The island of Martinique is an overseas department of France located in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles.
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Islands: Natural Laboratories of Evolution
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Amphibians
There are five species of amphibian on Martinique, three of which were introduced. One species, the Martinique volcano frog (Colostethus chalcopis), is endemic to Martinique.
Frogs (Anura)
| Poison dart frogs (Dendrobatidae) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Colostethus chalcopis | Martinique volcano frog | Vulnerable.[1] Endemic. | |
| Tree frogs (Hylidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Scinax ruber[2] | Red-snouted tree frog | Least concern. Introduced; first recorded on Martinique in 1997. | |
| Tropical frogs (Leptodactylidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Eleutherodactylus johnstonei | Lesser Antillean whistling frog, coqui antillano, Johnstone's whistling frog | Least concern. Introduced. | 
|
| Eleutherodactylus martinicensis | Tink frog, Martinique robber frog | Near threatened. Regional endemic. | 
|
| True toads (Bufonidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Bufo marinus | Cane toad, giant Neotropical toad, marine toad | Least concern. Introduced. | 
|
Reptiles
Including marine turtles and introduced species, there are 19 reptile species reported on Martinique, five of which are endemic.
Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
| True crocodiles (Crocodylidae) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Crocodylus acutus[3] | American crocodile | Vulnerable | 
|
Turtles (Testudines)
| Box turtles and pond turtles (Emydidae) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Trachemys scripta[4] | Pond slider | Near threatened. Introduced. | 
|
| Scaly sea turtles (Cheloniidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Caretta caretta | Loggerhead turtle | Endangered. | 
|
| Chelonia mydas | Green turtle | Endangered. | 
|
| Eretmochelys imbricata | Hawksbill turtle | Critically endangered. | 
|
| Leathery sea turtles (Dermochelyidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Dermochelys coriacea | Leatherback turtle | Critically endangered. | 
|
Lizards and snakes (Squamata)
| Geckos (Gekkonidae) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Gecko gecko[5] | Tokay gecko | Introduced. | 
|
| Hemidactylus mabouia | House gecko | Introduced. | 
|
| Sphaerodactylus vincenti | Vincent's least gecko | Regional endemic. | 
|
| Thecadactylus rapicauda | Turnip-tailed gecko | 
| |
| Iguanas and Anolids (Iguanidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Anolis roquet | Martinique's anole, savannah anole | Endemic. | |
| Iguana delicatissima | Lesser Antillean iguana, West Indian iguana | Vulnerable. Regional endemic. | 
|
| Iguana iguana[6] | Green iguana, common iguana | Recently introduced. | 
|
| Microteiids (Gymnophthalmidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Gymnophthalmus pleii | Martinique spectacled tegu | Regional endemic. | |
| Gymnophthalmus underwoodi[7] | Underwood's spectacled tegu | ||
| Skinks (Scincidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Mabuya mabouya[8] | Regional endemic. Possibly extirpated. | 
| |
| Worm snakes (Typhlopidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Leptotyphlops bilineata | Two-lined blind snake | Endemic. Possibly widespread. Populations on Barbados and St. Lucia were described as separate species in 2008, leaving L. bilineata only on Martinique.[9] | |
| Colubrids (Colubridae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Liophis cursor[10] | Lacépède's ground snake | Endangered. Endemic. Extirpated from the main island; now remaining only on Diamond Rock. | |
| Vipers (Viperidae) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Bothrops lanceolatus | Fer-de-lance, Martinican pit viper, Martinique lancehead | Endemic. Widespread, though uncommon and confined to wetter regions. | |
Notes
- ^ Conservation status, where available, is from the IUCN Red List and is indicative of the status of the species as a whole, not just populations on Martinique.
- ^ Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.
- ^ "American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) - Species Profile".
- ^ Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999, which lists it as introduced to the Lesser Antilles only on the main islands of Guadeloupe.
- ^ Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique (or anywhere in the Lesser Antilles) in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.
- ^ Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.
- ^ Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.
- ^ Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 136. Malhotra & Thorpe 1999 instead records M. bistriata as the sole Mabuya species in the Lesser Antilles; many of its Caribbean populations have since been reassigned.
- ^ Hedges 2008; see Leptotyphlops breuili and Leptotyphlops carlae.
- ^ Powell & Henderson 2005, p. 73. Recorded as extinct in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.
References
Note: All species listed above are supported by Malhotra & Thorpe 1999, unless otherwise cited.
- Hedges, S. Blair (2008), "At the lower size limit in snakes: two new species of threadsnakes (Squamata: Leptotyphlopidae: Leptotyphlops) from the Lesser Antilles" (PDF), Zootaxa, 1841: 1–30, doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1841.1.1, retrieved March 5, 2010
- Malhotra, Anita; Thorpe, Roger S. (1999), Reptiles & Amphibians of the Eastern Caribbean, Macmillan Education Ltd., pp. 88–92, ISBN 0-333-69141-5.
- Lorvelec, Olivier; Pascal, Michel; Pavis, Claudie; Feldmann, Philippe (2007), "Amphibians and reptiles of the French West Indies: Inventory, threats and conservation", Applied Herpetology, 4 (2): 131–161, doi:10.1163/157075407780681356.
- Powell, Robert; Henderson, Robert W. (2005), "Conservation Status of Lesser Antillean Reptiles", Iguana, 12 (2): 63–77
This page was last edited on 4 December 2022, at 17:53