To install click the Add extension button. That's it.

The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time.

4,5
Kelly Slayton
Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea!
Alexander Grigorievskiy
I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like.
Live Statistics
English Articles
Improved in 24 Hours
Added in 24 Hours
Languages
Recent
Show all languages
What we do. Every page goes through several hundred of perfecting techniques; in live mode. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better.
.
Leo
Newton
Brights
Milds

Pedro Hinojosa

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pedro Hinojosa
Secretary of War and Navy
In office
1 December 1884 – 20 March 1896
PresidentPorfirio Díaz
Preceded byFrancisco Naranjo
Succeeded byFelipe Berriozábal
In office
22 December 1861 – 2 May 1862
PresidentBenito Juárez
Preceded byIgnacio Zaragoza
Succeeded byMiguel Blanco Múzquiz
Personal details
Born(1822-01-31)31 January 1822
Villa del Refugio, Mexico
Died5 March 1903(1903-03-05) (aged 81)
Mexico City, Mexico
Political partyLiberal

Pedro Hinojosa de la Garza Falcón (31 January 1822, Matamoros, Tamaulipas - 5 March 1903, Mexico City) was a Mexican politician and military general who fought in the Mexican–American War, the Reform War, and in the French intervention in Mexico.[1] In addition, Hinojosa was governor of Durango, Nuevo Leon, and Chihuahua, and served as Secretary of War and Navy.[2]

YouTube Encyclopedic

  • 1/1
    Views:
    29 632
  • El manicero y danzantes afrochichimecas, Tamborileros de Cerro Prieto, Linares "Live" en Semana Santa de la Presa Cerro Prieto. Corazón de tambora 3

Transcription

Military career

Pedro Hinojosa was born in Matamoros, Tamaulipas to Ramón Hinojosa and his wife Mamerta de la Garza Falcón. Hinojosa eventually enlisted in the National Guard of Tamaulipas at the age of 18.[3] In Tamaulipas, he fought the Texan rebels and the Apache and Comanche tribes, who maintained determined against the government. In 1848, during the Mexican–American War, Hinojosa rose through the ranks and became a lieutenant. He continued to defend Tamaulipas through its national guard until 1854, the year he was elected as a lieutenant colonel due to his efforts in protecting local territories from the Texan military and the native tribes.[4]

Reform War

In 1854, Hinojosa adhered to the Plan of Ayutla against Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna joining the national guard of Tamaulipas, and having ascended to the position of colonel in the triumph of the revolution, became a permanent formal member of the military. After the coup by Felix Zuloaga he remained loyal to the government of Benito Juarez and fought with the liberal band during the Reform War, fighting in the Batalla de Lomas Largas, in the siege of Monterrey, where he was made a prisoner by the conservatives. He later escaped and fought in the attack on Zacatecas under the orders of General Juan Zuazua, as well as the attacks on San Luis Potosí and Guadalajara in 1858. For this last actions, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general in November 1858.

Hinojosa continued fighting the conservatives in the Bajio area and later in northern Mexico. In May 1859 he was defeated in La Flor, Durango by the conservative leader Domingo Cajén. In this battle, Hinojosa suffered a leg injury and due to this he walked with a limp the rest of his life. After this battle he traveled to the state of Chihuahua where he assumed leadership of the garrison substituting for Luis Terrazes who had gone to battle the Tulices rebels. The Tulices rebels were conservative forces from Durango who were under the direction of Cajén. After the triumph of the liberals and nomination to federal elections, Hinojosa was elected a general delegate for the Federal Electoral District I of Chihuahua to the II Legislature of 1863. Hinojosa was to move to Mexico City to carry out this office from May 1861 to May 1863, but while traveling through the city of Durango and due to the illness of the governor of that state, General Jose Maria Patoni, the Congress of Durango named Hinojosa governor, a position in which he served from July to August 1861.

French intervention in Mexico

Hinojosa thereafter fulfilled the office of federal delegate until December 22, 1861, when president Benito Juarez named him Secretary of War and Navy. His responsibilities included initiating the preparations for defending the county from French intervention. Hinojosa fulfilled this post until May 2, 1862, which was 3 days before the Mexican victory over the French in the Battle of Puebla.

Hinojosa moved on to active service having at his charge several different military bodies. He participated in the defense of the city of Puebla de Zaragoza which was besieged by the French troops and had to surrender in 1863, falling prisoner to the invaders. He was able to escape when he was being transported to Veracruz and he headed north to join the Juarez forces. During the rift between the Nuevo Leon chief Santiago Vidaurri and Benito Juarez, Hinojosa briefly took Vidaurri's side but he soon reconsidered his decision and reaffirmed his loyalty to Juarez, escorting Juarez's family to what was then the Texas territory. To combat the influence of Vidaurri, on August 15, 1864, Juarez declared the separation of the states of Coahuila and Nuevo Leon and designated Hinojosa as the Governor of Nuevo Leon until December 1864. Hinojosa was then given the leadership of the republican troops in Tamaulipas and together with Mariano Escobedo they victoriously attacked the imperialist garrison in the port of Matamoros.

Rebellions of La Noria and Tuxtepec

After the republican victory, Hinojosa stayed in the military permanently. In 1871 he joined the uprising in favor of Porfirio Díaz pursuing the Plan of La Noria against Benito Juarez, in which he was defeated and taken prisoner in Saltillo. He was able to escape and later was given amnesty by the new president Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada. Hinojosa again joined an uprising in favor of Diaz and the Plan of Tuxtepec, fighting in Matamoros, la Huasteca and the port of Tuxpan, ultimately contributing to Diaz's victory.

Diaz named Hinojosa military commander of the state of Chihuahua on June 4, 1877, and governor on June 13 of the same year. In appointing Hinojosa, Diaz aimed to end a conflict between the head of the pro-Diaz Chihuahuan forces Jose Eligio Muñoz and the head of the Chihuahuan federal forces Juan B. Caamaño. Hinojosa remained in this post until August 14, 1878 at which time he turned over the governorship to his constitutionally elected successor Angel Trias Ochoa. Hinojosa's governorship included an unprecedented action in which he was arrested and imprisoned under the orders of the head of the Iturbide camp, Jose Gonzalez Salas, without respecting Hinojosa's constitutional authority as governor. The arrest was due to a criminal complaint filed by the journalist Tomas Cordero Zuza who opposed Hinojosa and whom Hinojosa had struck on the head when he ran into Zuza in the Plaza Hidalgo in the city of Chihuahua. Hinojosa remained in prison until he was granted a federal appeal, which was followed by a trial in which he was found innocent.

Secretary of War and Navy

After completing his term as governor of the state of Chihuahua, Hinojosa assumed control of the military of Chihuahua until 1878, when he was named the head of the injured body of the military. He was later elected federal delegate to the XII Legislature for the state of Hidalgo from 1884 to 1886. However, on December 1, 1884 he was named Secretary of War and Navy by President Porfirio Díaz. He remained in this post for 12 years until March 20, 1896 at which time he resigned due to his health. He went on to serve as the president of the Supreme Court of Military Justice for more than a year until he finally retired from the military.

Hinojosa died in Mexico City on March 5, 1903.

References

  1. ^ Thompson, Jerry D. (2007). Cortina: defending the Mexican name in Texas. Texas A&M University Press. p. 332. ISBN 9781585445929.
  2. ^ Cisneros Young, Patricia (2007). South Texas Tales: Stories My Father Told Me. Tate Publishing. p. 171. ISBN 9781602475489.
  3. ^ "La Ronda de las Generaciones". Humanistas Mexicanos. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  4. ^ Bauman, Richard (1995). Folklore and Culture on TheTexas-Mexican Border. University of Texas Press. p. 317. ISBN 9780292765641.
This page was last edited on 1 March 2024, at 10:05
Basis of this page is in Wikipedia. Text is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License. Non-text media are available under their specified licenses. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. WIKI 2 is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wikimedia Foundation.