Nazira Jumblatt | |
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| Born | 1890 |
| Died | 27 March 1951 (aged 60–61) |
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Nazira Jumblatt (1890–1951) (Arabic: نظيره جنبلاط) was a Druze leader and the mother of Lebanese politician and Kamal Jumblatt. She was styled sitt (lady in Arabic).[1]
Biography
Nazira was born in 1890, and her parents were Faris and Afrida Said Jumblatt.[2] Her maternal grandfather, Said, died in prison of tuberculosis on 11 May 1861.[3] She was educated at home by her grandmother and private teachers and learned both English and French.[2]
She married Fouad Jumblatt in 1905 when she was 15.[2] Their children were Kamal Jumblatt and Linda Al Atrash who was killed in her house in East Beirut on 27 May 1976 during the civil war.[2][4][5] Nazira took on the political role and the leadership of the Jumblatt family upon the assassination of her husband Fouad Jumblatt in 1921.[2][6] She ran the family affairs until 1943 when her son Kamal took the reins of political and family leadership into his own hands.[2][6] Unlike her son, she was close to the French authorities.[2]
Following the assassination of Fouad Jumblatt, the Jumblatt family groups, the Mukhtara and the Biramiya groups, had internal conflicts.[6] The former was led by Nazira, and the latter by Ali Jumblatt and his son Hikmat who challenged the leadership of Nazira.[6] Nazira managed to end this struggle in 1937 when her daughter Linda married Hikmat.[6] Through Nazira's attempts the Druze rebellion in Hauran occurred between 1925 and 1927 did not expand to other regions.[6] One of her personal friend and and advisers was Paul Peter Meouchi, a Maronite bishop.[7] Nazira died on 27 March 1951.[8]
Legacy
French novelist Pierre Benoit used Al-Sitt Nazira as the model for the heroine of his 1924 novel La Châtelaine du Liban (the Châtelaine of Lebanon).[9][10] Sitt Nazira was also the main subject of the 2003 Lebanese documentary Lady of the Palace.
References
- ^ Bernard Reich, ed. (1990). Political Leaders of the Contemporary Middle East and North Africa: A Biographical Dictionary. New York; Westport, CT; London: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-26213-5.
- ^ a b c d e f g Eyal Zisser (2017). "Under the Glass Ceiling and in the Family 'Cage': The Role of Women in Lebanese Politics". Interdisciplinary Middle Eastern Studies. 1: 13–16.
- ^ Kamal S. Salibi (1965). The Modern History of Lebanon. New York: Frederick A. Praeger. p. 109. hdl:2027/heb00935.0001.001. OCLC 317457986.
- ^ Fawwaz Traboulsi (2012). A History of Modern Lebanon (2nd ed.). London: Pluto Press. p. 206. doi:10.2307/j.ctt183p4f5. ISBN 9780745332741. JSTOR j.ctt183p4f5.
- ^ Henry Tanner (18 May 1976). "Sister of Moslem Leader Is Murdered in Lebanon". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f Yusri Hazran (2015). "How Elites Can Maintain their Power in the Middle East: The Junblat Family as a Case Study". Middle Eastern Studies. 51 (3): 356–357. doi:10.1080/00263206.2014.976621. S2CID 143880985.
- ^ Sami E. Baroudi (2006). "Divergent Perspectives among Lebanon's Maronites during the 1958 Crisis". Critique: Critical Middle Eastern Studies. 15 (1): 13. doi:10.1080/10669920500515093.
- ^ "Timeline. Death of Nazirah Jumblatt". Kamal Jumblatt Digital Library. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
- ^ Travaux et jours (in French). Beirut: Université Saint-Joseph. 1998. p. 112.
- ^ Edmond Jouve (1991). Pierre Benoit, témoin de son temps: actes du colloque de l'Association des écrivains de langue française (ADELF) à Masclat (Lot) (in French). Editions Albin Michel. ISBN 978-2-226-05705-1.
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This page was last edited on 11 February 2024, at 14:22