Okhota

Okhota Охота
Last stretch of the Okhota Sentinel-2 image
Location
Country	Russia
Physical characteristics

Source
• location	Suntar-Khayata Range

Mouth	Sea of Okhotsk
• coordinates	59°19′42″N 143°04′21″E / 59.32833°N 143.07250°E / 59.32833; 143.07250
Length	393 km (244 mi)
Basin size	11,900 square kilometres (4,600 sq mi)

Discharge
• average	200 cubic metres per second (7,100 cu ft/s)

The Okhota (Russian: Охота) is a river in Okhotsky District, Khabarovsk Krai which flows south to the Sea of Okhotsk.^[1] It is 393 kilometres (244 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 19,100 square kilometres (7,400 sq mi).^[2]

Etymology

While the name of the river literally means "hunt" in Russian, it is the corruption of the Even word окат (okat) meaning "river".^[3]^[4]

Course

The Okhota begins in the Suntar-Khayata Range at about 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above sea level at the junction of the Left Okhota and Right Okhota rivers. These are about 10 kilometres (6 mi) long and start from an elevation of 1,800 to 2,000 metres (5,900 to 6,600 ft). First it flows as a mountain stream. Further downstream it flows to the west of the Kukhtuy and east of the Urak river. It heads southwards in a wide valley between the Yudoma and Kukhtuy Ranges until its mouth in the Sea of Okhotsk near Novoye Ustye, west of the port town of Okhotsk. The lower reaches of the river are navigable for small craft. The Okhota is frozen from early November to May.^[1] Snow cover in the valley can last until late June.

Flora and fauna

The banks of the river are mostly forested. There is an important salmon run. Salvelinus neiva is a char species found in the river basin.^[5]

History

In the fur hunting trade, since there are no easy portages to the Okhota, the Russians usually approached Okhotsk from the Urak or the Ulya to the west. The only main route that used the Okhota ran from the "corner" of the Yudoma over the 100-kilometre (62 mi) Okhotsk Portage to the Okhota about 100 kilometres north of its mouth. There was some pasture along the river but not enough to keep many Yakutsk pack-horses over winter. Larch was cut and floated down the river for shipbuilding. Around 1750 there were 37 peasant families and from 1735 a few Yakut cattlemen.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b Охота (река в Хабаровском крае), (tr. "Okhota (river in the Khabarovsk Territory): Definition of "(literally) Hunting (river in the Khabarovsk Territory)" in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia") Great Soviet Encyclopedia, accessed 4 November 2022
^ "Река Охота (в верховье Лев. Охота) in the State Water Register of Russia". textual.ru (in Russian). (tr. "River Okhota (in the upper reaches of the Lev. Okhota)")
^ "Охота". Вода России (in Russian). Retrieved 2020-06-15.
^ F.K Komarov, Словарь русской транскрипции эвенкийских и эвенских терминов и слов, встречающихся в географических названиях Сибири и Дальнего Востока, 1967
^ Fishbase - Salvelinus neiva
^ James R Gibson, Feeding the Russian Fur Trade, 1969