To install click the Add extension button. That's it.

The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time.

4,5
Kelly Slayton
Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea!
Alexander Grigorievskiy
I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like.
What we do. Every page goes through several hundred of perfecting techniques; in live mode. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better.
.
Leo
Newton
Brights
Milds

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sogdianus
Achaemenid Daric, possibly under Sogdianus
King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire,
Pharaoh of Egypt
Reign424 BC – 423 BC
PredecessorXerxes II
SuccessorDarius II
DiedPersepolis, Persia
DynastyAchaemenid
FatherArtaxerxes I
MotherAlogyne of Babylon
ReligionZoroastrianism

Sogdianus (/ˌsɔːɡdiˈnəs/ or /ˌsɒɡdiˈnəs/; Greek: Σογδιανός Sogdianos) was briefly a ruler of the Achaemenid Empire for a period in 424–423 BC. His short rule—lasting not much more than six months—and the little recognition of his kingdom are known primarily from the writings of Ctesias; who is known to be unreliable. He was reportedly an illegitimate son of Artaxerxes I by his concubine Alogyne of Babylon.

YouTube Encyclopedic

  • 1/5
    Views:
    148 826
    15 563
    3 285
    93 590
    815
  • Achaemenid Dynasty Family Tree
  • DARIUS II - ARTAXERXES II - PERSIA RISES PART 6 - ACHAEMENID PERSIAN EMPIRE
  • Dromaeosaurs: New Taxa and Revisions of Older Taxa | Natural History Update 3
  • 22. Artaxerxes, Ezra, and Nehemiah
  • 22. Context

Transcription

Background

Death of Artaxerxes I

The last inscription mentioning Artaxerxes I being alive can be dated to December 24, 424 BC. His death resulted in at least three of his sons proclaiming themselves King of Kings. The first was Xerxes II, who was reportedly his only legitimate son by Queen Damaspia and was formerly the heir. Xerxes II's rule was apparently only recognized in the Persian heartlands. The second was Sogdianus himself, presumed to have initially been recognized only in Elam. The third was Ochus, son of Artaxerxes I by his concubine Cosmartidene of Babylon and satrap of Hyrcania. Ochus was also married to their common half-sister Parysatis, daughter of Artaxerxes I and his concubine Andia of Babylon. The first inscription of Ochus as Darius II can be dated to January 10, 423 BC. He seems to have been recognized by Medes, Babylonia and Egypt. If it is correct that all three declared themselves king at the same time, then the Achaemenid Empire had three King of Kings for a brief period.[1][2]

Rise and fall

This chaotic state of affairs would prove short-lived. Xerxes II only ruled for forty-five days. He was reportedly murdered while drunk by the eunuch Pharnacyas and Menostanes, conspirators who sided with Sogdianus, on his orders. According to Ctesias, Pharnacyas had the greatest influence over Xerxes II, next to Bagorazus and Menostanes.[3]

Sogdianus apparently gained the support of his regions and reigned for six months and fifteen days before being captured by his half-brother, Ochus, who had rebelled against him feeling dishonoured he was passed up over Sogdianus for the throne—since he outranked the latter.

Sogdianus was executed by being suffocated in ash per Ochus' promise he would not die by the sword, by poison or by hunger. Pharnacyas was condemned to be stoned to death.[4] "Menostanes was also arrested and condemned, but anticipated his fate by suicide.".[5]

Ochus then ascended to the Achaemenid throne as Darius II; he was the sole ruler of the Persian Empire until 404 BC.[2]

Name

He is called Σογδιανός by Manetho and Diodorus Siculus, and Σεκυνδιανός by Ctesias.[6]

References

  1. ^ Ctesias the Cnidian. Persica. 18.
  2. ^ a b Zawadzki, S. (1995–1996). "The Circumstances of Darius II's Accession". Jaarbericht Ex Oriente Lux. 34: 45–49.
  3. ^ Ctesias the Cnidian. Persica. 48.
  4. ^ Ctesias the Cnidian. Persica. 52.
  5. ^ Ctesias the Cnidian. Persica. 52.
  6. ^ Felix Jacoby, FGrH 3C1, pp. 50, 468

Sources

  • Ctesias, 48, 52 [1]
  • Briant, Pierre, From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire (2002). Translated by Peter T. Daniels. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. ISBN 1-57506-031-0.
  • Lendering, J., Xerxes II and Sogdianus: "[2]"
Preceded by King of Kings of Persia
424–423 BC
Succeeded by
This page was last edited on 28 March 2024, at 17:14
Basis of this page is in Wikipedia. Text is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License. Non-text media are available under their specified licenses. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. WIKI 2 is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wikimedia Foundation.