Lewiston–Queenston Bridge

Lewiston–Queenston Bridge
The bridge as seen from Niagara Gorge.
Coordinates	43°9′11″N 79°2′40.03″W / 43.15306°N 79.0444528°W / 43.15306; -79.0444528
Carries	5 reversible lanes of Highway 405 and I-190
Crosses	Niagara River
Locale	Queenston, Ontario and Lewiston, New York
Maintained by	Niagara Falls Bridge Commission
Characteristics
Design	Arch
Total length	1,594 feet (486 m)
Width	24 feet (7 m)
Longest span	1,000 feet (305 m)^[1]
Clearance below	370 feet (113 m)^[1]
History
Engineering design by	Hardesty & Hanover^[2]
Fabrication by	Bethlehem Steel^[2]
Construction cost	$16 million ^[3]
Opened	November 1, 1962; 61 years ago (1962-11-01)
Statistics
Daily traffic	10,406 AADT
Toll	Canada-bound only: $5.00 USD or $6.50 CAD per passenger vehicle^[4]

Lewiston–Queenston Border Crossing
Canada Border Inspection Station at the Lewiston–Queenston Bridge
Location
Country	United States; Canada
Location	US Port: 1 Lewiston-Queenston Bridge, Lewiston, New York 14092 Canadian Port: Hwy 405, Lewiston-Queenston Bridge, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario L0S 1J0
Details
Opened	1962
US Phone	(716) 282-1500
Canadian Phone	(905) 262-4010
Hours	Open 24 hours
Website http://www.cbp.gov/contact/ports/buffalo

Location

The Lewiston–Queenston Bridge, also known as the Queenston–Lewiston Bridge, is an arch bridge that crosses the Niagara River gorge just south of the Niagara Escarpment. The bridge was officially opened on November 1, 1962. It is an international bridge between the United States and Canada. It connects Interstate 190 in the town of Lewiston, New York to Highway 405 in the community of Queenston, Ontario. The Lewiston–Queenston Bridge is architecturally similar to the Rainbow Bridge at nearby Niagara Falls.

Customs plazas are located on both ends of the bridge, with tolls only being charged on entering Canada ($5.00 USD or $6.50 CAD per passenger automobile). The bridge accepts E-ZPass electronic toll collection and houses the second Canadian E-ZPass collection facility, after the nearby Peace Bridge. Also, two duty-free stores are located between the two plazas.

The bridge permits no pedestrians, but licensed taxi service is permitted.^[5] The Lewiston–Queenston Bridge lacks expedited border clearance facilities for NEXUS and FAST card holders traveling from the United States into Canada, but does have a NEXUS lane for travel into the United States.

Gantries have lights indicating the direction of traffic as the lanes are reversible. Speed limit is posted in kilometres and miles per hour (15 mph or 24 km/h limit) along the bridge. Canadian and United States flags fly at the midpoint on the south side of the bridge.

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Border crossing and toll

The crossing is the fourth-busiest on the Canada–United States border, with delays of up to two hours.^{[citation needed]} It is on the most direct route connecting the US Interstate system to Toronto and Detroit.^[6] Canada replaced its border inspection facilities in 2011. The United States announced plans in 2016 to spend US$50 million to upgrade the primary inspection facilities.^[7] Construction was completed in 2022. Both facilities are open 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. All commercial vehicles crossing between the US and Canada at the Niagara River must use this crossing.

The toll for use of the bridge is payable upon entering Canada only.

Canada-bound:
- 10 customs booths for cars/RVs
- 5 customs booths for trucks
- Dedicated Bus Processing Lane
- parking area for trucks for inspections
- helipad
- 6 toll booths
US-bound:
- 6 customs booths for cars/buses/RVs
- 3 customs booths for trucks
- parking area for trucks for inspections

Passenger vehicles pay a toll only when entering Canada from the US. The cost is $5.00 USD or $6.50 CAD, as of August 1, 2022, payable by cash or E-ZPass.

High mast lighting is used on the Canadian side, with regular light standards used for bridge and the US side.

Previous suspension bridges

The first Queenston-Lewiston Bridge was built in 1851 by engineer Edward Serrell and wrecked by wind in 1864 (or 1854^[8]). Some of the cables were still in place as late as 1895.^[9] The road deck span was about 841–849 ft (256–259 m). The suspension bridge design was unusual because the cables were attached to the cliff with only small towers. This made the road deck span shorter than the cable span of 1,040 feet (317 m).

A second bridge called the Queenston-Lewiston Bridge, a suspension bridge was later constructed. Located seven-tenths mile (1.1 km) north of the current bridge, this suspension bridge was originally built near the present location of the Rainbow Bridge, and was moved to Queenston in 1898 by R.S. Buck and engineer L.L. Buck, after the completion of the Rainbow Bridge's predecessor, the Upper Steel Arch Bridge. The suspension bridge was dismantled in 1963 after the current bridge was completed and opened.

Reminders of the earlier bridge are still visible in the area. First is two columns that lie within the Earl W. Brydges Artpark State Park. Second is the original plaque, now located midspan alongside the road, right at the border between the two countries. The plaque is flanked by a US and a Canadian flag.

The supports are part of Owen Morrell's Omega, a steel sculpture and observation platform added in 1981.^[10] Two columns remain on the Canadian side at the foot of York Street in a wooded area now known as York Park.

Plane crash

On December 1, 1961, while the bridge was under construction, an F-100 fighter (variously reported as belonging to the United States Air Force^[11] or Air National Guard^[12]) caught fire just after taking off from a base near Niagara Falls, New York. To protect people in the city, the pilot steered it into the Niagara River gorge before safely ejecting; but this aimed it near the construction site.^[11]^[12] It passed not far over the heads of workers near the site, missed a construction crane by about 100 feet (30 m), and crashed into the gorge side about 600 feet beyond the bridge before falling into the river.^[11]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lewiston–Queenston Bridge.

^ ^a ^b "Lewiston-Queenston Bridge". HighestBridges.com. 10 December 2009. Archived from the original on 21 May 2016. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
^ ^a ^b American Institute of Steel Construction, Prize Bridges 1962 (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-08-31, retrieved 2024-01-12
^ "Bridges Over Niagara Falls". Niagarafrontier.com. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
^ "Toll Cost & Vehicle Definitions". Retrieved 1 August 2022.
^ "Which Bridge Do I Take?". Niagara Bridge Commission. Retrieved July 5, 2019.
^ "Chapter 4: The Watery Boundary". United Divide: A Linear Portrait of the USA/Canada Border. The Center for Land Use Interpretation. Winter 2015.
^ Anderson, Dale; McCarthy, Robert (February 19, 2016). "U.S. side of Lewiston-Queenston Bridge to get $50 million upgrade". The Buffalo News. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
^ "Bridges over Niagara Falls". Thunder Alley. May 2, 2019. Retrieved July 5, 2019.
^ "1851 Lewiston-Queenston". Bridgemeister. Retrieved 2019-07-05.
^ "Work: Omega". Owen Morrel Studios. Retrieved 2019-07-05.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Pilot Guides Blazing Jet Into Gorge". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. 1961-12-02. p. 1.
^ ^a ^b "Jet Ablaze: Pilot Stays to Save City". Toronto Daily Star. 1961-12-02. p. 52.