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Opopanax chironium

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Opopanax chironium
Plant of Opopanax chironium
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Opopanax
Species:
O. chironium
Binomial name
Opopanax chironium
Synonyms[1]
  • Dorema chironia (L.) M.Hiroe
  • Laserpitium chironium L.
  • Maspeton chironium (L.) Raf.
  • Opopanax bulgaricus Velen.

Opopanax chironium, common name Hercules' all-heal,[2] is a herb of the family Apiaceae.

Subspecies

  • Opopanax chironium subsp. chironium
  • Opopanax chironium subsp. bulgaricum (Vel.) N.Andreev[3]

Description

Opopanax chironium grows 1–3 metres (3 ft 3 in – 9 ft 10 in) high.[4] This perennial herb has a branching stem, thick and rough close to the base. Leaves are serrate, pinnate, with long petioles. It produces a large, flat, yellow inflorescence at the top of the branches.[5][6]

Uses

A gum resin (mostly gum) known as opopanax can be extracted from this plant by cutting at the base of a stem and sun-drying the juice that flows out. It has a strong unpleasant odor, unlike the perfumery's opopanax which is aromatic.[4]

Flowers of Opopanax chironium

The resin has been used in the treatment of spasms,[5] and, before that, as an emmenagogue, in the treatment of asthma, chronic visceral infections, hysteria and hypochondria.[4] Opopanax resin is most frequently sold in dried irregular pieces, though tear-shaped gems are not uncommon.[5]

Distribution and habitat

The plant thrives in warm climates like Iran, Italy, Greece and Turkey, but also grows in cooler climates.[2][5] Some view opopanax grown in cooler climates as being of inferior quality.

References

  1. ^ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
  2. ^ a b "Opopanax chironium". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  3. ^ Catalogue of Life
  4. ^ a b c Remington, J.P.; Wood, H.C. (1918). The Dispensatory of the United States of America (20th ed.). Philadelphia & London: J.B. Lippincott Company. p. 1526.
  5. ^ a b c d Botanical
  6. ^ Enciclopedia Treccani
  • Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora Europaea.
This page was last edited on 22 March 2021, at 23:15
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