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List of wars involving Norway

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of Norway in some capacity, both the modern polity and its predecessor states.

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Transcription

List

Pre-Unification Viking Age (793–872)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Viking invasions of England (793–1066)
Norse Vikings
England Kingdom of England Victory (first phase)

Defeat (second phase)

Halfdan the Mild's revolt
(ca. 813)
Halfdan the Mild Kingdom of Denmark Revolt successful
  • Denmark is expelled and Vestfold gains independence.
Battle of 839 (839)
Norse Vikings
Picts
Dál Riata
Norwegian Viking victory
Siege of Paris (845)
Norse Vikings
Francia Viking victory
Viking raid on Nekor[1][2][3]
(ca. 859)
Norse Vikings
Kingdom of Nekor Viking victory
  • Vikings occupied Nekor for 8 days.
Great Heathen Army's invasion of England (865-878)
Norse Vikings
Norse–Gaels
Anglo-Saxon kingdoms:

Kingdom of Strathclyde
Kingdom of Alba

Viking victory
Siege of Dumbarton (870)
Norse Vikings
Britons of Strathclyde Viking victory
  • A fleet of 200 ships transported prisoners to Dublin.

Unification of Norway (860–872)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Battle of Hakadal
(ca. 860)
Vestfold
Álfheimr Vestfold victory
  • Death of Hake Gandalfsson.
Battle of Orkdal
(ca. 870)
Vestfold
Orkdal Vestfold victory
First Battle of Solskjel
(ca. 870)
Vestfold
Nordmøre
Romsdal
Vestfold victory
  • Death of the kings of Nordmøre and Romsdal.
Second Battle of Solskjel
(ca. 870)
Vestfold
Sunnmøre
Firda
Vestfold victory
Götaland Campaign
(ca. 870)
Vestfold
Geats Vestfold victory
Battle of Fjaler
(ca. 870)
Earldom of Lade Earldom of Sogn Indecisive
Battle of Hafrsfjord
(872)
Vestfold
Hordaland
Rogaland
Agder
Vestfold victory

Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Battle of Rastarkalv
(955)
Haakon the Good Eric Bloodaxe
Denmark
Victory of Haakon the Good
  • Destruction of Danish force
Battle of Fitjar
(961)
Haakon the Good Eric Bloodaxe
Denmark
Pyrrhic victory to Haakon the Good
Sack of Santiago de Compostela
(968)
Norwegian Vikings
 Kingdom of Galicia Victory
Norwegian-Jomsviking War
(986)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Denmark
Jomsvikings
Victory
  • Danish fleet defeated
Battle of Maldon
(991)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Anglo-Saxons Victory
Battle of Svolder
(999/1000)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Denmark
Sweden
Earls of Lade
Defeat
Battle of Thetford (1004)  Norway
Anglo-Saxons
Kingdom of Denmark
Anglo-Norwegian Victory
Olav II's landing in Osilia
(1008)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Osilians Victory
  • The Osilians are defeated
Battle at Herdaler
(1007/8)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Finns of Herdaler Defeat
Swedish-Norwegian War 
(1015-1018)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Kingdom of Sweden Victory
Olav II's conquest of Norway
(1015-1016)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Kingdom of Sweden
Kingdom of Denmark
Earldom of Orkney
Victory
  • The territorial changes following the Battle of Svolder are reversed, barring Jämtland, which would remain under Swedish overlordship until the 12th century.
Battle of Nesjar
(1016)
Olaf II Sweyn Haakonsson
Various farmer-chieftains
Victory to Olaf II
  • Sweyn Haakonsson driven into exile
Battle of the Helgeå
(1026)
Norway Kingdom of Norway
Sweden
Anglo-Danish Kingdom Defeat
Battle of Stiklestad
(1030)
Olaf II Peasant Army Peasant victory
  • Death of Olaf II
Sweyn Estridssons Rebellion
(1043)
Norway Kingdom of Norway

Denmark
Victory
Battle of Lyrskov Heath
(1043)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Wends Victory
Norwegian-Wendish War
(1043)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Wends Victory
  • Destruction the Viking fort Jomsborg, possibly to destroy the Danish competitors to the throne. Plundering of the Wendish town of Jumne.
Invasions of Denmark
(1048–1064)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Denmark Stalemate
  • Peace agreement, mutual recognition and withdrawal
First Swedish-Norwegian War [no]
(1063/4)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Haakon Ivarsson [no]
Kingdom of Sweden
Victory
  • Hadrada defeats Haakon Ivarsson Jarl
  • Norwegian authority strengthened in the Uplands
Revolt in the Uplands
(1064-1065)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Revolting farmers Victory
  • Small farms and villages burned down by Hadrada. Uplands becomes more integrated into Norway
Battle of Fulford
(1066)
Norway Kingdom of Norway England Victory
  • Norwegians gain Fulford and later York
Battle of Stamford Bridge
(1066)
Norway Kingdom of Norway England Defeat
First Irish Sea Campaign
(1098)
Norway Kingdom of Norway England

Irish Kingdoms[clarification needed]

Victory
Swedish–Norwegian War (1099–1101) Norway Kingdom of Norway Sweden Inconclusive
  • Through the marriage of Magnus Barefoot and Margaret Fredkulla, Inge's daughter, Norway gains the land of Dalsland. However, due to the marriage being childless, Dalsland never becomes integrated into Norway, and it's returned to Sweden after Magnus died in 1103
Second Irish Sea Campaign
(1101/1102–1103)
Norway Kingdom of Norway England

Irish Kingdoms[clarification needed]

Defeat
Norwegian Crusade
(1107–1110)
 Kingdom of Jerusalem
Norway Kingdom of Norway
 Republic of Venice
Fatimid Caliphate
Almoravid Empire
Taifa of Badajoz
Taifa of Majorca
Barbary pirates of Majorca
Victory
Siege of Lisbon (1109) Norway Kingdom of Norway
Almoravid Empire
Victory
  • Norwegian raid on Lisbon successful
  • Lisbon falls under Norwegian control.
Kalmare ledung
(1123)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Norse pagans Victory
  • The pagans converted to Christianity
Civil war era in Norway
(1130–1240)
Birkebeiners Baglers Birkebeiner victory
Campaign in Värmland
(1225)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Värmland Inconclusive
Battle of the Neva
(1240)
Sweden
Finns
Tavastia
Norway Kingdom of Norway
Novgorod Republic
Karelians
Defeat
Halland Campaign (1256) Norway Norway Denmark Denmark Peace treaty signed
Scottish–Norwegian War
(1261–1264)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Scotland Treaty of Perth
Second Swedish Brother's Feud [no]
(1304–1310)
Norway Kingdom of Norway
Duke Eric and Valdemar
Denmark
Birger Magnusson
Defeat
Siege of Ragnhildsholmen [sv]
(1308)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Kingdom of Sweden Defeat
Battle of Kalvsund [no]
(1309)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Kingdom of Sweden Victory
War against Albert of Mecklenberg
(1363–1371)
Norway Kingdom of Norway Albert of Mecklenberg
Mecklenburg
Stalemate
  • Haakon VII pays a large ransom to have Magnus IV of Sweden released. Afterwards Haakon continues ruling Norway and Sweden until his death in 1374.

Kalmar Union (1397–1523)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
War with the Victual Brothers
(1392–1398)
 Kalmar Union Victual Brothers Victory
  • Formation of the Kalmar Union.
Dano-Hanseatic War
(1426–1435)
 Kalmar Union
House of Schaumburg
Hanseatic League
Defeat
  • Treaty of Vordingborg
Krummedige-Tre Rosor feud
(1448 - 1502)
Krummedige family
Denmark
Tre Rosor family
Sweden
Krummedige victory
  • The male Tre Rosor line in Norway becomes extinct.
  • Norwegian monarchy strengthened
  • Prince Christian maintains control over Norway.
Swedish Invasions of Norway
(1449, 1453)
Pro-Danish Norwegians
Denmark
Pro-Swedish Norwegians
Sweden
Eventual Pro-Danish victory
  • Charles VIII is temporarily elected king of Norway during the first invasion, but he later renounces his claim.
  • Christian I becomes king of Norway in 1450, in which Sweden invades three years later. The invasion results in a failure with many casualties.
Dano-Swedish War
(1501–1512)
 Kalmar Union  Sweden
Free City of Lübeck
Norwegian rebels[6]
Victory
Alvsson Rebellion
(1501–1504)
Knut Alvsson (until 1502)
Nils Ravaldsson (from 1502)
Sweden
Kalmar Union Defeat
  • Dano-Norwegian ties solidified
Swedish War of Liberation
(1521–1523)
 Kalmar Union  Sweden
Free City of Lübeck
Defeat

Denmark–Norway (1523–1814)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Reformation in Norway
(1536–1537)
DenmarkDenmark
Protestants
Catholics
Creation of Denmark-Norway
Livonian War
(1558–1583)
Livonian Confederation
 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
(before 1569 the Polish–Lithuanian union)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
Sweden Kingdom of Sweden
Tsardom of Russia
Qasim Khanate
Kingdom of Livonia
Victory
Northern Seven Years' War
(1563–1570)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
Banner of King Sigismund III Vasa
Poland-Lithuania
 Lübeck
Sweden
Stalemate
Kalmar War
(1611–1613)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
Sweden
Victory
Thirty Years' War
(1625–1629)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
Sweden
 Holy Roman Empire
Flag of the Catholic League
The Catholic League
Defeat
Torstenson War
(1643–1645)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
 Holy Roman Empire
Sweden
Defeat
First Karl Gustav War
(1657–1658)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
Sweden
Defeat
Second Karl Gustav War
(1658–1660)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
 Dutch Republic
 Holy Roman Empire
Banner of King Sigismund III Vasa
Poland-Lithuania
Brandenburg-Prussia
Sweden
Victory
Battle of Vågen
(1665)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
 Dutch Republic
England England Victory
  • British fleet repelled with Norwegian aid
Scanian War
(1675–1679)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
 Dutch Republic
 Holy Roman Empire
Brandenburg-Prussia
Sweden
 France
Stalemate
Great Northern War
(1700–1721)
Russia Russia
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway Saxony
Poland–Lithuania
 Prussia
Province of Hanover Hanover
 Great Britain
Sweden
Poland–Lithuania
 Ottoman Empire
Cossack Hetmanate
 England
 Great Britain
 Dutch Republic
Brunswick-Lüneburg
Victory
Danish–Algerian War
(1770–1772)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway Dey of Algiers Defeat
Theatre War
(1788–1789)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway  Sweden Defeat
Action of 16 May 1797
(1797)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
Tripolitania
Victory
  • Peace treaty with the Bey of Tripoli
Battle of Copenhagen
(1801)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway  United Kingdom Defeat
  • Strategical defeat of the Danish-Norwegian fleet
Gunboat War
(1807–1814)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway  United Kingdom Defeat
Dano-Swedish War of 1808–09
(1808–1809)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway
 France
 Sweden
 United Kingdom
Stalemate
Dano-Swedish War of 1813–14
(1813–1814)
Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway  Sweden
 United Kingdom
Defeat

Kingdom of Norway (1814–present)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results Prime Minister Casualties
Swedish–Norwegian War
(1814)
Norway Norway  Sweden Defeat (but Swedish acceptance of the Eidsvoll Constitution)
~400 killed
World War II
(1940–1945)
 Soviet Union
 United States
 United Kingdom
 China
 France
Poland
 Yugoslavia
 Greece
 Denmark
 Norway
 Netherlands
 Belgium
 Luxembourg
 Czechoslovakia
 Canada
 Australia
 New Zealand
 South Africa
Ethiopian Empire Ethiopia
 Brazil
 Mexico
 Colombia
Cuba
Philippines
Mongolia
 Germany
 Japan
 Italy
 Romania
 Hungary
 Bulgaria
Slovakia
 Croatia
Victory
10,262 killed
Congo Crisis
(1960–1964)
Congo-Léopoldville
 Katanga
 South Kasai
Victory
None
Bosnian War
(1992–1995)
 Republika Srpska Victory
None
Kosovo War
(1998–1999)
Kosovo Liberation Army
UÇK
 FR Yugoslavia Victory
None
War in Afghanistan
(2001–2021)
 Afghanistan
Afghanistan Taliban Defeat
  • Fall of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
  • Taliban retake Kabul
10 killed
Libyan Civil War
(2011)
Libya NTC
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Libya Victory
  • The NTC assumed interim control of Libya
None

See also

References

  1. ^ "The Vikings raided Africa and then took slaves back to Ireland | Smash Company".
  2. ^ "History: The Viking Adventure In Morocco".
  3. ^ Ibn-Adhari, translated in Stefansson, Jon, "The Vikings in Spain. From Arabic (Moorish) and Spanish Sources". In Saga-Book of the Viking Club: Vol. VI Proceedings. University of London King's College, 1909, pp. 40–41.
  4. ^ "Heimskringla: Saga of Olaf Haraldson: Part I". mcllibrary.org. Retrieved 2018-03-22.
  5. ^ Jones, Gwyn (2001). A History of the Vikings. Oxford University Press. p. 403. ISBN 9780192801340. Battle of Lyrskov Hede.
  6. ^ Erik Opsahl. "Knut Alvsson". Store norske leksikon. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
This page was last edited on 11 April 2024, at 13:45
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