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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lotus Europa
1972 Lotus Europa Special
Overview
ManufacturerLotus Cars[1]
Production
  • 1966–1975
    Numbers made:
  • Series S1: 296
  • Series S1A/S1B: 342
  • Series S2: 4,294
  • Series Twin Cam: 4,950
  • 2006–2010
AssemblyEngland: Hethel, Norfolk
Designer
Body and chassis
ClassSports car (S)
Body style2-door coupe
LayoutLongitudinal, Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,337 mm (92 in)
Length4,064 mm (160 in)
Width1,714 mm (67.5 in)
Height1,080 mm (42.5 in)
Kerb weight610 to 710 kg (1,350 to 1,570 lb)
Chronology
SuccessorLotus Esprit (Europa only)

The Lotus Europa name is used on two distinct mid-engine GT cars built by British automobile manufacturer Lotus Cars. The original Europa and its variants comprise the Lotus Types 46, 47, 54, 65 and 74, and were produced between 1966 and 1975.

The name was later revived in the Type 121 Europa S, a sports car based on the Lotus Elise produced from 2006 to 2010.

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  • Overhaulin Lotus Europa

Transcription

month some body work thousands of man-hours countless meetings came most ambitious overhaul in build as this chassis is completely customized modified and unique there's no on the one like it in existence critical when you make some birdies on the move dream come true every weekend for the past 10 years John Nevins delivers sold it to Jay Leno's Big Dawg garage but his biggest contribution is volunteering his time Big Dawg garage Gran garaje Dawg on dozens of restoration projects unfortunately his prize 1972 Lotus Europa that he waste and drove on the street luaka geez garage his dream was the quarterback on the track for him it had used the race so the guys at the Big Dawg garage asked us to help surprise John with an overhaul we thought this would be a great way to say thank you can own and you have no idea mclean ship as a design any a team has been working overtime Oklahoma John Nevins warm up old british pornstar ever get finished at all saying you give a guy a hero but himself there's no turning back at this point gotta get it done dreams don't become reality by accident thanks a lot of blood sweat and determination point that allow that shopping you know just be johnnie Oklahoma certain Lotus Europa today in rome wasn't built in a day four states at least of time can take its toll on the car these cars are still below buy dollars our goals today into the airlines to resign yes and restore the call from least to bed again the time here online design team should face and the capable hands and 18 each week will find a deserving person and supplies and with resurrecting its the little you will be changing was beyond repair that's a pile or no right there there you go that's been replaced with the powerful new engine from the Lotus Elise mounted in line tweaky mocks adapter any Porsche Boxster transactional it's too much horsepower for the existing platform so we have to make this car work with that engine countless body modifications have been completed jeanne moos a friend like building ships updated design from practice little fiberglass takes time Mar insiders and world-renowned target by Jay Leno you guys knows we're faced with a big challenge he was anxious to come down to your own shop to see how we're doing only weeks away about to return to work today now the rest the project we're gonna finish at your shop her if about I guess not tell us how you know john what kinda guys well john was Rs become someone up John cuz he would deliver filled with them enough to our car shop many would start pitching in a can you help us move this oh okay and then pretty soon it became a regular fixture around the shop I think he had this car thirty-something years and thought it was at our shop just sit back there for the longest time and you know every little part is seventy-five dollars 125 you know that kinda deal I just it fell by the wayside not only just had a quick wasted he's got a real connection you'll know in connection with the sky erased it then crashed in infected and it was a was islamic dime si very labor intensive this bill that would like to write did you expect it to be this far along when you came to I knew there was more technical stuff involved in this is new territory this is redesigning and making sure it handles and drive and is safe to drive like a sports car i think im just gonna react when he just looks back on he has any idea this on the whole area would be hilarious if they I think you'll be stunned I yeah both don't forget the this car has been gone for a year the gave it to Dave Sun I think it would be great okay jesse is being reinforced the engine exhaust and suspension has been measured and marked up to check ship now as engineers and you install the movie shock mounts to the ceiling on over the upper shock mount and then we just have a couple crosna was a bill St Albans coming up it a lighthouse and what it wants is he wants them to recessed it's not like that the backplate that we cut out is why I made the back plate for the tail light bucket so I've got those already locked in what it is it is I just gotta located glass the from the back side and as those that some tail lights I think it putting a modern engine 272 lotus is gonna make a quick enough both the supercharger on their really gets the heart racing of course job installing the supercharger to Lotus Elise engine is in good hands the guys that simply sports cars supercharger engineering and installation experts the scent in Pemberton all the way from Australia to help we supply the supercharger kits the race cars and trucks cars all over the world first media chartering value to wind up to the police once that's done hopefuls the manifold for need now is the time to cool off and I for forty and will be ready to go he makes it sound so simple mass txt of the supercharger japanese built engine in Germany gearbox in a british car property let's makes we've got a special guest today might were from wheeler dealers a chip are you doing and over on thank you very much it's great to be here full brings you the state I'm here fine call so we think its flagship here overhaul from the car from your home really we're gonna Lotus Europa I Love Lucy write the check it out fast movement is the road recognizable wow this is incredible trip what we don't think flexi we cut four inches offer the front and pulled it back which we've been through this section we know that the bumper that we're using the late model for sure headlights resisting those in pretty much rounder fender it looks absolutely stunning ship we certainly agree Mike thanks coming up I will call you have a home I am 64 okay a couple young man dream cars to chip him walking back handmade a dramatic fender fender fellini what he's done with you know you John Nevins blood sport stars been in his family since it was you he may have survived the seventies but it finally died after decades in Lacey me driving down the street wasted and crashed in and fixed it and it was a it was a zombie so the guys from Jay Leno's big garage asked us to surprise John with an overhaul although we are far from the finish line ship in the eighteen have already completed incredible list the modifications has movement this year old recognized to keep over ongoing call the seeded with a sec high-performance we'll this Lotus is basically a one-off race car so I wanted a three piece very light we'll chris is taking my joins the street is something the computer if we like it we're going to cut 'em game of finishing among the car but that stunning there we think this is this possible and as deep as possible in between this post to give us some real depth on a rare John if you don't like these are taken for myself your overall like to do good things for good people and now we've teamed up for the make-a-wish foundation system deserving youngsters can get to meet their hero Chip Foose I don't worry we're gonna see the Lotus walking with this price Lima Joseph R real beef and Vodafone their shop visits allow them unique access inside the workings in the show the line on the recorder originally was flat and also so was that we are well the rear bumper was up above but what we're trying to do is give this holes soft shape to the old car felker you have a home I have I am 64 celkon you and what year is your truck I have a serious tax he gets like to schedule your car's half they used to be known farm truck and actually Terry home head around when I'm ride home within three days ahead up and running ship this is awesome man I love it it there's no other word I love it call you think im doing some stock talent 4 p.m. rings why him comprises my step pretty much like were you thinkin here having been good they are photograph convincing back in August when we deconstruct ceremonies component of the original seats they will be restored I'm on a side effect john his have larger than was a few years back the beautiful seats beautiful from source producer is very extremists to his requested and received are two inches wider save already marked out center line I gotta do is taken to cutting device split you and I make this trip while then we know 21 think alright and Jacob hand and maybe some four inch plates so we can spent two inch gap on the outside and then all I'm doing is I love well linden and we can go ahead and send them clean up and recovery and none of the imposter you're about to witness Chip Foose going to a very dark place but that's what's required when you go from a 13 inch wheel to an 18 inch wheel please remember that no eighteen members hand in what you're about to see we got the wheels and tires back and now it's time to move fit those to the car and my goal here's I wanna actually flair the rear fender so a marquee also sponsored I'm not cut the body anonymous face all this out for the rate we're wanna we have to reclassify for all back together he's a fiberglass kinda mover I where you want new rear fender flares sorry radical design change taking place the call to the body lines fun also providing more space for lopez-mills amnesty bill to one of the wheels that we design for the car now we have the body to the wheel and tire why I wanted to pull itself you know where to go until we actually have the wheels and tires I can let the tire all the way up to its actual bump stop finish that position it from there I can position the body or make some sheet metal straps money back together knowing start piecing it back together with some fiberglass assist rancor windows on shrinking this to create a curve to it so the web right around that we were all bills true those fiber glass pieces to the strap 1 I've got the straps sheet metal here they're falling for the 50 S p's in a nice line we can outlast on either side of that shipment of with this trip that out finishing up then finish their senior is something got smashed up Matt I'm gonna put into the large valleys just so that from the backside the cracks will actually get filled in in all four corners for the same to start with so as much as you try to do as many relief cuts from one side to the other it doesn't always work out that way I had the metal straps that were there that I just removed I got that now it's solid now I'm just gonna finish off the crack the remaining Andreas as the rear in gear before ship can sign off on the front part of the body he was mock-up the front suspension on the chassis to check the space needed for complete we'll travel what I'm doing now is on coming up the bodywork I only know that with that suspension mount this is the only in the way for companies that work with the body on the fact that Melinda billion in now come up with the wheel on check it wanted to write and see if the proper title what we do it just doing it still ahead about midnight last night we found that we had a problem only a minor malfunction causing major setback in the bill service project is such a huge here against such things we had to go reinforcements this right where I can you make any more changes on or changes I'm still fiberglass in everyone you John Nevins faces 1972 Lotus Europa is in PCs game he would be most the right but instead of wasting way his friend days driveway it's coming together in the overhaul in shop I think it's we both a supercharger the Tucson go to use engine past 300 horsepower the bodies being reshaped and reinforced chassis is being ready for a high-performance suspension firewall this will definitely spend a lot of time going very fast in a straight line it has to turn what exactly did you from here well actually you know we set up the rear right height so that the car was at the height that we wanted and we knew the front would have to change what we had to get all the spindles and a break so that we can now all that check in with the wheels and what we found is we need to lift the suspension mount points an inch-and-a-half up at the same time and move them into inches we've got the right that we wanted and we got clears that we need so you can turn wheel inside that we were the color change in another the chassis many times and this won't be the last mean I am getting engine trans axle back in the Lotus chassis so that we can run on our break find fuel lines call lines got a slave solar wind around so we had the same back in here bolted up for not coming down it's a little bit of a complex process due to the fact the bodies that's right over top on this channel so everything has to be inside was small changes that would put stuff in there and and it was in the way a lot of trial in there because yep from the start nothing is stock nothing came from Lotus first came from Lowes but not for this Lotus we get to the back we have to make sure that the suspension is not going to get on anything and it's going to function properly I got the final steel brake line made I had do a single flare on it but at the same boat for the masses owner can run in the back elaborates going I here's the when a friend of the lowest marking are sending him down we actually get his powder coated so we're just trying to make sure that everything is find out before going out all the final details on the poppers we get the rear when finished rarely go the crime shop just got a couple indentations that I wanna fill where we put the stars to both the bumper on what I'm doing the wires if I hold that on the bumper across the surface I can tell if the surface is low or high just by a little gap that you would see on the news wire but looks good to me now this is the first supercharged release engine put in a row to row back cell its gonna get really tight inside that ends in May okay so about midnight last night we we found 3 we had a problem this intake plenum inlet for it was facing to the from the car we needed facing to the rear the car so we had a couple Holden tire top of it and reverses 180 degrees and re well it to the top it that required a lot of fabrication we had a overcome some showers but we got it done the a-team is cut shave sentence the lowest body ships twenty percent retake on the design it's almost 40 years old for chips shows up next another modification it's a primer on this page popsicles once the interior wheel wells influx of the master of he'll be happy outside pales in the car with fiberglass peacetime fractions of prime we're gonna go ahead and let it sit overnight and then we're gonna be back at in the morning for this project is such a huge undertaking in Mira against such big deadlines that we have a caller reinforcements so here whose design sports and his team were inside work on the car right now from building the pedal assembly map I one actually not that to the framework and of mounting in 2005 less body this original pedal assembly falls to the floor which pushed the petals back now what I've done as i fucked up butter on top and is gonna actually be a hanging pedal assembly and by doing that I've gained almost seven inches a foot room relocating the pedal box allows the body to come off and go back on easily I barely reach the pedals and john is a big guy so it's gonna fit him now you know was just so tight we also had to raise the steering wheel because was an actually blocked the view gauges we actually have the steering setup so when you turn it all the way to the left you can see where we need to put that in a tub John's lotus has seen a few miles from the better for tow truck next up the body shop feel it seems like we've been prepping the lowest for pain from Monsey know why because we have they're more custom details on this car allow women in Beverly Hills let's go inside 50 teams up to 30 first everything safety on who are you and one and only thing you know I am glassman glassman I did this for almost about 14 to 15 years straight I look like that every day for all those years you know this Syrian so method to my madness didn't feel like it more than I was tougher yeah chainsaws been a long haul I'm actually excited today you know in the end a lot of stuff I think also I'm phone calls problem trade seems like you've been working on this car for reliance the hour at the final stage now so just gonna test fit everything before you head over the pain less important thing right marking everything I'm thinking during the fence %uh there's no turning back at this point gotta get it done I've got this headline opening exactly the shape that I want it now I make a quick pattern flip it over to the other side won the ways I can make that patterns by using masking tape following right around is opening that I've made I made the inside safe that pattern but to get the line I think an outside line is gonna better some making it look better and get the outside life well and then I'll transfer that over not got the pattern that I need to make this headline opening nets this that I don't showing up we get an exclusive look inside ship sketchbook so I full day strike down but I didn't do gold a later the challenge up eighteen fiberglass of glasses is that it creates electricity what's do it inside your own shop John Nevins 1970 Team Lotus Europa has a new fee to charge the lease engine sparks were flying all around the chassis and over the body shop busy yes storm affected each team has their foot only on the gas even if we stopped right now this would still be the most heavily modified noticed the world on plant but this is overhauling and he is Chip Foose so it's getting more cuts here is your throttle body that came on this motor was a a run by wire you actually had a pedal up front that was controlled with the computer and there was just so what kinda air was coming into the motor for actually putting the old cell the cable German here so I built a new mount I have modified the intake manifold so stronger body can of to it we just felt the bracket for the throttle cable that'll just here as you pull actually opens up that problem by has one more that I don't but when you're in that position you're having a good time typically standing here with our hands in our pockets like we had all the time in the world now I known that is not the case and you my friend feels like you've been over there and inside intense and time in over the dungeons and but there s the guys that are getting that stuff dialed in what everybody else is over here working testing 54 building yet another okay well I'm going on over here the San in blocking going on there what is a potential pitfall between now and getting the store put back together my one concern is that this motor we've never fired and weave in and out there with the Boxster trans on it you know what is this just in the back of my mind that these parts have not actually been fired while there's still a lot of work to be done before the lotus is rainy you can get a preview of how to complete a karla ship is designed dozens a body mods he's won by itself is subtle but Adam altogether any he calls upon me Z ship does a quick sketch to illustrates some of the changes that were made to the body of course the paper is inquiring large enough to show them off inspired by the Lotus Racing Cars in the seventies paint schemes updated to reflect John's personality as we discovered at the insider me and he always talked about the factory wasting colors that there it was the red with white on the bottom in golden Center I'm a split that up with a lime green because John works for seven up they say the devil always lies in the details can't they will like fell John you may have blown it up but you didn't blow when you sold we've got it it's coming back this overall facility is unique because I is the chassis is getting as much attention and modification has the body's getting from front to back the chassis is completely customized modified and unique there's no other one like it in existence was actively working on right now just for suspension vets we just had to do %uh some little minor modifications it's almost like you're modifying as you go along mock something up doesn't fade gotta make retrofits to it like minute shift in the back right now when I all fit together and bodybuilders eyes can be one mean seen the difficult thing about the Lotus film everything has been step by step the list as all customer suspension in order to get the creek wait actually had make a measuring tool to measure for the length absolutely needed so when you cut and sleeve the PC material here so we can have an adjustable measuring tool if you don't have the measurement cracked the spiral clip Canyon coffee in the CV joint will come apart so we gotta go ahead make sure that we get the right measurement cataracts ordered if this thing back together with all the pressure to get this till finished at least we can work on the chassis and body separately you know the guys are still walking and standing on the body will notice the time has come we live next door to the main shopping actually put the body onto the chassis now everything fits this bad boy ready for the painful yes they will we have an exciting frame and a highly modified fiberglass body it's very important market the entire task to make sure we have clearance all components that Tiffany team are putting on is a bit of a be at thing for our we had his body on of the chassis many times but now there is a bit of a hang up from recent modifications but it's not from productive foods just a few minutes you should talk to their handsome grind for good just open up couple more and we get the body of it everything seems to not having fans from so simple of a pain months some body work thousands of man-hours callously nights and long weekends and the most ambitious overall until that ever is finally ready for paint p.m. glasses create electricity which suing cells yes hole at all now are sprinkled number one can think about here if call down a lot marguerite places along the hudson so here plane we get all today to be one on the car was it was emotional for me because I can't just stand there with me know an angel and Jerry in all the guys that have been doing fiberglass for so long on the bodywork for months and months and months it was really college lol I'm 0 said but morning the field say dummy he passes the front page flying colors still ahead a surprise awaits John in the Big Dawg garage no different also ahead the countdown to reveal has started less than twenty-four hours to go the Upstate NC for me your mom for the transmission in Berthoud most every weekend John Nevins volunteers his time to help with restoration project said Ximena Osegueda garage but when the crew the Big Dawg garage needed help to get john's blown-up 9780 notice you back on the road the time sauce yes this is the kinder gentler overall first has just a little bit and for sale kristen has something to do with your wheels well actually this is the basis that this whole show because data collected call me told me that his son at by Johns car and what he wanted for was a set of rims wheels offers new Camaro when I heard about this is also to me it didn't really wanna so as long as you but felt guilty because it had been sitting in the shop for six years storage fees and I said was your son in love with this guy was the only just wanted to do some with a cousin singer said from Glenville it and get back to my own anything about getting a delivery at the shop is nothing for its a car guy more than getting the overall thing down into a massive yes it is a proud of four boxes with four different wheels reason be all excited is getting his wheels you know rough and nothing works penny per month that's good question they have a central of each time it's going to be the wall we'll 10 no different from of news's when he gets overhauled Carmack yet for matching wheels while she plays with John we are putting on the movies paint in fact the pain any sprayed read down on the robust body part and rear deck lid PNG transmission and very small pieces are getting a silver base camp okay account number one probably do about fritos Flash Player when I'm actually laying out the graphics I use the actual shape and the three-dimensional car startling out the lines and make sure that everything works with the lines to the body as well as the cut lines a feature the panel's the white stripes graphics require several coats he fat face paint color from showing 3 a.m. our next graphic color history from the right now as I'm using the green tape mass top a 1-inch line over from parallel and just right now we use green tape to create the space me the blue tape was called fine line so we paid the color which killed up you know real fine wine you'll gain rough edges sprinkle when you make some birdies on the move dream come true know something that they would never in a lifetime have a chance to achieving yeah your email the lime green 15 hi everything together so it's all for you seven-up John 1:30 a.m. we finally got the water lines companies actually wanted on we have to find those in through the chassis and never installing the engine and trans mark all hands on deck so we've got less than 24 hours from correct that my bad a little early in the morning also from person on that would work out this way your am so proud part of this project in I will stroll back our talk about their cars if it's one of my children for haver are the people that understand what it takes to actually build a vehicle to that extreme are going to be blown away even though we are in for thrash loaded still good time to invite our insiders down to the shop Dave collecting his son Jim here to check out the Lotus guys probably looks a little bit different than last time the Sun a little bit different yeah look at that supercharger this unbelievable as a power cord in the frame forcefully what is this we never seen anything like this before yet maybe some of us IndyCar some right as I was this at my performance the chassis is only have a lotus you local body is that the paint shop wow sorry think M should we keep it you know we still have the pink slip on this thing here it's not too late to take it back way to efficient native if they want to get back no regrets of I think it's the right thing to do for the right guy i think is going to happen we jon is gonna be really happy he sees a dust bowl British sports car has gone Italian now for the interior the lows I wanna Canada seventies for re-look and get a quick sketch done so that to affect overbilled un's has a direction to go there you go after get us on the perfect thank you thank you we have our direction better seats together leather we got our town the cells resonance sex for Ridgeway slang for get ready to put the exhaust onto the Lotus nothing fazes you does and you can put an exhaust on anything just about anything out we've pretty much done just about everything and overall and how's this for stacking up compared to others have done only unique in the fact that we're doing a complete ground on bill so we've had a star completely at the header and walked away completely back self revealed a fabrication here we got a nice enter setup for the supercharged motor now he's got work my way around and find however back KJ go and try left to right okay for now perfect got this if we could all connected the cables connected to the ship waited on the transactional the cables run for it up in the shifter daughter Lucia for everything's gonna work really nice on the phone shift cables old school but the supercharged least engine has electronic brain it simply sports dollars to Mac program for the computer he's doing everything connected all wines that sounds are just a few on a live gate is gone okay memory .icnsmac pursue it good from the gays bill if it is not that way phone just hearing from you there from simple sportscars was actually able to dry fire this car on this laptop so we are able to run through electronics and make sure everything doctors were in a fire the field was gonna turn on which was pretty cool she's been a favorite say we got majority be fighting right now yeah I think integration glass to go and ask if you've finished yet finished and everything defined and we only have 13 hours last is on crashed and kids still ahead the review fast approaching a team is this also ahead jamie has a question for John you was like that's correct no way his listen to like running a marathon climbing Mount Everest but like those accomplishments this one requires a keen effort more than any everybody a poll for you get the start on time looks like you're taking a supercharger off again used to study of philosophy men say making sure everything lines up in everything's in place because once the body goes on there's a lot of stuff which is gonna be 13 pain while testing the body the game we discovered it didn't faze ones call by changing the heck schools to put the headboards we should have enough clearance for the body hopefully on the anticipation this is a very big moment this time the body is going on and staying on and now ladies and gentlemen glass magician any 2012 his famous plum intractable notices were window and %um to convince law walking on this movie's dashboard ever book good things come to those who wait how that's really nice like me 1 it's just because when you look at it straight on that this plans with that while our custom tags is for easy with my favor for the bill all details for your home and he wouldn't be Chip Foose feed inside and do something crazy with about four hours ago for free shows the two bed one night awesome ass was generally accentuate the back in the car to fit the hot tip 0 it's the middle name for the reveal and we saw a lot of work that needs to get done to and Richard are working on the inside genesis in 10 straight penis inside reservoirs was anything hawaiian for the entire me and my sis in history can andrea is working on the task needs to get done 718 you know a Jay you may be too keen on late night but this is the late night show here the seats windshield and headlights are going in a little more fab walkout aluminum fuel tanks and its ready to be installed reinstalling the supercharger adding our rule hope it will and then starting the engine is the final piece love this crazy polls the old lotus's come a very long way from a car that we had to drag on the tow truck syndicate Hall casting reshaped with a staggering amount to custom touches this is a 320 horsepower supercharged street legal race car that is ready rum now since John book has your role play infringe a leno's think da garage i think is the obvious place to have our appeal gonna be perfect all the insiders including Jay Leno are very excited there's been quite a challenge but well worth it yum very bad this 18 everybody they help and thus far they were very hard now the tow trucks here the car's pretty much ready so we waiting for here in Burbank Calif those big dog garage and we are surrounded by lotus's or 4gb Lodi load on it that's for the ruse love this reveal for john is that you're filming a lotta special for your website right right that's what we do know there is one kilo dismissing though and that is giants lotus jon is on his way the lotus is on its way the problem is who's gonna get here first well into fishy and tradition the car is being finished as we're talking exactly a I mean the pain is still tacky well known as funny lives in jazz workshop is pushed into place kids the weekend and as usual this is the time John stops by to lend a hand saw OJ sets the scene by interviewing supercharger experts to Mac will hire another room we can watch all the action on a monitor John is he building fun believable john has a who should on possible wholly by happenstance his wife told me this morning it was the next year in the door of that as you can see we have some all the Lotus the sphere and we just finished my Lotus which is that one over there we invited a bunch of a low-dose owners in to get their opinion weekend think a man you guys edge on your love is on our content you was like that's correct years and the winners are going downtown paragraph and you get your car's bonnet about three hundred and funny 320 was the weight of about 900 killer cells got a five-speed and of course custom this breaks and you're the owner star not an extended so you don't actually own the vaccine I've just done a lot of work and everything okay well who love phones this one for this one I think we know who owns it your way was yours no way of graduate John he's somebody thank you I feel right now show while force losing consciousness for a minute there the I said is your car just that's not possible wake up tomorrow think this is just a drink of math yes john believes your car its yes sex your cock and I it is being at the most ambitious over hong believed that we have ever undertaken it was finished 20 minutes ago here trying to get the car appear as fast as we could everybody hung in there and worked around the clock to get this card on there were multiple times over the last couple weeks that I thought there's no way we're gonna make it the fact that shipping the a-team pulled it off in the time that they did is mind-blowing number this ranch that was floating around lol and tell us about the Reg arms and my first race the park I said that address the left the ranch world two million that ship has gold plated very nice and now we'll put that right in there were everyone outstanding recognizes people your mom put the transmission and her staff up for more shout out to a person who's a IBC very near and dear to your heart and who has been aware this process for a while it's hard to keep that secret he was so surprised and excited he never in a million years worth of that what happened to him ep you actually treated this car Forrest said Foose wheels which you never die human firmly set wheels that mismatch yeah areas open and they're all four different yeah will super times washer transmission while the Boxster transactional with the new though this motor problems the nicest Europa in the world you asked to who set this all up for you yeah and it's a man with so overhaul experiences of his own there's a pink slip back Terrance for this says this greater happiness and giving and there is an receiving and that is absolutely true it's great for long trips get the transmission jack PF Wow you have a choice you can keep this yes for will put the wooden plank back into this is a very nice very nice just amazing Campbell fag cannot believe it very very impressive I'm you know touch i cant hello effect didn't give you as a group hug on flight 11 well I'm glad you like it we can't thank you enough for all the help you've given us over the years working on our cars you know I've always been there for us so we want to be there for you thanks man are rehydration my name is John and I've been overhauled yeah were still casting cars for the next batch over on absolute if you know somebody with a sad car but a great story overhauling .tv to nominate him and maybe for see you next season

Europa (1966–1975)

By the mid-1960s, the mid-engine vehicle configuration was well-established as the optimal design for Grand Prix cars, however almost no road vehicles yet used this arrangement. Lotus planned the Europa to be a volume-produced, two-seater mid-engine sports coupe built to reasonable cost, quite an ambitious goal for the time. Like all Lotus vehicles of the era, the Europa was designed and built following Colin Chapman's oft-stated philosophy of automotive design: "Simplify, then add lightness". To this end, a number of ingenious design approaches were made by Lotus to allow it to economically overcome the many challenges presented by the novel mid-engine arrangement.

Production of the original Lotus Europa ceased in 1975, with a total of 9,230 cars of all models having been built.[2]

Design features

Lotus Europa S2 from above (1968 model)
Interior (1968 black-badge model)

The Europa used a lightweight, folded and welded "minimalist" boxed-steel backbone chassis with a fibreglass moulded body, a combination that was first used by Lotus founder Colin Chapman in the Lotus Elan launched in 1962. Earliest versions of the Europa had the body fully bonded to the chassis for maximum structural stiffness, however this was soon changed to a bolted-on body to allow normal chassis and body repairs to be made. Unlike the Elan, the Europa had no front-mounted engine or gearbox to accommodate, and so the Europa's main chassis member ran straight forward to intersect a large box-section cross-beam running across the car between the front suspension points. At the rear, the chassis split into a "U" shape behind the cabin to accommodate the combined engine, transmission and final-drive components, and to support the rear suspension.[3]

Engine and transaxle

The sourcing of suitable engine, gearbox and final-drive components was considered critical to the success of delivering a low-cost mid-engine vehicle. Chapman was keen to diversify beyond the Ford components heavily used in earlier Lotus vehicles, and settled on using the engine and combined transmission/final-drive transaxle units recently released by Renault for their 16. The 1,470 cc (1.5 L) Renault engine was a light and modern design, while the matching Renault 16 transaxle seemed almost ideal for the Europa project. In the Renault, the transaxle sat ahead of the engine, driving the front wheels. By relocating the combined engine/transaxle unit to the rear of the car and rotating it 180 degrees in plan, Lotus could obtain a ready-made modern mid-engine configuration - albeit one with four reverse gears. By repositioning the differential crownwheel within the final drive assembly (made possible by the symmetrical split case), the direction of rotation of the output shafts was reversed, thus correcting this shortcoming.[4]

The Renault 16's engine's design met Lotus's requirements. It used an aluminium block with cast-iron cylinder liners, which saved appreciable weight compared to the cast-iron blocks more common at the time. Its overhead-valve design had the camshaft located high-up in the block, resulting in a compact valve-train well suited for high-rpm operation. Most importantly, all the engine ancillaries (water pump, belt-drives, alternator) were driven off a v-belt pulley fixed to the transaxle end of the camshaft instead of being driven by the engine's crankshaft. When fitted to the Europa, this pulley location put all the engine's ancillaries at its rear face giving easy access for maintenance, rather than them being located against the vehicle's bulkhead as-for most conventional engines.[4][5]

For Lotus' use, the Renault engine was given a number of key improvements, including a higher compression ratio (10.25 instead of 8.6), larger inlet valves, revised valve timings, dual valve springs and a twin-barrel carburettor. These changes lifted the engine's power by 23% from 63 hp (47 kW) at 5,000 rpm to 82 hp (61 kW) at 6,000 rpm. For US export, a de-tuned 1,565 cc (1.6 L) version with a maximum output of 80 hp (60 kW) at 6,000 rpm was fitted.[5][6]

Later, Europa models were fitted with the same Ford-based Lotus TwinCam engine used in the Elan range since 1962. This was a sophisticated, twin-overhead-cam, 8-valve high-performance engine rated at 105 hp (78 kW) in original (Euro) specification (later uprated to 126 hp (94 kW) in "big-valve" form). It was reported that Lotus initially delayed its introduction in the Europa until they were confident in the strength of the Renault transaxle. The twin-cam engine first appeared in the Europa engine bay in mid-1971 (in Europe) and early 1972 (in North America).[2] In North America, both the (early) 1972 Twin Cam version and (late) 1972–1974 Twin Cam "Special" versions were rated at 113 hp (84 kW) in Federalized Form.

When Renault introduced their most powerful 16 TX model in 1973, it included a strengthened 5-speed transmission. Lotus quickly offered this gearbox as an option in the Europa, along with their Big Valve twin-cam engine.

Suspension

The Europa's four-wheel independent suspension was also typical Chapman thinking. The front used lightweight pressed steel upper and lower wishbones with a clever coil-over spring-damper arrangement, all connected to the wheels using off-the-shelf front uprights, ball joints and trunnions. The steering gear was solid-mounted rack and pinion using components from the Triumph Herald.[3]

The rear suspension was a heavily modified version of the Chapman strut, originally developed for Chapman's earlier Formula racing car designs and used in the Elan.[7] In the Europa, the vertical "strut" element pivots on the wheel hub at its lower end and doesn't control wheel camber angle as-in earlier Lotus designs. Wheel location and alignment is controlled instead by interaction between a fixed-length, articulated driveshaft top link, a simple tubular lower link, and a large box-section radius arm running diagonally forward to the chassis.[3] These radius arms played a critical role in giving the precise tracking and handling desired, as the Chapman Strut's use of the driveshaft to resist lateral forces was compromised by the rubber engine and transaxle mounts needed to isolate vibrations from the car body.[7] A careful compromise between the radius arm mount's stiffness, isolation and car handling was required, culminating eventually in a sandwich bush that was flexible against shear but stiff in compression and tension.[8] The car's subsequent resulting handling prompted automotive writers to describe the Europa as the nearest thing to a Formula car for the road.[9]

Series 1

Lotus Europa Series 1 (Type 46)

The Series 1 or S1 Europa (also known as Lotus Type 46) was announced for sale to European markets on 20 December 1966. The first cars were delivered in France in February 1967. Volkswagen owned the rights to the Europa name in Germany, so cars for sale in Germany were badged Europe rather than Europa.

The S1 was fitted with a modified Renault 16 1,470 cc inline-four engine and a 4-speed gearbox. The engine was a special 82 hp (61 kW) version (as opposed to the 63 hp (47 kW) generated in standard form). Lotus adapted the affordable but lightweight Renault engine and gearbox to the revolutionary Europa longitudinal mid-engined layout, inverting the gearbox's crown wheel on its pinion gear to avoid having four reverse gears. The S1 weighed 610 kg (1,345 lb). Autocar magazine achieved a top speed of 121 mph (195 km/h), and recorded a 0–60 mph acceleration time of 9.3 seconds. Of particular note, in excess of 0.9 g (8 m/s²) lateral acceleration was consistently achieved by Car magazine on road tyres of that era.

Only 296 examples of the S1 were manufactured (chassis numbers from 460001 to 460296). These cars had extremely light and minimalist construction, with fixed side windows, fixed seats (adjustable pedals needing the use of tools), no door handles, no internal door covers, and an aluminum dashboard. The steel chassis central beam was sandwiched (incorporated) within the fibreglass bodywork, thus reinforcing stiffness, but making repair rather complicated.

Series 1A and B (around 350 built) had removable side windows, wooden dashboard, and internal door panel covers which could accommodate the windows once taken off. Series 1B had a redesigned rear panel, with new, rectangular light clusters.[citation needed]

Including the S1A and S1B (which incorporated some of the later S2 changes) variations, 644 Europa S1s were manufactured.

Series 2

1968 Lotus Europa S2. The early S2 models were produced with S1-style front indicators and door handles. Note the S2 two-pane opening windows

The Europa Series 2, or Lotus Type 54, was introduced in April 1968 (approximately chassis number 0645 onwards). The S2 used the same 1,470 cc Renault engine and mechanical components as the earlier Series 1, but added a number of key refinements including opening electric windows, adjustable seats, a new fully carpeted interior and a polished wooden fascia panel for the dashboard. The most significant change was the switch from fully bonded construction to the use of bolt fasteners to attach the fibreglass body to the backbone steel frame. While reducing the torsional and flexural stiffness somewhat, the use of a separable body was welcomed by the automotive insurance industry as it greatly reduced the complexity and cost of making repairs to the vehicle.[3]

Early examples of the S2 were externally almost identical to the S1 with the exception of the new windows.[10] From early 1969, secondary front indicator lamp nacelles were added between the headlights, and larger door handles were used in place of the S1's push-button items. During 1968 a number of Europas (and Elans) were produced bearing black-and-silver Lotus badges on the nose and steering wheel in place of the customary yellow-and-green ones. The official Lotus Cars website[11] states these "black-badge" vehicles were to commemorate the death earlier in 1968 of Jim Clark, Lotus's champion Formula One driver, however this is debated by other sources.[12]

Contemporary road tests for the Europa S2 recorded a top speed around 120 mph (195 km/h), 0-60 mph acceleration times of 9.3 seconds, standing 1/4 mile times of around 16.7 seconds, and an overall economy of around 30 mpg (9.4 L/100 km).[10][13]

United States

Federalized Lotus Europa (Type 65)

A small number of Series 2 vehicles were modified to be "federalized" for export to the United States. These Federal Type 54s had the low front fenders (guards) of the European model and the larger 1,565 cc engine of the later Lotus Type 65. In 1969–70, the Type 65 (also known as S2 Federal) was introduced specifically for export to the U.S., with additional changes to the body, chassis, suspension and the powerplant to better comply with U.S. D.O.T. standards. Among the changes, the engine was a slightly modified emission controlled Renault 16TL 1,565 cc unit rated at 80 hp rather than the 1,470 cc engine of the Type 54. The front suspension was changed to make the front end of the car taller along with taller front fenders to raise the headlamps. Road & Track magazine tested the Federal S2 and recorded 0-60 mph acceleration time of 9.6 seconds with a top speed of 116 mph (187 km/h).

In total, Lotus produced 3,615 Europa S2s.[14]

Twin Cam and Special

Lotus Europa Twin Cam

In 1971, the Type 74 Europa Twin Cam was made available to the public, with a 105 hp 1,557 cc Lotus-Ford Twin Cam engine (113 hp US "Federal" version with standard emissions control and Big Valve engine with Stromberg carburetors, until the end of production) and a re-designed bodyshell to improve rearward visibility. Initially it was available with the same gearbox as the earlier cars, once the supply had been exhausted in 1972 a new stronger Renault four-speed gearbox (Type 352) was introduced. Mike Kimberley, who rose to become chief executive of Group Lotus, then a new engineer at Lotus, was appointed Chief Engineer of the Europa TC project. 1,580 cars were shipped as Europa "Twin Cam" before Lotus switched to a 126 hp "Big Valve" version of the engine.

In Europe and rest of the world markets, the Big Valve "Europa Special" version was aspirated by a Dell'Orto carburettored version of the same engine; it also offered a new Renault five-speed (Type 365) gearbox option. It weighed 740 kg (1,631 lb); Motor magazine tested a UK Special to a top speed of 123 mph (198 km/h), recorded a 0–60 mph acceleration time in 6.6 seconds, and ran the 1/4 mile in 14.9 seconds. In the US version of the Europa Special, where the Federalized version of the Big Valve had already been introduced earlier in the Twin Cam model, the only changes were larger brakes and the optional five-speed transmission which would become standard on the special in 1974.

1972 Lotus Europa Special
1972 Lotus Europa Special

Introduced in September 1972, the first 100 Lotus Europa JPS Specials were badged and painted to honour Team Lotus's 1972 F1 World Championship title win with John Player Special as the team’s sponsor. All with a five-speed gearbox and Big Valve engine the original Specials were painted black with a gold pin stripe matching the livery of the GP cars – plus a numbered JPS dashboard badge. These were the first John Player Special commemorative Lotus production vehicles. The "Special" name and colour scheme was planned to be dropped after the commemorative cars, with Lotus reverting to the Twin Cam name, but such was the positive reaction to the new car that the name and the black and gold pin stripe colour scheme continued until the end of Europa production although colours other than black were made available.

In the end the numbered dashboard plaque distinguished the first, original, 100 JPS cars from other black Europa Specials.

In total 4,710 Type 74s were produced, of which 3,130 were badged "Specials".

Type 47 and 62

Lotus Type 47

Although the original Europa was intended as a clubman's sports racer to replace the Lotus 7, it was realised that the car would be uncompetitive with the Renault engines available. A decision was therefore made to manufacture a specialist race car based on the Europa to be raced by Team Lotus and sold to private entrants. Although the very first Type 47 was based on a modified Europa, all subsequent cars were produced entirely by Lotus Components rather than the main factory. Launched at the same time as the S1 Europa, the body of the 47 was thinner than the standard Europa and with larger wheel arches. Side vents into the engine bay were added after the first few cars experienced problems with engine bay temperature.

The engine, gearbox and rear suspension were completely different from the standard Europa and were taken in their entirety from the Lotus 23/Lotus 22 Formula Junior cars with a Lotus-Ford Twin Cam based 165 hp (123 kW) 1,594 cc Cosworth Mk.XIII dry sump engine, and a Hewland FT 200 5-speed gearbox and suspension with reversed bottom wishbone, top link and dual radius arms. The front upright was specially cast in common with the F2 version of Lotus 41X to accommodate larger Girling brakes for the later 47A model (which had the Alfa Romeo tail lamp shared with the Europa S2) with reinforced front frame.

The Type 47 exact production numbers are unknown, the last car was 47GT-85 but it is unlikely that 85 47GT's were produced, estimates vary from 55 to 68 during the years 1966–70. Although the 47GT is the best known, a few 47F's were produced, these had the detachable body similar to the S2 Europa, but retaining the large wheel arches and side vents of the 47GT. Fitted with a tuned Ford cross flow engine but with the Renault gearbox and rear suspension of the Europa. At the request of parts supplier GKN, Lotus built the 47D as a show car. The 47D has a slightly enlarged chassis and body to fit a Rover V8 engine. At the time the 47D was built, it was capable of 0–100 mph (0–161 km/h) in 10 seconds.

As a mobile test bed for the new 2-litre Lotus 907 engine being developed for the forthcoming Elite and Eclat, the Type 62 was produced. Only two such cars were ever made. These were space frame cars with F1 suspension to handle the 240 hp power output from the engine. Although deliberately made to resemble the Europa, in practice the only connection to the Europa was a few of the Europa's body panels. It won its class in its first event the 1969 BOAC 500 at Brands Hatch with John Miles and Brian Muir at the wheel. Replica 47's and 62's are bespoke-manufactured by Banks Europa Engineering, in several variations.

Specials

1972 GS Lotus Europa

Throughout its life, the Europa attracted the attention of many Lotus and non-Lotus automotive customising businesses who offered "special" versions in small numbers to the public. Among these was the Swiss Lotus importer, who made two special versions of the S2 fitted with the Renault 16 TS type 807 engine, the "Europa Hemi 807" and the fuel injected "Europa Black Shadow 807". The Hemi 807 had 105 PS (77 kW) SAE and could attain a speed of 200 km/h (124 mph), while the Black Shadow had power output of 137 PS (101 kW). The Black Shadow also received a five-speed gearbox.[15] These cars had a wider track, special wheels and stickers, white indicator lights up front, and featured extractor vents high on the side panel behind the rear door. The fuel injection system was from Kugelfischer. In 1971 two Lotus Hemi were entered as Group 4 GTS at the international hill climb race St. Ursanne Les Rangiers and Ollon-Villars driven by the Swiss divers Oskar Bubeck and Alfons Tresch.[16]

Chip Foose the famous automobile pioneer of United States also modified and restored a Lotus Europa for Episode 6 of the season 11 of his popular show "Overhaulin'". It was one of the most time-consuming and complicated build of the show, where a brand new 1.8 litre four cylinder engine from an Elise was fitted into the car, while the power is handled by Porsche Boxster transmission. The bumpers were also tucked in signature Foose style.[17]

in 1972, a Bristol based company called GS Cars has produced a variant of the Lotus Europa. This version is based on the standard Lotus Europa Twin Cam, but has new bodywork which bears some resemblance to the Maserati Merak. The GS Lotus Europa was limited to 17 units. However, only 5 are known to still exist.[18][19]

Europa S (2006–2010)

2008 Lotus Europa SE

In 2005, Lotus released images of a new GT type car called the Lotus Europa S. Based on the Lotus Elise, the car was officially introduced at the 2006 Geneva Motor Show. Production commenced in July 2006 and continued until 2010. The engine was a 2.0 L (120 cu in) turbocharged four cylinder, rated at 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) at 5,400 rpm, with a maximum torque of 272 N⋅m (201 lb⋅ft) at 5,400 rpm. The Europa S could accelerate from 0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) in 5.6 seconds (0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) in 5.8 seconds), with a maximum speed of 143 mph (230 km/h). Lotus did not export the Europa S to the United States. Despite this, the American manufacturer Dodge developed an electric vehicle based on the Europa, known as the Dodge Circuit, which it planned to bring to the US market by 2010, but the project was cancelled in May 2009.

The Europa SE was unveiled at the Geneva International Motor Show on 5 March 2008. The SE was an upgraded model with more comfort in mind, intended to bring in more customers. The SE has the same engine as the S but it was modified to bring power to 225 PS (165 kW; 222 hp) and torque to 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft).

References

  1. ^ Cardew, Basil, ed. (October 1974). "Motor Show Review 1975 Cars: Lotus Europa Special". Daily Express: 27.
  2. ^ a b Bolster, John (1980). The Lotus Elan and Europa. A Collector's Guide. London, England: Motor Racing Publications Ltd. p. 92. ISBN 0-900549-48-3.
  3. ^ a b c d Bolster, John (1980). The Lotus Elan and Europa. A Collector's Guide. London, England: Motor Racing Publications Ltd. pp. 77–79. ISBN 0-900549-48-3.
  4. ^ a b Bolster, John (1980). The Lotus Elan and Europa. A Collector's Guide. London, England: Motor Racing Publications Ltd. pp. 72–76. ISBN 0-900549-48-3.
  5. ^ a b Haynes, J.H. (1979). Renault 16 Owners Workshop Manual. Somerset, England: Haynes Publishing Group. ISBN 0-85696-504-9.
  6. ^ Lotus Cars. "Europa S1/S2 Workshop Manual (Tech specs section)". Lotus-Europa.com.
  7. ^ a b Ludvigsen, Karl (2010). Colin Chapman: Inside the Innovator. Haynes Publishing. p. 33,118,123. ISBN 978-1-84425-413-2.
  8. ^ Ludvigsen & Colin Chapman, pp. 123, 291
  9. ^ Clarke, R.M. (1980). Lotus Europa 1966-1975. Cobham, Surrey, England: Brooklands Books. p. 50 (extract Road & Track May 1970). ISBN 0-907073-19-0.
  10. ^ a b Clarke, R.M. (1980). Lotus Europa, Collection No. 1. Surrey, England: Brooklands Books. pp. 32–35 (Sports Car World Feb 1969). ISBN 0-907-073-492.
  11. ^ "Lotus Heritage 1960's". Lotus Cars Australia. Archived from the original on 11 September 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
  12. ^ "Urban Myths About Cars". PistonHeads Gassing Station. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
  13. ^ Clarke, R.M. (1980). Lotus Europa, Collection No. 1. Surrey, England: Brooklands Books. pp. 22–24 (Autocar 9 May 1968). ISBN 0-907-073-492.
  14. ^ Trummel, Reid (January 2014). "1970 Lotus Europa S2". Sports Car Market. 26 (1): 58–59.
  15. ^ Braunschweig, Robert; et al., eds. (11 March 1971). "Automobil Revue '71" (in German and French). 66. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag SA: 366. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  16. ^ "EUROMONTAGNA.COM since 1993". www.euromontagna.com. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
  17. ^ "Lotus Europa". Chip Foose - Official Home of Foose Design, Inc. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  18. ^ "LOTUS GS EUROPA any info". The Lotus Forums. November 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  19. ^ "Rare Lotus GS Europa offered by H&H article selected by Artebellum". Artebellum. 7 October 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2020.

Further reading

  • Clarke, R (20 January 1992). Lotus Europa Gold Portfolio 1966-75. Brooklands Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1855201118.
  • Francis, Dave (1997). The Lotus Europa: Derivatives & Contemporaries 1966-1975. R B Publications. ISBN 978-0952808619.
  • "Lotus Cars 1948–1990" article from 1992 International Lotus Convention (program guide), published by Golden Gate Lotus Club
  • Harvey, Chris (1982). Lotus: The Elite, Elan, Europa. G T Foulis & Co Ltd. ISBN 978-0902280854.
  • Herzog, Bob (31 May 2012). Europa Euphoria: The semi-technical and semi-humorous account of the restoration of a Lotus Europa. Lotuszog. ISBN 978-0615641195.
  • Sanei-shobo (2009). The Lotus Europa. NEKO Publishing. ISBN 978-4777009022.

External links

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