Phosphinates or hypophosphites are a class of phosphorus compounds conceptually based on the structure of hypophosphorous acid. IUPAC prefers the term phosphinate in all cases, however in practice hypophosphite is usually used to describe inorganic species (e.g. sodium hypophosphite), while phosphinate typically refers to organophosphorus species.
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Phosphonate
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Chem 201. Organic Reaction Mechanisms I. Lecture 20. Phosphorus Chemistry
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PO2 3- Hypophosphite Ion Lewis Structure
Transcription
Hypophosphites
The hypophosphite ion is (H
2PO
2)−
. The salts are prepared by heating white phosphorus in warm aqueous alkali e.g. Ca(OH)2:[1]
- P4 + 2 Ca(OH)2 + 4 H2O → 2 Ca(H2PO2)2 + 2 H2
Hypophosphites are reducing agents:[1]
- (H
2PO
2)−
+ 3 OH− → (HPO
3)2−
+ 2 H2O + 2 e−
Hypophosphites are used in electroless nickel plating as the reducing agent to deposit for example Ni metal from Ni salts.[1] The hypophosphite ion is thermodynamically unstable, and disproportionates on heating to phosphine and phosphate salts:
- 2 H
2PO
2−
→ PH3 + HPO
42−
See also
- Organophosphinic acid
- Phosphine - PR3
- Phosphine oxide - OPR3
- Phosphite - P(OR)3
- Phosphonate - OP(OR)2R
- Phosphate - OP(OR)3
References
- ^ a b c Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 512. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
This page was last edited on 9 July 2022, at 05:42