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Lewis Garrard Clarke was an ex-slave who published his experiences in his work, Narrative of the Sufferings of Lewis Clarke.
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Lewis Clarke Collection
Transcription
(Voiceover) The Lewis Clarke Collection is
a part of the North Carolina State University
Libraries' Special Collections Research Center
archives. Lewis Clarke Associates was a major
landscape architecture firm in the Southeastern
United States.
(Lewis Clarke) It came as quite a shock to
me when I was approached to donate the collection
to the university. Uh. It kind of humbled
me a little bit because I had this big collection
of forty years, which I thought everybody
had. You know, its just normal work. Um…
and they said, “no, we want it” and uh…
and I was very humbled that they wanted it.
And I did everything I could to help them
because it covers basically almost eighteen
years of my life in that collection.
The importance of this collection is its statement
that… about modernistic landscape architecture.
It’s a term that is a little bit alien to
me because while we were actually practicing
we called ourselves contemporary. We thought
we were doing contemporary work. Bang, up-to-date!
The same with architecture. The modernistic
architecture…. Matsumoto, particularly Jim
Fitzgibbon, Cecil Elliot, um they broke new
fields because a house in the South preferably
had to have four white columns on it. And
we shattered that illusion very strongly in
modernistic. And it was there that the new
modernistic landscape architecture was laid
down and our studio was the leader in it.
There was no one else doing that work.
(Voiceover) One of the Associates’ major
projects was the landscape master plan and
ecological engineering work for Palmetto Dunes
in South Carolina.
(Lewis Clarke) Palmetto Dunes is I think very
important and was ahead of its time simply
because it’s a project done a very delicate
ecological environment that could not be done
today. And one that worried me a great deal
to develop the tidewaters and the coastal
area in the South. The ecology is so complicated.
(Voiceover) Palmetto Dunes is only one of
over 1,300 projects documented in the Lewis
Clarke Collection. Also included are Clarke’s
faculty papers and materials related to the
history of the NCSU College of Design between
1952 and 1968. The Collection is currently
the third largest ever acquired by the NCSU
Libraries’ Special Collections Research
Center.
(Lewis Clarke) We need some really keen history
written about the modernistic field of landscape
architecture and architecture in the South.
And certainly, credit should be given to the
D. H. Hill Libraries for the work that they
are doing now. Hopefully my collection will
be just a small contribution to this great
effort that the libraries are doing and they
will continue to get collections from other
people to build up real knowledge and I hope,
it is my hope that the library can foster
publication of this.
Life
Lewis Clarke was born in Madison County, Kentucky, seven miles from Richmond, in 1812. Depending on the source, Clarke's birth year is listed as 1812 or 1815. He is best known for his slave narrative, Narrative of the Sufferings of Lewis Clarke, During a Captivity of More Than Twenty-Five Years, Among the Algerines of Kentucky, One of the So Called Christian States of North America, dictated by himself.
In the beginning of his narrative, Clarke expounds upon his slave and plantation-owning grandfather, Samuel Campbell. Campbell raped a female slave named Mary who, according to Clarke, was half white. They had one daughter, Letitia Campbell before Campbell married. Clarke's father, Daniel Clarke, was a Scottishweaver who came to America for the American Revolution. He had married once before but his wife died and left him two sons. He fought as a Minuteman at the Battle of Bunker Hill and remained active until the end of the war effort. Campbell promised Clarke's father that Letitia would be free in his will, and with this promise, Clarke's father married her around 1800.[1]
Clarke's father died when Clarke was either 10 or 12 years old after receiving a devastating wound leaving him disabled, possibly paralyzed. Even when promised freedom, Letitia did not receive it and stayed enslaved as Clarke claims Campbell's heirs destroyed the will. During this time, Clarke fell into the hands of his grandfather's children, being the property of William and Betsy Benson, who treated him brutally. After Clarke learned he would be sold in New Orleans, Clarke fled to Ohio and across Lake Erie into Canada in 1841.[2] On arriving in Canada:
When I stepped ashore here, I said, sure enough I am free. Good heaven! what a sensation, when it first visits the bosom of a full grown man — one, born to bondage — one, who had been taught from early infancy, that this was his inevitable lot for life.
He published Narrative of the Sufferings of Lewis Clarke in 1845, and in 1846 an extended edition which included the experiences of his brother Milton. He also traveled about giving lectures on his experiences as a slave. It was during one of these trips that he met Harriet Beecher Stowe, who was so impressed by Clarke and his story that she would base the character George Harris in her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin on Clarke.[3]
While Clarke was not traveling, he lived in Warren County, Pennsylvania, before moving over the New York border to the town of Busti, New York. On 12 June 1849 he was married by Rev. L. P. Judson to Catherine Storum, but she died in April 1850. In the 1850 U.S. census he is listed living on the farm of William Storum, father of his recently deceased wife and also father-in-law of African-American abolitionist Jermain Wesley Loguen.[4] After the end of the Civil War, Clarke returned South and died on December 16, 1897, in Lexington, Kentucky where he was a member of Historic St Paul AME Church. His body lay in state at the Kentucky State Capitol on order of Governor William Bradley, and he was subsequently buried in Westwood Cemetery in Oberlin, Ohio.
This page was last edited on 23 March 2024, at 18:47