TAF4

TAF4
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1H3O, 2P6V
Identifiers
Aliases	TAF4, TAF2C, TAF2C1, TAF4A, TAFII130, TAFII135, TATA-box binding protein associated factor 4, TAFII-135, TAFII-130, TAF(II)135, TAF(II)130
External IDs	OMIM: 601796; MGI: 2152346; HomoloGene: 55723; GeneCards: TAF4; OMA:TAF4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 20 (human)[1] Band 20q13.33 Start 61,953,469 bp[1] End 62,065,881 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2|2 H4 Start 179,553,945 bp[2] End 179,618,439 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right testis left testis skeletal muscle tissue bone marrow cells ventricular zone ovary left ovary ganglionic eminence right ovary right hemisphere of cerebellum Top expressed in secondary oocyte zygote primary oocyte granulocyte neural layer of retina lobe of cerebellum cerebellar vermis human fetus left lung lobe epiblast More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function DNA binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity transcription coactivator activity protein binding protein heterodimerization activity aryl hydrocarbon receptor binding transcription factor binding RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity Cellular component transcription factor TFTC complex transcription factor TFIID complex nucleoplasm MLL1 complex nucleus cytosol protein-containing complex Biological process regulation of transcription, DNA-templated regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated DNA-templated transcription, initiation ovarian follicle development transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator viral process positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6874 228980 Ensembl ENSG00000130699 ENSMUSG00000039117 UniProt O00268 E9QAP7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003185 NM_001081092 RefSeq (protein) NP_003176 NP_001074561 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 61.95 – 62.07 Mb Chr 2: 179.55 – 179.62 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF4 gene.^[5][6][7]

Function

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the larger subunits of TFIID that has been shown to potentiate transcriptional activation by retinoic acid, thyroid hormone and vitamin D₃ receptors. In addition, this subunit interacts with the transcription factor CREB, which has a glutamine-rich activation domain, and binds to other proteins containing glutamine-rich regions. Aberrant binding to this subunit by proteins with expanded polyglutamine regions has been suggested as one of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying a group of neurodegenerative disorders referred to as polyglutamine diseases.^[7]

Interactions

TAF4 has been shown to interact with:

• CBX5m^[8]
• TATA binding protein,^[9][10] and
• Transcription initiation protein SPT3 homolog.^[11]

Protein domain

TAF4
crystal structure of the human taf4-taf12 (tafii135-tafii20) complex
Identifiers
Symbol	TAF4
Pfam	PF05236
InterPro	IPR007900
SCOP2	1h3o / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Yeast TFIID comprises the TATA binding protein and 14 TBP-associated factors (TAFIIs), nine of which contain histone-fold domains (INTERPRO). The C-terminal region of the TFIID-specific yeast TAF4 (yTAF4) containing the HFD shares strong sequence similarity with Drosophila (d)TAF4 and human TAF4. A structure/function analysis of yTAF4 demonstrates that the HFD, a short conserved C-terminal domain (CCTD), and the region separating them are all required for yTAF4 function. This region of similarity is found in Transcription initiation factor TFIID component TAF4.^[12]

References

Further reading

This page was last edited on 14 August 2023, at 10:57