List of mountains in Lebanon

The geomorphology of Lebanon consists of the coastal plain, the western mountain range (Mount Lebanon), an interior valley (the Beqaa Valley), and the eastern mountain range (the Anti-Lebanon). The Mount Lebanon range stretches from the northern region of Jabal Akkar southward, reaching elevations of 3,088 m (10,131 ft) at Qurnat as Sawda, Mount Makmel's highest peak, down to 1,091 m (3,579 ft) in Jabal Niha. The hills of Jabal Amel begin after Jabal Niha.^[1] This total length of the Mount Lebanon range is 160 km (99 mi) with a width ranging from 45 km (28 mi) in its northern section, and 25 km (16 mi) in its central part. Numerous smaller hills that create a transitional zone between the sea and the peaks. The western face of the Mount Lebanon range features a series of narrow valleys that run parallel to each other, sloping westward towards the sea, and channeling various watercourses. The eastern slopes descend toward the Beqaa Valley and are steeper compared to their western counterparts. During winter, a few seasonal rivers emerge from the eastern face snowmelt.^[2][3]

The Anti-Lebanon mountain range begins in Yanta and ends in Shebaa, and measure more than 100 km (62 mi) long and 30 km (19 mi) wide. Unlike Mount Lebanon, the Anti-Lebanon is devoid of deep valleys.^[2] This page contains a sortable table listing mountains of Lebanon in both the eastern and western mountain ranges.

List

See also

• List of rivers of Lebanon

Notes

References

Citations

Sources

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• al-Musa, Suhail (2012). "جبـل الشيخ – الحرمـون". Baath Party. Archived from the original on 17 September 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
• Awad, Christine (2019). "كل ما تريد معرفته عن الجمهورية اللبنانية الشقيقة " الجزء الأول"". جريدة الأهرام الجديد الكندية (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
• Central Administration of Statistics, Lebanon (2008). "Morphology, climatology, hydrology, vegetation, and environment" (PDF). Central Administration of Statistics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
• Collelo, Thomas, ed. (1987). Lebanon : a country study. Washington, D.C: Library of Congress. Archived (pdf) from the original on 4 April 2023.
• Encyclopedia Britannica (2008). "Qurnat al-Sawdāʾ | mountain, Lebanon | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-10-22.
• Geoview. "جبل المنيطرة, Mont-Liban, Lebanon". lb.geoview.info. Archived from the original on 1 July 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
• Geoview. "Jabal 'Akkār mountains, Lebanon". lb.geoview.info. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
• Kehdy, Naji (2023). "Slope's similarity of the Eastern and the Western steeps of the two Lebanese mountain ranges" (PDF). Études Universitaires en Littératures et Sciences Humaines. Beirut: Lebanese University. 13: 85–100. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 October 2023.
• Krahmalkov, Charles Richard (2000). Phoenician-Punic dictionary. Peeters. ISBN 978-90-429-0770-6.
• Koussa, Karim El (1998). Blooming Planes: A Quest for a Historical and Spritiual Identity. p. 82.
• Pardee, Dennis (2000). Les textes rituels en 2 volumes (in French). Paris: Etudes et Recherche sur les Civilisations. ISBN 978-2-86538-276-7.
• Sanlaville, Paul (1969). "La personnalité géographique du Liban" [Lebanon's geographical personality]. Géocarrefour (in French). 44 (4): 375–394. doi:10.3406/geoca.1969.2648.
• UNESCO (2012). "Jabal Al Rihane | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 22 April 2012. Retrieved 22 October 2023.

This page was last edited on 1 February 2024, at 21:55