The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Asmara, Eritrea. Asmara was under Italian colonial rule from 1889 until 1941.
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Transcription
Prior to 20th century
| History of Eritrea |
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 Eritrea portal |
- circa 1515 CE - Four villages merge to become "Asmera" (traditional date).[1]
- 16th century - Asmara sacked by Muslim forces.[1]
- 1889 - 3 August: Asmara occupied by Italian forces under command of Baldissera.[2]
- 1895 - Governor's Palace built.[3]
- 1900 - Capital of colonial Italian Eritrea moved to Asmara from Massawa.[4]
20th century
- 1905 - Congresso Coloniale Italiano held in Asmara.[5]
- 1906 - Asmara Synagogue built.
- 1911 - Ferrovia Massaua-Asmara begins operating; Asmara Station opens.[6]
- 1920
- Teatro Asmara (theatre) opens.
- Population: 14,711.[7]
- 1922 - Airport begins operating.
- 1923 - Church of Our Lady of the Rosary built.
- 1930s - New Governor's Palace built (now City Hall).[8]
- 1935 - Population: 16,000 (12,000 Africans + 4,000 Italians).[9]
- 1936 - Apartheid begins; city racially divided into nazionali (white) and indigeni (black) areas.[10]
- 1937
- Asmara-Massawa Cableway begins operating.
- Albergo CIAAO (hotel) built for the Compagnia Immobiliare Alberghi Africa Orientale.[11]
- Cinema Excelsior and Cinema Teatro Augustus open.[12]
- 1938
- Great Mosque of Asmara, Cicero Stadium, and Fiat Tagliero Building[13] constructed.
- Cinema Impero opens.[12]
- 1939
- Asmara Brewery in business.
- Population: 84,000 (36,000 Africans + 48,000 Italians).[9]
- 1941
- March. British occupy city.[1]
- Asmara Brewery FC (football club) formed.[citation needed]
- 1945 - Red Sea FC (football club) formed.[citation needed]
- 1951 - British occupation ends.[10]
- 1952 - City becomes part of Ethiopia per United Nations decision.[14]
- 1953 - United States military signals intelligence Kagnew Station in operation.
- 1957 - Scuola materna italiana di Asmara (school) active.
- 1958
- Catholic College of the Santa Famiglia founded.
- Denden Stadium opens.
- 1959 - Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Asmara active.[15]
- 1962 - Population: 120,000.[16]
- 1964 - Population: 131,800.[17]
- 1968
- January: Part of 1968 African Cup of Nations football contest held in Asmara.
- University of Asmara active.[10]
- 1969 - Kidane Mehret Cathedral built.
- 1974
- Coordinating Committee of the Armed Forces, Police, and Territorial Army (Derg) in power.[10]
- 28 December: Massacre occurs during the Eritrean War of Independence.
- 1975
- 1985 - Population: 284,748 (estimate).[20]
- 1990
- 1991
- 1993
- 24 May: Asmara becomes capital of independent Eritrea.[24]
- Eri-TV begins broadcasting.[23]
- 1998 - 5 June: Airport bombed by Ethiopian forces during the Eritrean–Ethiopian War.
21st century
- 2002 - Semere Russom becomes mayor of Asmara and administrator of the Central Region.
- 2013 - 21 January: 2013 Eritrean Army mutiny occurs at Eri-TV building.[14]
- 2017 - Italian city centre designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.[25]
- 2018 - Population: 501,203 (estimate).[26]
- 2020 - Rocket attacks.
See also
- Asmara history
- Asmara under Italy, 1889-1941
- Timeline of the Italian Empire
References
- ^ a b c Johnson 2005.
- ^ Treccani 1929.
- ^ Asmara Heritage Project 2016.
- ^ "Eritrea". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. ISBN 0203409957.
- ^ "Il Congresso Coloniale all'Asmara". Rivista geografica italiana e Bollettino della Società di studi geografici e coloniali in Firenze (in Italian). 12. 1905.
- ^ "Achèvement du chemin de fer de Massaoua à Asmara". Annales de géographie (in French). 21. 1912 – via Persee.fr.
- ^ "Italy: Colony of Eritrea". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ Asmara italiana
- ^ a b Podestà 2015.
- ^ a b c d Bereketeab 2003.
- ^ Anderson 2016.
- ^ a b "Movie Theaters in Asmara, Eritrea". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
- ^ "A History of Cities in 50 Buildings", The Guardian, UK, 2015
- ^ a b "Eritrea Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Eritrea". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 5 August 2017.
- ^ "Ethiopia", Statesman's Yearbook, London: Macmillan & Co., 1963. via Google Books
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
- ^ "New gun battles rage in Asmara", New York Times, 20 February 1975
- ^ "Ethiopia Is Said to Seal Off Eritrea City After Fighting", New York Times, 31 July 1975
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b "Eritreans, Fresh From Victory, Must Now Govern", New York Times, 16 June 1991
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants" (PDF). Demographic Yearbook 2010. United Nations Statistics Division. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-07-10.
- ^ a b "Eritrea: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 1857431839.
- ^ "Eritrea Marks Independence After Years Under Ethiopia", New York Times, 25 May 1993
- ^ Africa's 'Little Rome' survives conflict, seeks U.N. accolade, Reuters, 9 March 2016
- ^ "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations
- This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia and Spanish Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 763.
- "Asmara", Enciclopedia Italiana (Treccani) (in Italian), 1929
- Redie Bereketeab (2003). "Asmara, Eritrea". In Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh (eds.). Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
- Karin Caesar; Katarina Rosengren (2003). Analysis of the Situation for Cyclists in Asmara (PDF) (MA). Sweden: Lund University.
- David P. Johnson, Jr. (2005). "Asmara, Eritrea". In Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (eds.). Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 278+. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
- Marie Bridonneau (2006). "Kushet, un village périurbain de l'agglomération d'Asmara: politique d'aménagement et recomposition spatiale". Chroniques yéménites (in French). 13 (13). doi:10.4000/cy.1384 – via Revues.org.
- Edward Denison; et al. (2007) [2003]. Asmara: Africa's Secret Modernist City. Merrell. ISBN 9781858943824.
- Eritrea: National and Cities Urban Profile: Asmara, Massawa & Mendefera. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 2008.
- Belula Tecle-Misghina (2014). Asmara, an urban history. Rome: Edizioni Nuova Cultura. ISBN 978-88-6812-354-3.
- Gian Luca Podestà (2015). "Asmara and Dek'emhare: Cities of Work, Cities of Leisure". Diacronie (21). doi:10.4000/diacronie.1919 – via Revues.org. ISSN 2038-0925.
- Sean Anderson (2016). "Asmara". Modern Architecture and Its Representation in Colonial Eritrea: An In-visible Colony, 1890-1941. Routledge. pp. 69–146. ISBN 978-1-317-09478-4.
- Asmara Heritage Project (2016), Asmara: Africa's Modernist City, Eritrea: Central Region Administration,
Nomination Dossier for UNESCO World Heritage Listing
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Asmara.
- "(Asmara)". Directory of Open Access Journals. UK. (Bibliography of open access articles)
- "(Asmara)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
- "Asmara, Eritrea". BlackPast.org. US.
- "(Asmara)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
- "(Asmara)" – via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
- "(Asmara)" – via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
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This page was last edited on 31 May 2022, at 22:16