Moirang

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Moirang Keke Moilang, Kege Moirang
town
A statue of Netaji Subhashchandra Bose in the INA Memorial Complex in Moirang
Moirang Show map of Manipur Moirang Show map of India
Coordinates: 24°30′N 93°46′E / 24.5°N 93.77°E / 24.5; 93.77
Country	India
State	Manipur
District	Bishnupur
Elevation	766 m (2,513 ft)
Population (2001)
• Total	16,684
Language(s)
• Official	Meitei (Manipuri)
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
Vehicle registration	MN
Website	manipur.gov.in

Moirang (Meitei: /moi.rāŋ/^[1]) is a town in the Indian state of Manipur, best known for the tentatively listed UNESCO World Heritage Sites of the Keibul Lamjao Conservation Area (KLCA), covering Keibul Lamjao National Park (KLNP), the world's only floating national park,^[2]^[3] the buffer of Loktak Lake (140 sq km) and Pumlen Pat (43 sq. km).^[4]^[5] It is best known for the being the place of origin of the ancient epic legend of Khamba and Thoibi, one of the seven epic cycles of incarnations of Meitei mythology and folklore.^[6]^[7] Nationwide, it is also famous for the INA War Museum in the INA Martyrs' Memorial Complex, where Colonel Shaukat Malik of the Indian National Army hoisted the Tricolour for the first time on Indian soil on 14 April 1944.^[8] It is situated approximately 45 km (28 mi) south of the state capital Imphal. It has an area of 269 km² (104 sq mi) with a population of 62,187 in 67 villages. There are 12 Panchayats in this block.

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History

Epic cycles of incarnations and the Khamba Thoibi

Historically, the town of Moirang is famous for the ancient temple of the deity, Thangching (Thangjing) and the legendary love story of "Khamba Thoibi". In a village named Ngangkhaleikai, the old cloth used by Khamba and Nongban are still preserved. The epic story of "Khamba-Thoibi" begins between a beautiful princess name Thoibi daughter of Wangon Ningthou Chingkhu Naha Telheiba, and an orphan man named Khuman Khamba. Khamba was raised up by her own sister when both their parents died when they were very young. Khamnu used to go around the village for pounding grain and lend a hand to others household works at her young age. In return she fed her brother from the less amount of grain that others paid in gratitude of helping to their household works.

Powerful clan

In ancient times, the king of Moirang was considered as the most powerful among the seven clan kings of Manipur. Till the end of Khamba-Thoibi era the Burmese King paid the annual war reparations money to the Moirang king.

World War II and the INA

During World War II, Moirang was the headquarters of Indian National Army (INA). Colonel Shaukat Malik of the Indian National Army hoisted the Tricolour for the first time on Indian soil on 14 April 1944, in Moirang with the help of Manipuris like Shri Mairembam Koireng Singh and others who were members of the INA. The INA Museum at Moirang displays some wartime relics and photographs. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, himself also hoisted the Tricolour flag of Indian Independence on 30 December 1943 in Jimkhana Club Port Blair. In which time Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was commander in chief of INA and Hon. President of Indian Government which recognized by 18 countries.

Culture

The month long Lai Haraoba festival held between mid-May to June originated from Moirang.^{[citation needed]} The graceful Khamba Thoibi dance also originated here at Moirang.^{[citation needed]}

Geography

Moirang is located at 24°30′N 93°46′E / 24.5°N 93.77°E / 24.5; 93.77.^[9] It has an average elevation of 766 metres (2513 feet).

Tourist places

Ibudhou Thangjing Temple: It is an ancient temple of Moirang, dedicated to Lord Thangjing. Lai Haraoba festival is found at its greatest pace here.
Indian National Army (INA) complex: Apart from being an ancient suzerainty, Moirang today, is all the more akin to India's political history. It was on 14 April 1944 that the flag of the Indian National Army (INA) was for the second time hoisted on the Indian Soil of Moirang (first time tri colour flag for Indian Independence hoisted by himself Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, INA Chief Commander & President of Indian National Government in Port Blair- Shahid Swaraj Dweep on 30 December 1943) about 45 km away from Imphal, the capital of Manipur. The INA Museum at Moirang is a treasure of relics connected with Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose's struggle against British imperialism to emancipate the Indian motherland.
Loktak lake: The legendary Loktak lake of Manipur is said to be largest fresh water lake in the entire North East. The lake, in fact, has an intrinsic influence on the economy of communities who inhabit the surroundings of the lake by its natural produce like fish and other varieties of vegetables from the greenery around the lake.
Sendra Island: Sendra, although a small hillock entangled by the lake-water on all sides is linked with the mainland through a pathway. A tourist lodge is put up on the hilltop which is equipped with modern amenities, including a cafeteria.
Keibul Lamjao National Park: The only floating National Park in the world, on the Loktak Lake is the last natural habitat of the Sangai (Rucervus eldii eldii), the dancing deer of Manipur. A glimpse of the deer in this unique wetland ecosystem is a must for any wildlife enthusiast. Other wildlife to mention a few are: Hog deer, Otter and a host of water fowls and migratory birds can also be sighted during November to March. The forest Department of Manipur maintains watch towers and two rest houses within the park.
Phubala: This is another locality with a close affinity to Moirang as well as the lake of Loktak, on the bank of which the place is situated. Boating as well as other water relocated sports are being introduced at Phubala. The story of Phubala Hanuba (an oldman of Phubala) is an episode with terrific humour within the trend of the story of Khamba – Thoibi.

Transport

Moirang is well connected with Imphal and Churachandpur through NH-150. Moirang-Kumbi and Moirang-Thanga are the other important district roads connected to Moirang town.

Demographics

As of 2001^[update] India census,^[10] Moirang had a population of 16,684. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Moirang has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 55%. In Moirang, 13% of the population is under six years of age.

Religion in Moirang town (2011)^[11]
Religion			Percent
Hinduism			95.22%
Sanamahism			2.97%
Christianity			1.47%
Others			0.34%

Politics

Moirang is part of Inner Manipur (Lok Sabha constituency).^[12]

References

^ Sharma, H. Surmangol (2006). "Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary". dsal.uchicago.edu (in Manipuri and English). University of Chicago. p. 154. Retrieved 16 March 2023. moirāng ꯃꯣꯏꯔꯥꯡ /moi.raŋ/ n. 1) Moirang: name of a historically important place in Manipur. 2) name of a Meitei clan.
^ "The Floating Islands of India". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 7 May 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2023. The largest island is home to the Keibul Lamjao, the world's only floating national park. It serves as a habitat for the endangered brow-antlered sangai, or "dancing deer," whose hooves have adapted to the island's spongy ground. The park, covering 15 square miles (40 km2), was specifically created to preserve the deer, which were once thought to be extinct.
^ McKechnie, Ben. "The world's only floating national park". www.bbc.com. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Keibul Lamjao Conservation Area". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
^ "Keibul Lamjao Conservation Area | For UNESCO World Heritage Travellers". www.worldheritagesite.org. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
^ Oinam, Bhagat; Sadokpam, Dhiren A. (11 May 2018). Northeast India: A Reader. Taylor & Francis. pp. 236, 237. ISBN 978-0-429-95320-0. Numerous manuscripts of the Moirang region dwell on the theme of love. One of the most popular stories refers to the seven pairs of lovers who are regarded as incarnations of the same souls in different generations or age.
^ Datta, Amaresh (1987). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo. India: Sahitya Akademi. p. 349. ISBN 978-81-260-1803-1. The epic ballad cycle of the incarnations of Moirang which is nine in number according to some and only seven according to others is a grand majestic saga of the eternal triangle in which generations after generations would find reflections of the various hopes, ideals and aspirations of each age.
^ Sharma, G. Amarjit (5 July 2021). State vs. Society in Northeast India: History, Politics and the Everyday. SAGE Publishing India. p. 82. ISBN 978-93-91370-45-9.
^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Moirang
^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
^ "Population by religion community – 2011". Census of India, 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 25 August 2015.
^ "Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies" (PDF). Manipur. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 7 October 2008.^{[permanent dead link]}