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Second Battle of El Alamein order of battle

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Dispositions for the Second Battle of El Alamein

The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October – 11 November 1942) was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian railway halt of El Alamein. The First Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Alam el Halfa had prevented the Axis from advancing further into Egypt.

The Allied victory was the beginning of the end of the Western Desert Campaign, eliminating the Axis threat to Egypt, the Suez Canal and the Middle Eastern and Persian oil fields. The battle revived the morale of the Allies, being the first big success against the Axis since Operation Crusader in late 1941. The end of the battle coincided with the Allied invasion of French North Africa in Operation Torch on 8 November, which opened a second front in North Africa.

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Transcription

High-level orders of battle

Allies

Middle East Command: Lieutenant-General Harold Alexander

British Eighth Army
Lieutenant-General Sir Bernard Law Montgomery

Northern sector
British XXX Corps (Lieutenant-General Oliver Leese)
Australian 9th Division (Major-General Leslie Morshead)
British 51st (Highland) Infantry Division (Major-General Douglas Wimberley)
New Zealand 2nd Division (Lieutenant-General Bernard Freyberg)
South African 1st Infantry Division (Major-General Dan Pienaar)
Indian 4th Infantry Division (Major-General Francis Tuker)
Southern sector
British XIII Corps (Lieutenant-General Brian Horrocks)
British 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division (Major-General John Nichols)
British 44th (Home Counties) Infantry Division (Major-General Ivor Hughes)
British 7th Armoured Division (Major-General John Harding)
Reserve
British X Corps (Lieutenant-General Herbert Lumsden)
British 1st Armoured Division (Major-General Raymond Briggs)
British 10th Armoured Division (Major-General Alexander Gatehouse)
British 8th Armoured Division

Axis

Comandante Superiore: Maresciallo Ugo Cavallero

Deutches-Italienische Panzerarmee  Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel

90th Light Afrika Division (Generalmajor Ernst Strecker, later Theodor Graf von Sponeck)
Deutsches Afrika Korps
Generalleutnant Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma
15th Panzer Division (Generalmajor Gustav von Vaerst)
21st Panzer Division (Generalmajor Heinz von Randow)
Italian Army Africa
Tenente-Generale Curio Barbasetti di Prun
Italian XXI Army Corps
Generale di Corpo d'Armata Enea Navarini; Generale di Divisione Alessandro Gloria[a]
25th Infantry Division "Bologna" (Generale di Divisione Alessandro Gloria)
102nd Motorised Division "Trento" (Generale di Brigata Giorgio Masina)
Italian XX Army Corps
Generale di Divisione Giuseppe De Stefanis
101st Motorised Division "Trieste" (Generale di Divisione Francesco La Ferla)
132nd Armoured Division "Ariete" (Generale di Divisione Francesco Antonio Arena)
133rd Armoured Division "Littorio" (Generale di Divisione Gervasio Bitossi)
German 164th Light Africa Division (Generalleutnant Carl-Hans Lungershausen)
Italian X Army Corps
Generale di Divisione Federico Ferrari Orsi KIA 18 Oct
Generale di Divisione Enrico Frattini thru 26 Oct
Generale di Divisione Edoardo Nebbia from 27 Oct, POW 7 Nov
17th Infantry Division "Pavia" (Generale di Divisione Nazzareno Scattaglia)
27th Infantry Division "Brescia" (Generale di Divisione Brunetto Brunetti)
185th Infantry Division "Folgore" (Generale di Divisione Enrico Frattini)
Ramcke Parachute Brigade (Generalmajor Hermann-Bernhard Ramcke)
Reserve
16th Motorised Division "Pistoia" (Generale di Divisione Giuseppe Falugi)
136th Armoured Division "Giovani Fascisti" (Generale di Divisione Ismaele Di Nisio)

Allies

Middle East Command: Lieutenant General Harold Alexander

British Eighth Army
Lieutenant-General Sir Bernard Law Montgomery

British XXX Corps

Lt.-Gen. Oliver Leese
Main article: XXX Corps (United Kingdom)

XXX Corps occupied the northern sector of the Allied front.

Lieutenant-General Oliver Leese
Under direct Corps command
XXX Corps Defence Squadron
C Squadron, 4th/6th South African Armoured Car Regiment
7th Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery
64th Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery
69th (Caernarvon & Denbigh Yeomanry) Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery
66th Mortar Company, Royal Engineers (two sections detached to 9th Australian Division)
11th Field Company, South African Engineers
13th Field Company, South African Engineers
22nd Field Park Company, South African Engineers
XXX Corps Signals, Royal Corps of Signals

British XIII Corps

Lt.-Gen. Brian Horrocks
Main article: XIII Corps (United Kingdom)

XIII Corps occupied the southern sector of the Allied front.

Lieutenant-General Brian Horrocks
Under direct Corps command
South African 4th/6th Armoured Car Regiment (one troop)
XIII Corps Troops, Royal Engineers
578th Army Field Company, Royal Engineers
576th Corps Field Park Company, Royal Engineers
XIII Corps Signals, Royal Corps of Signals

British X Corps

Lt.-Gen. Herbert Lumsden
Main article: X Corps (United Kingdom)

X Corps supplied reserve divisions behind the main Allied line.

Lieutenant-General Herbert Lumsden
Under direct Corps command
X Corps Troops, Royal Engineers[3]
571st Army Field Company (attached to 10th Armoured Division)
572nd Army Field Company (attached to 1st Armoured Division)
573rd Army Field Company (attached to 10th Armoured Division)
570th Corps Field Park Company
X Corps Signals, Royal Corps of Signals

Axis

Comandante Superiore: Maresciallo Ugo Cavallero

Divisions deployed north to south

Deutches-Italienisches Panzerarmee

Main article: Panzer Armee Afrika
Field Marshal Erwin Rommel

Generalfeldmarschall [s] Erwin Rommel [t]

German 90th Light Afrika Division
Generalmajor [u] Ernst Strecker, later Theodor Graf von Sponeck
155th Panzergrenadier Regiment (with 707th Heavy Infantry Gun Company)
200th Panzergrenadier Regiment (with 708th Heavy Infantry Gun Company)
346th Panzergrenadier Regiment[v]
190th Artillery Regiment
190th Anti-tank Battalion
Under command
Force 288[w]
605th Anti-tank Battalion
109th Anti-aircraft Battalion
606th Anti-aircraft Battalion

Deutsches Afrika Korps

Main article: Deutsches Afrika Korps
Gnlltnt. Wilhem Ritter von Thoma

Generalleutnant [x] Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma

German 15th Panzer Division
Generalmajor [y] Gustav von Vaerst
8th Panzer Regiment
115th Panzergrenadier Regiment
33rd Artillery Regiment
33rd Anti-tank Battalion
33rd Engineer Battalion
 German 21st Panzer Division
Generalmajor [z] Heinz von Randow
5th Panzer Regiment
104th Panzergrenadier Regiment
155th Artillery Regiment
39th Anti-tank Battalion
200th Engineer Battalion

Italian Army Africa

Lieutenant-General Curio Barbasetti di Prun (at left)

Tenente-Generale Curio Barbasetti di Prun.[7][8][9]

Italian XXI Army Corps

Main article: XXI Army Corps (Italy)

[10] Generale di Corpo d'Armata Enea Navarini
Generale di Divisione Alessandro Gloria (Thru 26 October)

Corps-level troops
7th Bersaglieri Regiment
X Bersaglieri Battalion
XI Bersaglieri Battalion
8th Army Corps Artillery Grouping
XXXIII Heavy Artillery Group (149/40 guns)
LII Heavy Artillery Group (152/37 guns)
XXVII Construction Engineers Battalion
LXV Signal Engineers Battalion
14th Fortification Engineer Company

Italian XX Army Corps

Main article: XX Army Corps (Italy)

[11] Generale di Divisione Giuseppe De Stefanis

Corps-level troops
XVIII Anti-aircraft and Anti-tank Group (8.8cm Flak and 20/65 guns)
LXII Anti-aircraft Group (75/50 anti-aircraft guns)
XXIV Mixed Engineer Battalion
2nd Bersaglieri Motorcyclists Company
106th Field Hospital
576th Field Hospital

Southern Sector

132nd Armoured Division "Ariete"[12]
Generale di Divisione Francesco Antonio Arena
132nd Tank Infantry Regiment (M13/40 and M14/41 tanks)
IX Tank Battalion "M"
X Tank Battalion "M"
XIII Tank Battalion "M"
8th Bersaglieri Regiment
III Bersaglieri Anti-tank Battalion (47/32 anti-tank guns)
V Bersaglieri Battalion
XII Bersaglieri Battalion
132nd Armoured Artillery Regiment
I Group (75/27 field guns)
II Group (75/27 field guns)
III Group (105/28 howitzers)
V (DLI) Self-propelled Artillery Group (Semovente 75/18 self-propelled guns)
VI (DLII) Self-propelled Artillery Group (Semovente 75/18 self-propelled guns)
XV Heavy Field Artillery Group (105/28 howitzers)
XXXI Anti-aircraft and Anti-tank Group (8.8cm Flak anti-aircraft guns)
DI Anti-aircraft and Anti-tank Group (90/53 and 20/65 Mod. 35 anti-aircraft guns)
III Armored Squadrons Group "Nizza Cavalleria" (AB 41 Armoured cars)
CXXXII Mixed Engineer Battalion

Italian X Army Corps

Main article: X Army Corps (Italy)

Reserve Divisions during the Battle

16th Motorised Division "Pistoia"[18]
Generale di Divisione Giuseppe Falugi
35th Infantry Regiment "Pistoia"
36th Infantry Regiment "Pistoia"
3rd Motorised Artillery Regiment
XVI Mortar Battalion
LI Mixed Engineer Battalion
16th Anti-tank Company
136th Armoured Division "Giovani Fascisti"[19]
Generale di Divisione Ismaele Di Nisio
Infantry Regiment "Giovani Fascisti" (2x battalions)
IX Autonomous Infantry Battalion
136th Artillery Regiment
XIV Motorized Artillery Group (65/17 field guns mounted on Morris CS8)
XV Motorized Artillery Group (65/17 field guns mounted on Morris CS8)
XVI Motorized Artillery Group (75/27 field guns mounted on TL.37)
XVII Motorized Artillery Group (100/17 howitzers mounted on Lancia 3Ro trucks)
88th Anti-aircraft Battery (20/65 Mod. 35 anti-aircraft guns)
III Armoured Squadrons Group "Cavalleggeri del Monferrato" (AB 41 Armoured cars)

Notes

  1. ^ in temporary command until October 26
  2. ^ Equipped with minesweeping Matilda tanks, allotted to XXX Corps for minefield clearance[1]
  3. ^ For HQ and railway protection[1]
  4. ^ Used for HQ protection, camouflage and guard duties[1]
  5. ^ 35 Sherman, 37 Grant, 46 Crusader = 118 tanks
  6. ^ Attached from 23rd Armoured Brigade, in reserve until 31 October; 1 SA Division had a Reserve Group comprising 8 RTR, 3 SA Armoured Car Regt. less two squadrons, 2 Regt. Botha (from 1 SA Infantry Brigade), a battery of anti-tank guns and a troop each of light anti-aircraft guns and Scorpion anti-mine flail tanks. The group was disbanded on 31 October.[2]
  7. ^ 186 Valentine tanks
  8. ^ Three troops detached to 50th Royal Tank Regiment with 51st (Highland) Division
  9. ^ Attached to New Zealand 2nd Division 29 October to 3 November
  10. ^ 57 Stuart, 14 Grant = 71 tanks and 9 armoured cars
  11. ^ 57 Grant, 50 Crusader, 19 Stuart = 126 tanks
  12. ^ Equipped with M7 Priest
  13. ^ 92 Sherman, 68 Crusader, one Grant = 161 tanks[4]
  14. ^ Detached less support company to Hammerforce
  15. ^ Attached to Hammerforce for mine clearance.[5]
  16. ^ 45 Crusader, 57 Grant, 31 Sherman = 133 tanks
  17. ^ 2 Grants, 93 Sherman, 45 Crusader = 140 tanks
  18. ^ Attached from 44th Infantry Division
  19. ^ Equivalent to an Anglo Field Marshal
  20. ^ General der Panzertruppe Georg Stumme was in command at the start of the battle in Rommel's absence on sick leave.
  21. ^ Equivalent to an Anglo-American Brigadier-General
  22. ^ Should be 361st, 346th assigned to 217th Inf Div, the 361st was formed in theatre from former French Foreign Legionnaires of German origin
  23. ^ Panzergrenadier Regiment Afrika, the three battalions listed after this are not part of this 8-to-10 company detachment
  24. ^ Equivalent to an Anglo-American Major-General
  25. ^ Equivalent to an Anglo-American Brigadier-General
  26. ^ Equivalent to an Anglo-American Brigadier-General
  27. ^ Equivalent to an Anglo-American Major-General
  28. ^ Equivalent to an Anglo-American Brigadier-General

References

  1. ^ a b c Joslen, p. 566
  2. ^ Joslen, p. 573
  3. ^ Pakenham-Walsh, pp. 385 & 393.
  4. ^ name="Joslen567">Joslen, p. 567
  5. ^ Joslen, p. 567
  6. ^ Joslen, p. 568
  7. ^ Except for the Pistoia Division. All Italian units of the Italian Army Africa was under the administrative control of General Prun. While Rommel had tactical control of these Italian units.
  8. ^ Alamein ,C. E. Lucas Phillips ,Pan Books,1965.
  9. ^ Mussolini's War: Fascist Italy from Triumph to Collapse 1935-1943, John Gooch.
  10. ^ "El Alamein - Il XXI Corpo d'Armata". Italian Army. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  11. ^ "El Alamein - Il XX Corpo d'Armata". Italian Army. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  12. ^ a b c "El Alamein - Lo schieramento italiano". Italian Army. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  13. ^ "El Alamein - Il X Corpo d'Armata". Italian Army. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  14. ^ "186° Reggimento Paracadutisti "Folgore" - La Storia". Italian Army. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  15. ^ "187° Reggimento Paracadutisti "Folgore" - La Storia". Italian Army. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  16. ^ "185° Reggimento Artiglieria Paracadutisti "Folgore" - La Storia". Italian Army. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  17. ^ "8° Reggimento Genio Guastatori Paracadutisti "Folgore" - La Storia". Italian Army. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  18. ^ Stationed at Bardia.
  19. ^ Stationed at Siwa Oasis.

Sources

Print

Joslen, H.F. (2003) [1st Pub. HMSO 1960]. Orders of battle : Second World War, 1939-1945. Uckfield: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84342-474-6.
Pakenham-Walsh, Maj-Gen R.P. (1958). History of the Royal Engineers. Vol. VIII, 1938–1948. Chatham: Institution of Royal Engineers.

Web

Wendell, Marcus. "Axis History Factbook: German army order of battle". Retrieved 2007-07-23.
Wendell, Marcus. "Axis History Factbook: Italian army order of battle". Retrieved 2007-07-23.
"Orders of Battle.com". Archived from the original on 2007-07-17. Retrieved 2007-07-23.
"World War II unit histories and officers". Archived from the original on 2007-06-26. Retrieved 2007-07-23.
This page was last edited on 6 April 2024, at 04:26
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