d e f Atwood 2004, p. 29.
- ^ a b Jackson 2005, p. 117.
- ^ a b c Atwood 2004, p. 6.
- ^ a b Twitchett 1994, p. 412.
- ^ a b c Atwood 2004, p. 226.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Atwood 2004, p. 234.
- ^ Atwood 2004, p. 231.
- ^ Jackson 2005, p. 167.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Atwood 2004, p. 235.
- ^ Atwood 2004, p. 341.
- ^ a b Jackson 2005, p. 170.
- ^ Atwood 2004, p. 86.
- ^ Twitchett 1994, p. 504.
- ^ a b c d e f Atwood 2004, p. 236.
Bibliography
- Andrade, Tonio (2016), The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-13597-7.
- Asimov, M.S. (1998), History of civilizations of Central Asia Volume IV The age of achievement: A.D. 750 to the end of the fifteenth century Part One The historical, social and economic setting, UNESCO Publishing
- Atwood, Christopher P. (2004), Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, Facts On File
- Barfield, Thomas (1989), The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China, Basil Blackwell
- Barrett, Timothy Hugh (2008), The Woman Who Discovered Printing, Great Britain: Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-12728-7 (alk. paper)
- Beckwith, Christopher I. (2009), Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-13589-2
- Beckwith, Christopher I (1987), The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese during the Early Middle Ages, Princeton University Press
- Biran, Michal (2005), The Empire of the Qara Khitai in Eurasian History: Between China and the Islamic World, Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521842263
- Bregel, Yuri (2003), An Historical Atlas of Central Asia, Brill
- Drompp, Michael Robert (2005), Tang China And The Collapse Of The Uighur Empire: A Documentary History, Brill
- Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-66991-X (paperback).
- Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, ISBN 0-618-13384-4
- Golden, Peter B. (1992), An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State-Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East, OTTO HARRASSOWITZ · WIESBADEN
- Graff, David A. (2002), Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900, Warfare and History, London: Routledge, ISBN 0415239559
- Graff, David Andrew (2016), The Eurasian Way of War Military Practice in Seventh-Century China and Byzantium, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-46034-7.
- Haywood, John (1998), Historical Atlas of the Medieval World, AD 600-1492, Barnes & Noble
- Jackson, Peter (2005), The Mongols and the West, Pearson Education Limited
- Latourette, Kenneth Scott (1964), The Chinese, their history and culture, Volumes 1-2, Macmillan
- Lorge, Peter A. (2008), The Asian Military Revolution: from Gunpowder to the Bomb, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-60954-8
- Luttwak, Edward N. (2009), The Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press
- Millward, James (2009), Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang, Columbia University Press
- Mote, F. W. (2003), Imperial China: 900–1800, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0674012127
- Needham, Joseph (1986), Science & Civilisation in China, vol. V:7: The Gunpowder Epic, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-30358-3
- Rong, Xinjiang (2013), Eighteen Lectures on Dunhuang, Brill
- Schafer, Edward H. (1985), The Golden Peaches of Samarkand: A study of T'ang Exotics, University of California Press
- Shaban, M. A. (1979), The ʿAbbāsid Revolution, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-29534-3
- Sinor, Denis (1990), The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, Volume 1, Cambridge University Press
- Sima, Guang (2015), Bóyángbǎn Zīzhìtōngjiàn 54 huánghòu shīzōng 柏楊版資治通鑑54皇后The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, Volume 1, Yuǎnliú chūbǎnshìyè gǔfèn yǒuxiàn gōngsī, ISBN 978-957-32-0876-1
- Skaff, Jonathan Karam (2012), Sui-Tang China and Its Turko-Mongol Neighbors: Culture, Power, and Connections, 580-800 (Oxford Studies in Early Empires), Oxford University Press
- Standen, Naomi (2007), Unbounded Loyalty Frontier Crossings in Liao China, University of Hawai'i Press
- Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman (1997), Liao Architecture, University of Hawaii Press
- Twitchett, Denis C. (1979), The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 3, Sui and T'ang China, 589–906, Cambridge University Press
- Twitchett, Denis (1994), "The Liao", The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6, Alien Regime and Border States, 907-1368, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 43–153, ISBN 0521243319
- Twitchett, Denis (2009), The Cambridge History of China Volume 5 The Sung dynasty and its Predecessors, 907-1279, Cambridge University Press
- Wang, Zhenping (2013), Tang China in Multi-Polar Asia: A History of Diplomacy and War, University of Hawaii Press
- Wilkinson, Endymion (2015). Chinese History: A New Manual, 4th edition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center distributed by Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674088467.
- Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2000), Sui-Tang Chang'an: A Study in the Urban History of Late Medieval China (Michigan Monographs in Chinese Studies), U OF M CENTER FOR CHINESE STUDIES, ISBN 0892641371
- Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009), Historical Dictionary of Medieval China, United States of America: Scarecrow Press, Inc., ISBN 978-0810860537
- Xu, Elina-Qian (2005), HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRE-DYNASTIC KHITAN, Institute for Asian and African Studies 7
- Xue, Zongzheng (1992), Turkic peoples, 中国社会科学出版社
- Yuan, Shu (2001), Bóyángbǎn Tōngjiàn jìshìběnmò 28 dìèrcìhuànguánshídài 柏楊版通鑑記事本末28第二次宦官時代, Yuǎnliú chūbǎnshìyè gǔfèn yǒuxiàn gōngsī, ISBN 957-32-4273-7
- Yule, Henry (1915), Cathay and the Way Thither: Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China, Vol I: Preliminary Essay on the Intercourse Between China and the Western Nations Previous to the Discovery of the Cape Route, Hakluyt Society
This page was last edited on 8 May 2023, at 06:31