UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
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Location | Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece |
Criteria | Cultural: (i), (ii), (iv) |
Reference | 456 |
Inscription | 1988 (12th Session) |
Area | 5.327 ha (13.16 acres) |
Coordinates | 40°38′18″N 22°57′54″E / 40.63833°N 22.96500°E |
The city of Thessaloniki in Macedonia, Greece, for several centuries the second-most important city of the Byzantine Empire, played an important role for Christianity during the Middle Ages and was decorated by impressive buildings. Because of Thessaloniki's importance during the early Christian and Byzantine periods, the city contains several Paleochristian monuments that have significantly contributed to the development of Byzantine art and architecture throughout the Byzantine Empire and Serbia.[1] The evolution of Imperial Byzantine architecture and the prosperity of Thessaloniki go hand in hand, especially during the first years of the Empire,[1] when the city continued to flourish. Despite the capture of Thessaloniki by the Ottoman Empire in 1430, the Christian monuments were not destroyed, and travelers such as Paul Lucas and Abdulmejid I[1] document the city's wealth in Christian monuments during the Ottoman control of the city.
In 1988, fifteen monuments of Thessaloniki were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites:[1][2]
- City Walls (4th/5th centuries)
- Rotunda of Saint George (4th century)
- Church of Acheiropoietos (5th century)
- Church of St. Demetrios (7th century)
- Latomou Monastery (6th century)
- Church of St. Sophia (8th century)
- Church of Panagia Chalkeon (11th century)
- Church of St. Panteleimon (14th century)
- Church of the Holy Apostles (14th century)
- Church of St. Nicholas Orphanos (14th century)
- Church of St. Catherine (13th century)
- Church of Christ Saviour (14th century)
- Blatades Monastery (14th century)
- Church of Prophet Elijah (14th century)
- Byzantine Bath (14th century)
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Transcription
Thessaloniki, often referred to internationally as Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of the geographic region of Greek Macedonia. It is a city with a continuous 3,000 year history, preserving relics of its Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman past and of its formerly dominant Jewish population. Its Byzantine churches, in particular, are included in UNESCO's World Heritage list. Thessaloniki is Greece's second major economic, industrial, commercial and political centre, and a major transportation hub for the rest of southeastern Europe; its commercial port is also of great importance for Greece and the southeastern European hinterland. The city is renowned for its festivals, events and vibrant cultural life in general, and is considered to be Greece's cultural capital. Events such as the Thessaloniki International Trade Fair and the Thessaloniki International Film Festival are held annually, while the city also hosts the largest bi-annual meeting of the Greek diaspora. Founded in 315 BC by Cassander of Macedon, Thessaloniki's history spans some 2,300 years. An important metropolis by the Roman period, Thessaloniki was the second largest and wealthiest city of the Byzantine Empire. Thessaloniki is home to numerous notable Byzantine monuments, including the Paleochristian and Byzantine monuments of Thessaloniki, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as well as several Roman, Ottoman and Sephardic Jewish structures. The city's main university, Aristotle University, is the largest in Greece and the Balkans.
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Interior of Rotunda
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References
- ^ a b c d "Paleochristian and Byzantine Monuments of Thessalonika". UNESCO. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
- ^ "ΠΑΓΚΟΣΜΙΑ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΤΙΚΗ ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ UNESCO: Παλαιοχριστιανικά και Βυζαντινά μνημεία Θεσσαλονίκης" (in Greek). Hellenic National Commission for UNESCO. Archived from the original on 27 June 2012. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
External links
- Παλαιοχριστιανικά και βυζαντινά μνημεία Θεσσαλονίκης. ODYSSEUS Portal (in Greek). Hellenic Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 24 July 2012.