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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sorosis Club rules in 1869

Sorosis was the first professional women's club in the United States. It was established in March 1868 in New York City by Jane Cunningham Croly.

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Transcription

History

In March 1868, a group of women were denied the ability to purchase a ticket to attend the all-male New York Press Club hosted dinner for author Charles Dickens at Delmonico's.[1] In response to being excluded by the New York Press Club, Sorosis was organized.[1] On April 20, 1868, Sorosis hosted its first lunch meeting at the same restaurant.[1] They extended an invite to Dickens, but he declined to attend.[1] At the meeting, the 14 charter members of Sorosis were Alice Cary, Jane "Jennie" C. Croly, Kate Field, Phoebe Cary, Ella Clymer, Celia M. Burleigh, Josephine Pollard, Ellen Louise Demorest, Charlotte B. Wilbour, Anne Botta, "Fanny Fern" Parton, Henry M. Field, Lucy Gibbons, and James T. Field.[2] In January of 1869, Sorosis would become incorporated meaning it became a legal institution.[3] Within one year, Sorosis had 83 members.[3] Along with Boston's New England Woman's Club (also founded in 1868), Sorosis inspired the formation of women's clubs across the country.[3]

The Sorosis ... was organized ... to promote "mental activity and pleasant social intercourse," and in spite of a severe fire of hostile criticism and misrepresentation, it has evinced a sturdy vitality, and really demonstrated its right to exist by a large amount of beneficent work. ... These ladies pledged themselves to work for the release of women from the disabilities which debar them from a due participation in the rewards of industrial and professional labour ... I believe it has been the stepping-stone to useful public careers, and the source of inspiration to many ladies.

Sorosis is a latinate word meaning 'aggregation' (from the Greek sōros, meaning ‘heap’). Its object was to further the educational and social activities of women by bringing representative women of accomplishment in art, literature, science, and kindred pursuits.

Early members of Sorosis were participants in varied professions and political reform movements such as abolitionism, suffrage, prison reform, temperance and peace. Sorosis expanded into local chapters beyond New York City in the early twentieth century and the various chapters went on to organize war relief efforts during both World Wars. Peacetime activities included philanthropy (such as support for funding the MacDowell Colony), scholarship funds, and social reforms (such as literary training for immigrant women). In later years, Sorosis focused its activities on local projects, raising money for the aid of other women's clubs, funding scholarships for women, and aiding local rescue missions.[3]

Sorosis was among the 63 clubs that formed the General Federation of Women's Clubs in 1890.[5]

The University of Texas at San Antonio houses a collection of records for the San Antonio chapter of Sorosis. The collection spans the years 1923 through 1991 and provides information about the club's members and activities primarily through minutes, photographs, scrapbooks and yearbooks.[3]

Notable members

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Freedman, Paul (2014). "Women and Restaurants in the Nineteenth-Century United States". Journal of Social History. 48 (1): 1–19. ISSN 0022-4529.
  2. ^ Croly, Jane Cunningham (1886). Sorosis: its origin and history. New York, N.Y.: J.J. Little & Co. pp. 6, 7, 11, 13, 28.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Collection: Sorosis records | Smith College Finding Aids". findingaids.smith.edu. Retrieved 2020-05-13.  This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 3.0 license.
  4. ^ a b Faithfull, Emily (1884). Three Visits to America. New York: Fowler & Wells Co., Publishers. pp. 18–21.
  5. ^ "History and Mission". GFWC. Retrieved 2020-05-13.
  6. ^ a b c d Willard, Frances Elizabeth, 1839-1898; Livermore, Mary Ashton Rice, 1820-1905 (1893). A woman of the century; fourteen hundred-seventy biographical sketches accompanied by portraits of leading American women in all walks of life. Buffalo, N.Y., Moulton. Retrieved 8 August 2017.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  7. ^ a b c The Encyclopedia Americana: A Library of Universal Knowledge, vol. 2, 1920, p. 466.
  8. ^ a b c d Binheim, Max; Elvin, Charles A. (1928). Women of the West: A Series of Biographical Sketches of Living Eminent Women in the Eleven Western States of the United States of America. Los Angeles: Publishers Press. Retrieved August 6, 2017.
  9. ^ "Souvenir Fifteenth Annual Congress of the Association for the Advancement of Women Invited and Entertained by Sorosis" (PDF). New York: Drew University. October 1887. p. 29. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
  10. ^ "Dr. Phoebe Jane Babcock Wait - 31 Jan 1904, Sun • Page 7". The New York Times: 7. 1904. Retrieved 4 October 2017.

Further reading

  • Rakow, Lana F. and Kramarae, Cheris, Women's Source Library, Vol. IV: The Revolution in Words, pp. 243–245

External links

This page was last edited on 1 March 2024, at 23:06
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