Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1

HLA-DQA1

Available structures

Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB

List of PDB id codes
1JK8, 1S9V, 2NNA, 4GG6, 4OZF, 4OZG, 4OZH, 4OZI

Identifiers

Aliases

HLA-DQA1, CD, CELIAC1, DQ-A1, GSE, HLA-DQA, Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1, DQA1

External IDs

OMIM: 146880 MGI: 95895 HomoloGene: 123820 GeneCards: HLA-DQA1

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 6 (human)^[1]

Band	6p21.32	Start	32,628,179 bp^[1]
Band	6p21.32	End	32,647,062 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 17 (mouse)^[2]

Band	17 B1\|17 17.98 cM	Start	34,501,718 bp^[2]
Band	17 B1\|17 17.98 cM	End	34,506,797 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

gallbladder

rectum

monocyte

right lung

visceral pleura

spleen

lymph node

upper lobe of left lung

appendix

right coronary artery

Top expressed in

spleen

Paneth cell

thymus

submandibular gland

right lung

right lung lobe

superior surface of tongue

white adipose tissue

right ventricle

carotid body

More reference expression data

BioGPS

n/a

Gene ontology
Molecular function	peptide antigen binding MHC class II receptor activity protein binding
Cellular component	integral component of membrane endocytic vesicle membrane clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane endosome Golgi apparatus trans-Golgi network membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane Golgi membrane plasma membrane transport vesicle membrane integral component of plasma membrane MHC class II protein complex lysosomal membrane endoplasmic reticulum ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane lysosome integral component of lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane endosome membrane
Biological process	antigen processing and presentation antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway immune system process T cell costimulation antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II immune response T cell receptor signaling pathway adaptive immune response
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


3117


14960

Ensembl

ENSG00000236418 ENSG00000206305 ENSG00000225890 ENSG00000232062 ENSG00000196735
ENSG00000228284


ENSMUSG00000036594

UniProt


P01909

P14434 P14437 P01910 P14435 P14438
P04228 P14436 P04227

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_002122


NM_010378

RefSeq (protein)


NP_002113


NP_034508

Location (UCSC)

Chr 6: 32.63 – 32.65 Mb

Chr 17: 34.5 – 34.51 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1, also known as HLA-DQA1, is a human gene present on short arm of chromosome 6 (6p21.3) and also denotes the genetic locus which contains this gene.^[5] The protein encoded by this gene is one of two proteins that are required to form the DQ heterodimer, a cell surface receptor essential to the function of the immune system.

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Transcription

Function

HLA-DQA1 belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DQA) and a beta chain (DQB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen-presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages).^[5]

Gene structure and polymorphisms

The alpha chain contains 5 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular protein domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DQ molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to 4 different molecules. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow transplantation.^[5]^[6]

Alleles

DQ1

There are four commonly encountered DQA1 alleles: DQA1*0101, *0102, *0103, *0104. These alleles are always found in haplotypes with HLA-DQB1*05 (DQ5) and HLA-DQB1*06 (DQ6). DQ1 is a serotype, rare among serotypes for human class II antigens, in that the antibodies to DQ1 react to the alpha chain of HLA DQ, these DQA1 allele gene products.

HLA-DQA1 alleles
	DQA1	linked DQB1 allele
DQ1	*0101	*0501	*0301
	*0102	*0502	*0504	*0602	*0604	*0605	*0609
	*0103	*0501	*0502	*0601	*0602	*0603
	*0104	*0501	*0503	*0602
	*0105	rare
	*0106	rare
See haplotype table in HLA-DQ. Unbolded are rare haplotypes
Link to haplotypes can be followed by DQB1 alleles

Other

The other DQA1 alleles have no defined serotype. There are 5 groups, DQA1*02, *03, *04, *05, *06. DQA1 within these groups are either invariant or produce the same α-chain subunit. DQA1*02 and DQA1*06 contain only one allele. DQA1*03 has three alleles which each produce nearly identical α³. For DQA1*05, the DQA1*0501 and DQA1*0505 produce identical α⁵. Other DQA1*05 exist that produce variant α^5var, but these are rare.

HLA-DQA1 alleles
DQA1	linked DQB1 allele
*0201	*0202	*0303
*0301	*0202	*0302
*0302
*0303	*0301	*0602
*0401	*0303	*0401	*0402
*0501	*0201
*0505	*0301
*0601	*0301
See haplotype table in HLA-DQ. Unbolded are rare haplotypes
Link to haplotypes can be followed by DQB1 alleles

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ENSG00000206305, ENSG00000225890, ENSG00000232062, ENSG00000196735, ENSG00000228284 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000236418, ENSG00000206305, ENSG00000225890, ENSG00000232062, ENSG00000196735, ENSG00000228284 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000036594 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Entrez Gene: HLA-DQA1 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1".
^ Lau M, Terasaki PI, Park MS (1994). "International Cell Exchange, 1994". Clin Transpl: 467–88. PMID 7547576.

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v t e PDB gallery
1jk8: Crystal structure of a human insulin peptide-HLA-DQ8 complex 1s9v: Crystal structure of HLA-DQ2 complexed with deamidated gliadin peptide 1uvq: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-DQ0602 IN COMPLEX WITH A HYPOCRETIN PEPTIDE

v t e Major histocompatibility complex classes
MHC class I	HLA-A HLA-B HLA-C HLA-E HLA-F HLA-G
MHC class II	HLA-DM α β HLA-DO α β HLA-DP α1 β1 HLA-DQ α1 α2 β1 β2 β3 HLA-DR α β1 β3 β4 β5
Other	Human leukocyte antigen Minor histocompatibility antigen Blood transfusion Arrestin Calgranulin Human blood group systems Cell adhesion molecules Cluster of differentiation

This page was last edited on 12 August 2023, at 15:04