To install click the Add extension button. That's it.

The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time.

4,5
Kelly Slayton
Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea!
Alexander Grigorievskiy
I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like.
What we do. Every page goes through several hundred of perfecting techniques; in live mode. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better.
.
Leo
Newton
Brights
Milds

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

newton
Visualization of one newton of force
General information
Unit systemSI
Unit offorce
SymbolN
Named afterSir Isaac Newton
Conversions
1 N in ...... is equal to ...
   SI base units   1 kgms−2
   CGS units   105 dyn
   Imperial units   0.224809 lbf

The newton (symbol: N) is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined as , the force which gives a mass of 1 kilogram an acceleration of 1 metre per second squared.

It is named after Isaac Newton in recognition of his work on classical mechanics, specifically his second law of motion.

YouTube Encyclopedic

  • 1/5
    Views:
    138 381
    6 037
    26 458
    7 282
    32 164
  • What is a Newton? An Explanation
  • What is a Newton? | Learn about a Newton and how it is used to measure force | Hamrony Square
  • 1 Newton is equal to how many dyne (conversion of Newton to dyne)
  • Newton (unit)
  • What is a Newton?

Transcription

Definition

A newton is defined as (it is a named derived unit defined in terms of the SI base units).[1]: 137  One newton is, therefore, the force needed to accelerate one kilogram of mass at the rate of one metre per second squared in the direction of the applied force.[2]

The units "metre per second squared" can be understood as measuring a rate of change in velocity per unit of time, i.e. an increase in velocity by 1 metre per second every second.[2]

In 1946, the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) Resolution 2 standardized the unit of force in the MKS system of units to be the amount needed to accelerate 1 kilogram of mass at the rate of 1 metre per second squared. In 1948, the 9th CGPM Resolution 7 adopted the name newton for this force.[3] The MKS system then became the blueprint for today's SI system of units.[4] The newton thus became the standard unit of force in the Système international d'unités (SI), or International System of Units.[3]

The newton is named after Isaac Newton. As with every SI unit named for a person, its symbol starts with an upper case letter (N), but when written in full, it follows the rules for capitalisation of a common noun; i.e., newton becomes capitalised at the beginning of a sentence and in titles but is otherwise in lower case.

The connection to Newton comes from Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force exerted on an object is directly proportional to the acceleration hence acquired by that object, thus:[5]

where represents the mass of the object undergoing an acceleration . When using the SI unit of mass, the kilogram (), and SI units for distance metre (), and time, second () we arrive at the SI definition of the newton:

Examples

At average gravity on Earth (conventionally, ), a kilogram mass exerts a force of about 9.8 newtons.

  • An average-sized apple at 200 g exerts about two newtons of force at Earth's surface, which we measure as the apple's weight on Earth.
(where 62 kg is the world average adult mass).[6]

Kilonewtons

A carabiner used in rock climbing, with a safety rating of 26 kN when loaded along the spine with the gate closed, 8 kN when loaded perpendicular to the spine, and 10 kN when loaded along the spine with the gate open.

Large forces may be expressed in kilonewtons (kN), where 1 kN = 1000 N. For example, the tractive effort of a Class Y steam train locomotive and the thrust of an F100 jet engine are both around 130 kN.

One kilonewton, 1 kN, is equivalent to 102.0 kgf, or about 100 kg of load under Earth gravity.

.

So, for example, a platform that shows it is rated at 321 kilonewtons (72,000 lbf) will safely support a 32,100-kilogram (70,800 lb) load.[citation needed]

Conversion factors

Units of force
newton dyne kilogram-force,
kilopond
pound-force poundal
1 N ≡ 1 kg⋅m/s2 = 105 dyn ≈ 0.10197 kp ≈ 0.22481 lbf ≈ 7.2330 pdl
1 dyn = 10–5 N  1 g⋅cm/s2  1.0197×10−6 kp  2.2481×10−6 lbf  7.2330×10−5 pdl
1 kp = 9.80665 N = 980665 dyn  gn × 1 kg  2.2046 lbf  70.932 pdl
1 lbf  4.448222 N  444822 dyn  0.45359 kp  gn × 1 lb  32.174 pdl 
1 pdl  0.138255 N  13825 dyn  0.014098 kp  0.031081 lbf  1 lb⋅ft/s2
The value of gn as used in the official definition of the kilogram-force (9.80665 m/s2) is used here for all gravitational units.
Three approaches to units of mass and force or weight[7][8]
Base Force Weight Mass
2nd law of motion m = F/a F = Wa/g F = ma
System BG GM EE M AE CGS MTS SI
Acceleration (a) ft/s2 m/s2 ft/s2 m/s2 ft/s2 Gal m/s2 m/s2
Mass (m) slug hyl pound-mass kilogram pound gram tonne kilogram
Force (F),
weight (W)
pound kilopond pound-force kilopond poundal dyne sthène newton
Pressure (p) pound per square inch technical atmosphere pound-force per square inch standard atmosphere poundal per square foot barye pieze pascal
Standard prefixes for the metric units of measure (multiples)
Prefix name N/A deca hecto kilo mega giga tera peta exa zetta yotta ronna quetta
Prefix symbol da h k M G T P E Z Y R Q
Factor 100 101 102 103 106 109 1012 1015 1018 1021 1024 1027 1030
Standard prefixes for the metric units of measure (submultiples)
Prefix name N/A deci centi milli micro nano pico femto atto zepto yocto ronto quecto
Prefix symbol d c m μ n p f a z y r q
Factor 100 10−1 10−2 10−3 10−6 10−9 10−12 10−15 10−18 10−21 10−24 10−27 10−30

See also

References

  1. ^ Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (2019). The International System of Units (SI) (PDF) (9 ed.). Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). p. 137. Archived from the original on 30 September 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Newton | unit of measurement". Encyclopædia Britannica. 17 December 2020. Archived from the original on 27 September 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
  3. ^ a b The International System of Units (SI) (1977 ed.). U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards. 1977. p. 17. ISBN 9282220451. Archived from the original on 11 May 2016. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
  4. ^ David B. Newell; Eite Tiesinga, eds. (2019). The International System of Units (SI) (PDF) (NIST Special publication 330, 2019 ed.). Gaithersburg, MD: NIST. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
  5. ^ "Table 3. Coherent derived units in the SI with special names and symbols". The International System of Units (SI). International Bureau of Weights and Measures. 2006. Archived from the original on 18 June 2007.
  6. ^ Walpole, Sarah Catherine; Prieto-Merino, David; et al. (18 June 2012). "The weight of nations: an estimation of adult human biomass". BMC Public Health. 12 (12): 439. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-439. PMC 3408371. PMID 22709383.
  7. ^ Comings, E. W. (1940). "English Engineering Units and Their Dimensions". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 32 (7): 984–987. doi:10.1021/ie50367a028.
  8. ^ Klinkenberg, Adrian (1969). "The American Engineering System of Units and Its Dimensional Constant gc". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 61 (4): 53–59. doi:10.1021/ie50712a010.
This page was last edited on 26 March 2024, at 12:34
Basis of this page is in Wikipedia. Text is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License. Non-text media are available under their specified licenses. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. WIKI 2 is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wikimedia Foundation.