Louis Prang | |
|---|---|
 Louis Prang | |
| Born | March 12, 1824 |
| Died | June 15, 1909 (aged 85) Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Known for | Printing, lithography, publishing |
| Spouses |
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Louis Prang (March 12, 1824 – June 15, 1909) was an American printer, lithographer, publisher, and Georgist.[1] He is sometimes known as the "father of the American Christmas card".
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Not only was Boston crucial to the Civil War in supplying men and supplying the cause, Boston also supplies many of the weapons that win the war for the Union. In South Boston, we have the country's largest ironworks, started by Cyrus Alger's works, the Atlantic Ironworks, which produced most of the cannon used by the Union in the Civil War. We also have Harrison Loring's shipyard and other shipyards in South Boston that produce ironclad vessels and monitors, the low-lying vessels that will sink the Confederate ironclads. We also have, at the Boston Navy Yard, the production of ships for the war effort. So, we have Boston supplying weapons to fight the war and weapons that will help the Union win the war. And another industry in Boston that is going to be crucial to the war is one in Roxbury. Louis Prang was an immigrant from Germany who developed the process of chromolithography, a way of mass producing colored prints that then could be hung on the wall. So, one way Americans saw the war and remembered the war was through the chromolithography developed by Louis Prang, who did prints of various Civil War battles, just as another artist with Boston connections, Winslow Homer, did sketches of the war that were carried in newspapers. So, the Civil War, is in many ways, our first visual war, that people would see the battlefront, and through Prang's chromolithography they could see the colors of the clash of arms. So, we have Boston manufacturing the weapons with which the Union will win the war. and in his last annual message, President Lincoln goes through the industrial capabilities of the Union, and how these industrial capabilities had expanded during the war. And he said, "Not only are we not exhausted, we are not exhaustible." And we also have Boston developing the techniques that will allow Americans to visualize this war that is happening far away on the battlefront, and it may be worth mentioning that one of the great novels that comes out of the war is Louisa May Alcott's Little Women, about the family of women at home while father is away on the battlefront. But even though the men were away fighting, women and those who remained at home were still contributing through the making of weapons, the issuing of chromolithography, and through the work of Clara Barton and others by caring for those who were wounded on the battlefield.
Youth
Prang was born in Breslau in Prussian Silesia. His father Jonas Louis Prang was a textile manufacturer and of French Huguenot origin; his mother, Rosina Silverman, was German.[2] Because of health problems as a boy, Prang was unable to receive much standard schooling and became an apprentice to his father, learning engraving and calico dyeing and printing. In the early 1840s, Prang travelled around Bohemia working in printing and textiles. However, after some travel in Europe, he became involved in revolutionary activities in 1848. Pursued by the Prussian government, he went to Switzerland and in 1850 emigrated to the United States and Boston, Massachusetts.[citation needed]
Early work
Prang's early activities in the US publishing architectural books and making leather goods were not very successful, and he began to make wood engravings for illustrations in books. In 1851 he worked for Frank Leslie, art director for Gleason's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion, and later with John Andrew of John Andrew & Son[citation needed].
Lithography and career
In 1856, Prang and a partner created a press, Prang and Mayer, to produce lithographs. The company specialized in prints of buildings and towns in Massachusetts. In 1860, he bought out his partner, creating L. Prang & Company and began work in color printing of advertising and other forms of business materials.[3] The firm became quite successful, and became known for war maps, printed during the American Civil War and distributed by newspapers.
In 1864, Prang went to Europe to learn about cutting-edge German lithography.[2] Returning the next year, he began to create high quality reproductions of major art works. Prang also began creating series of popular album cards, advertised to be collected into scrapbooks, showing natural scenes and patriotic symbols. At Christmas 1873, Prang began creating greeting cards for the popular market in England and began selling the Christmas card in America in 1874; he is sometimes called the "father of the American Christmas card".[3] Prang is also known for his efforts to improve art education in the US, publishing instructional books and creating a foundation to train art teachers.
Prang was an active supporter of women artists, both commissioning and collecting artworks by women. Many of his lithographs featured works by female artists, such as the botanical illustration of Ellen Thayer Fisher. In 1881, his company employed more than one hundred women.[4]
In June 1886, Prang published a series of prints under the title Prang's War Pictures: Aquarelle Facsimile Prints.[5] These became popular and helped inspire a genre of such prints, particularly the series issued by Kurz and Allison.[5] However, Prang aimed at a more modern and individual treatment, as opposed to the panoramic style of Kurz and Allison, and before them, Currier and Ives.[6]
In 1897, L. Prang & Company merged with the Taber Art Company of New Bedford, Massachusetts,[7] creating the Taber-Prang Company and moved to Springfield, Massachusetts.
Prang died of pleuropneumonia on June 15, 1909, at the Glendale Sanitarium in Los Angeles.[8][9] He is buried in Forest Hills Cemetery in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts.
Louie Awards
Since 1988, the Greeting Card Association, the trade association representing the greeting card industry in the US, has held an annual award ceremony for the best greeting cards published that year. The awards are called Louies in recognition of Louis Prang.[10] The most successful winner of Louie Awards is Up With Paper - the original pop-up greeting card company.[11]
As of 2023, Up With Paper has won over 100 coveted Awards.[12]
Personal life
On November 1, 1851, Prang married Rosa Gerber, of Bern; she died on June 2, 1898, and on April 15, 1900, he married Mary Dana Hicks.[13]
Lithographs
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Poppies, 1885 -
Bicycling -
Civil War trompe l'oeil -
Dessert No. 4 -
Dogs Not Admitted -
A Friend in Suspense, (Boston Public Library) -
North Conway Meadows -
Beach Scene -
Christmas card by Louis Prang, showing a group of anthropomorphized frogs parading with banner and band. -
"Prang's Valentine cards" 1883 advertisement for L. Prang & Co., digitally restored. -
An Object Lesson (Boston Public Library) -
Fisherman bringing in their catch
See also
Notes
- ^ Mills, Benjamin Fay (1911). "Louis Prang, Popularizer of Art". Vocations, Vocational Guidance, Hall & Locke Company. 10: 254. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
- ^ a b "A Finding Aid to the Louis Prang papers". Archives of American Art. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved December 19, 2013.
- ^ a b Meggs, Philip B. A History of Graphic Design. 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 148. ISBN 0-471-29198-6.
- ^ "You Go Girl! Celebrating Women Artists" (PDF). The Heckscher Museum of Art. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
- ^ a b Neely, Mark E; Holzer, Harold (2000). The Union Image: Popular Prints of the Civil War North. The University of North Carolina Press. pp. 213–4. ISBN 0-8078-2510-7.
- ^ Neely, Mark E; Holzer, Harold (2000). The Union Image: Popular Prints of the Civil War North. The University of North Carolina Press. pp. 219–222. ISBN 0-8078-2510-7.
- ^ "Art Publishers Consolidate". The American Stationer. May 18, 1897. pp. 774–775. Retrieved January 29, 2019.
- ^ "Noted Color Printer Dies". Los Angeles Herald. June 16, 1909. Retrieved January 29, 2019.
- ^ "Louis Prang". The New York Times. June 16, 1909. Retrieved January 29, 2019.
- ^ "Greeting Card Association".
- ^ Persnickety, Melissa Weiler. "35th Annual Louie Awards". greetingcard.org.
- ^ "Honoring the best cards of the year". August 25, 2023.
- ^ Prang, Louis in Who's Who in America (1901-1902 edition), via archive.org
References
- Bethany Neubauer (February 2000). "Prang, Louis". American National Biography Online. Taber Prang Art Co.
External links
- The Winterthur Library Overview of an archival collection on Louis Prang
- Louis Prang & Company Collection The Boston Public Library's Louis Prang & Company Collection on Flickr.com
- Prang maps at the British Library
- The Louis Prang papers, 1848–1932, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution
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This page was last edited on 4 April 2024, at 15:07