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# Pentane (data page)

## Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as eChemPortal, and follow its directions.

## Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction,[1] nD 1.3575 at 20 °C
Abbe number ?
Dielectric constant,[2] εr 1.844 ε0 at 20 °C
Bond strength ?
Bond length ?
Bond angle ?
Magnetic susceptibility ?
Surface tension[3] 18.16 dyn/cm at 0 °C
17.03 dyn/cm at 10 °C
15.82 dyn/cm at 20 °C
14.73 dyn/cm at 30 °C
13.66 dyn/cm at 40 °C
Viscosity[4] 0.2894 mPa·s at 0 °C
0.2395 mPa·s at 20 °C
0.2200 mPa·s at 30 °C

## Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point 143.46 K (–128.69 °C), 0.076 Pa
Critical point 469.8 K (196.7 °C), 3360 kPa
Std enthalpy change
of fusion
, ΔfusHo
8.4 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion
, ΔfusSo
58.5 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization
, ΔvapHo
26.200 kJ/mol at 25 °C
25.79 kJ/mol at 36.1 °C
Std entropy change
of vaporization
, ΔvapSo
87.88 J/(mol·K) at 25 °C
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation
, ΔfHosolid
? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sosolid
? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp ? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation
, ΔfHoliquid
–173.5 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Soliquid
263.47 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcHoliquid –3509 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp 167.19 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation
, ΔfHogas
–146.8 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sogas
347.82 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcHogas –3535 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp 120.07 J/(mol K) at 25 °C

## Vapor pressure of liquid

 P in mm Hg 1 10 40 100 400 760 1520 3800 7600 15200 30400 45600 T in °C –76.6 –50.1 –29.2 –12.6 18.5 36.1 58 92.4 124.7 164.3 — —

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 47th ed.

log10 of n-Pentane vapor pressure. Uses formula: ${\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{e}P_{mmHg}=}$${\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{e}({\frac {760}{101.325}})-10.41840\log _{e}(T+273.15)-{\frac {5778.024}{T+273.15}}+81.92460+1.178208\times 10^{-5}(T+273.15)^{2}}$ obtained from CHERIC[5]

## Spectral data

UV-Vis
λmax ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε ?
IR
Major absorption bands 2881, 2940, 2965 cm−1 [6]
NMR
Proton NMR
Carbon-13 NMR
Other NMR data
MS
Masses of
main fragments

## References

1. ^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1234–1237
2. ^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1289–1376
3. ^ A.P. Fröba; L. Penedo Pellegrino & A. Leipertz (June 2003). "Viscosity and Surface Tension of Saturated n-Pentane" (PDF). National Institute of Standards and Technology (15th Symposium on Thermophysical Properties). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2006. Retrieved 30 May 2007.
4. ^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674
5. ^ "Pure Component Properties" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 30 May 2007.
6. ^ Klingbeil, Adam E.; Jeffries, Jay B.; Hanson, Ronald K. (2007). "Temperature-dependent mid-IR absorption spectra of gaseous hydrocarbons". Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer. 107 (3): 407–420. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.03.004.

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to standard ambient temperature and pressure.

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