The Hero of the Soviet Union was the highest distinction of the Soviet Union. It was awarded 12,775 times. Due to the large size of the list, it has been broken up into multiple pages.
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He was one of the most influential figures of the 20th century, forever changing the course of one of the world's largest countries. But was he a hero who toppled an oppressive tyranny or a villain who replaced it with another? It's time to put Lenin on the stand in History vs. Lenin. "Order, order, hmm. Now, wasn't it your fault that the band broke up?" "Your honor, this is Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, AKA Lenin, the rabblerouser who helped overthrow the Russian tsar Nicholas II in 1917 and founded the Soviet Union, one of the worst dictatorships of the 20th century." "Ohh." "The tsar was a bloody tyrant under whom the masses toiled in slavery." "This is rubbish. Serfdom had already been abolished in 1861." "And replaced by something worse. The factory bosses treated the people far worse than their former feudal landlords. And unlike the landlords, they were always there. Russian workers toiled for eleven hours a day and were the lowest paid in all of Europe." "But Tsar Nicholas made laws to protect the workers." "He reluctantly did the bare minimum to avert revolution, and even there, he failed. Remember what happened in 1905 after his troops fired on peaceful petitioners?" "Yes, and the tsar ended the rebellion by introducing a constitution and an elected parliament, the Duma." "While retaining absolute power and dissolving them whenever he wanted." "Perhaps there would've been more reforms in due time if radicals, like Lenin, weren't always stirring up trouble." "Your Honor, Lenin had seen his older brother Aleksandr executed by the previous tsar for revolutionary activity, and even after the reforms, Nicholas continued the same mass repression and executions, as well as the unpopular involvement in World War I, that cost Russia so many lives and resources." "Hm, this tsar doesn't sound like such a capital fellow." "Your Honor, maybe Nicholas II did doom himself with bad decisions, but Lenin deserves no credit for this. When the February 1917 uprisings finally forced the tsar to abdicate, Lenin was still exiled in Switzerland." "Hm, so who came to power?" "The Duma formed a provisional government, led by Alexander Kerensky, an incompetent bourgeois failure. He even launched another failed offensive in the war, where Russia had already lost so much, instead of ending it like the people wanted." "It was a constitutional social democratic government, the most progressive of its time. And it could have succeeded eventually if Lenin hadn't returned in April, sent by the Germans to undermine the Russian war effort and instigate riots." "Such slander! The July Days were a spontaneous and justified reaction against the government's failures. And Kerensky showed his true colors when he blamed Lenin and arrested and outlawed his Bolshevik party, forcing him to flee into exile again. Some democracy! It's a good thing the government collapsed under their own incompetence and greed when they tried to stage a military coup then had to ask the Bolsheviks for help when it backfired. After that, all Lenin had to do was return in October and take charge. The government was peacefully overthrown overnight." "But what the Bolsheviks did after gaining power wasn't very peaceful. How many people did they execute without trial? And was it really necessary to murder the tsar's entire family, even the children?" "Russia was being attacked by foreign imperialists, trying to restore the tsar. Any royal heir that was rescued would be recognized as ruler by foreign governments. It would've been the end of everything the people had fought so hard to achieve. Besides, Lenin may not have given the order." "But it was not only imperialists that the Bolsheviks killed. What about the purges and executions of other socialist and anarchist parties, their old allies? What about the Tambov Rebellion, where peasants, resisting grain confiscation, were killed with poison gas? Or sending the army to crush the workers in Kronstadt, who were demanding democratic self-management? Was this still fighting for the people?" "Yes! The measures were difficult, but it was a difficult time. The new government needed to secure itself while being attacked from all sides, so that the socialist order could be established." "And what good came of this socialist order? Even after the civil war was won, there were famines, repression and millions executed or sent to die in camps, while Lenin's successor Stalin established a cult of personality and absolute power." "That wasn't the plan. Lenin never cared for personal gains, even his enemies admitted that he fully believed in his cause, living modestly and working tirelessly from his student days until his too early death. He saw how power-hungry Stalin was and tried to warn the party, but it was too late." "And the decades of totalitarianism that followed after?" "You could call it that, but it was Lenin's efforts that changed Russia in a few decades from a backward and undeveloped monarchy full of illiterate peasants to a modern, industrial superpower, with one of the world's best educated populations, unprecedented opportunities for women, and some of the most important scientific advancements of the century. Life may not have been luxurious, but nearly everyone had a roof over their head and food on their plate, which few countries have achieved." "But these advances could still have happened, even without Lenin and the repressive regime he established." "Yes, and I could've been a famous rock and roll singer. But how would I have sounded?" We can never be sure how things could've unfolded if different people were in power or different decisions were made, but to avoid the mistakes of the past, we must always be willing to put historical figures on trial.
List of Heroes of the Soviet Union (H)
Recipient | Conferred on | Conferred
posthumously |
Conferred for |
---|---|---|---|
Umar Habekov ru | 11 December 1990 | Yes | actions in the offensive towards the Danube Canal |
Zaki Habibullin ru | 27 February 1945 | No | actions in Poland during World War II |
Vildan Habiev ru | 30 October 1943 | No | actions in the Battle of the Dnieper |
Horen Hachatryan ru | 24 March 1945 | No | actions in the Battle of Sevastopol |
Gumir Hadimukhametov ru | 22 July 1944 | No | actions in the Vitebsk offensive |
Kutluahmet Haibullin ru | 15 January 1944 | Yes | actions in the Gomel offensive |
Amir Haidarov ru | 15 January 1944 | No | actions in the Gomel offensive |
Gainansha Haidarshin ru | 22 February 1944 | No | actions in the Battle of the Dnieper |
Habibulla Hairullin ru | 10 April 1945 | Yes | actions in Poland during World War II |
Halil Hairullin ru | 24 March 1945 | No | actions in Lithuania during World War II |
Akram Haitrutdinov ru | 20 April 1945 | Yes | participation in the Olshansky landing |
Mingas Haitrutdinov ru | 24 March 1945 | No | actions in Lithuania during World War II |
Alim Hakimov ru | 27 February 1945 | No | actions in the Vistula–Oder Offensive |
Mikhail Hakimov ru | 20 April 1945 | No | actions in the Battle of Odessa |
Nematjon Hakimov ru | 6 May 1965 | Yes | suicide-attacking a German tank with grenades |
Orazberdy Hakimov ru | 27 June 1945 | Yes | actions in Poland during World War II |
Ruben Hakobyan | 16 May 1944 | No | actions in the Battle for Crimea during World War II |
Gevorg Hakobyants | 3 June 1944 | No | actions in the Battle of the Dnieper |
Islam Halikov ru | 24 March 1945 | Yes | actions in combat near the Dniester estuary |
Timirbulat Halikov ru | 15 January 1944 | No | actions in the Battle of the Dnieper |
Misbakh Haliulin ru | 18 August 1945 | No | flying 88 sorties on the Il-2 |
Ismail Hamzaliev ru | 8 September 1943 | Yes | actions in the Battle of Kursk |
Muydin Hasanov ru | 17 November 1943 | No | actions in the Kerch-Eltigen operation |
Hakim Hasanov ru | 17 October 1943 | Yes | actions in the Battle of Kursk |
Safa Hasanov ru | 27 September 1943 | No | actions in the Battle of the Dnieper |
Gurgen Hayrapetyan | 7 April 1940 | No | attack against the Mannerheim Line |
Armen Hayriyan | 13 April 1944 | No | reportedly making 105 combat sorties |
Semyon Hazaryan ru | 1 November 1943 | No | actions in the Battle of the Dnieper |
Vaily Haziev ru | 22 July 1944 | No | actions in the Vitebsk offensive |
Nazip Hazipov ru | 27 June 1945 | Yes | actions in Poland during World War II |
Mirosław Hermaszewski | 5 July 1978 | No | Cosmonaut |
Juliusz Hibner | 11 November 1943 | No | Polish military leader |
Ernafas Hojayev ru | 24 March 1945 | Yes | actions in Poland during World War II |
Erich Honecker | 25 August 1982 | No | Leader of East Germany |
Jumaniyaz Hudaybergenov ru | 10 January 1944 | Yes | actions in the Battle of the Dnieper |
Gustáv Husák | 9 January 1973 | No | Leader of Czechoslovakia |
Ahmediar Husainov ru | 1 November 1943 | No | actions in the Melitopol offensive |
Ziyamat Husanov ru | 22 February 1944 | No (mistakenly
thought to be posthumous) |
Mistakenly believed to have been KIA. Title revoked in 1952 and restored in 1968. |
Habibullah Huseynov | 29 June 1945 | Yes | actions during the Samland Offensive |
Mehdi Huseynzade | 11 April 1957 | Yes | Parisan during World War II |
Sapar Hushnazarov ru | 15 January 1944 | Yes | actions in the Battle of the Dnieper |
Zyakyary Husyainov ru | 24 March 1945 | Yes | actions in Hungary during World War II |
Hryhoriy Kuropyatnykov uk | July 24 1943 | No | Black Sea campaigns (1941–1944) |
References
Shkadov, Ivan (1987). Герои Советского Союза: краткий биографический словарь I, Абаев - Любичев (in Russian). Moscow: Voenizdat.
Shkadov, Ivan (1988). Герои Советского Союза: краткий биографический словарь II, Любовь - Яшчук (in Russian). Moscow: Voenizdat. ISBN 5203005362. OCLC 312615596.
"Проект "Герои Страны"" [Heroes of the Country] (in Russian).
Russian Ministry of Defence Database «Подвиг Народа в Великой Отечественной войне 1941—1945 гг.» [Feat of the People in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945] (in Russian).
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