Leroy Foster (musician)

Leroy Foster
Also known as	Baby Face Leroy, Baby Face
Born	(1923-02-01)February 1, 1923 Algoma, Mississippi, U.S.
Died	May 26, 1958(1958-05-26) (aged 35) Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Genres	Blues
Occupation(s)	Musician
Instrument(s)	Vocals, guitar, drums
Years active	1946–1958

"Baby Face" Leroy Foster (February 1, 1923 – May 26, 1958) was an American blues singer, drummer and guitarist, active in Chicago from the mid-1940s until the late 1950s.^[1] He was a significant figure in the development of the postwar electric Chicago blues sound, particularly as a member of the Muddy Waters band during its formative years.^[2]

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Early life

Foster was born in Algoma, Mississippi.^[1] He moved to Chicago in the mid-1940s, and by 1946 was working with the pianist Sunnyland Slim and the harmonica player John Lee "Sonny Boy" Williamson.^[3] He was introduced to the singer and guitarist Muddy Waters by an acquaintance Waters met at a recording session in 1946. Foster was soon playing guitar and drums in Waters's band, along with the guitar and harmonica player Jimmy Rogers.^[4] Calling themselves the Headhunters, the trio was known for going from club to club and “cutting” (i.e., engaging in musical duels with) other bands.^[2] The band was later joined by Little Walter on harmonica.^[5]

First recordings

Foster's first recordings were made, as a sideman, with the pianist Lee Brown in 1945 for J. Mayo Williams's Chicago label. In 1946, he took part in another session with Brown; the same year he also recorded for Columbia backing James "Beale Street" Clark and Muddy Waters, although only the sides by Clark were issued at the time. He accompanied Sunnyland Slim on a 1947 or 1948 session for the Opera label.^[3] Further recordings followed, under his own name for Aristocrat Records and J.O.B. Records^[1] and also backing Sunnyland Slim, Muddy Waters, Little Walter and the pianist Johnny Jones, before his most notable session, for the Parkway label in 1950.

The Parkway session

The Parkway session featured the personnel of Waters's band at that time: Foster, Waters, Little Walter and (on two tracks only, since he was late for the session) Jimmy Rogers.^[6] Four singles were released from the session, two by Foster and two by Little Walter. One of the singles, the two-part "Rollin' and Tumblin'",^[1] was notable enough to be reviewed (unusually for a down-home blues release) in the Chicago Defender by Edward Myers, who described it as having "the sound and beat of African chant".^[3] The track featured only Foster's drumming and singing, Walter's harmonica and Waters's slide guitar, with hummed ensemble vocals on one side. Unfortunately, Waters's guitar playing and backup singing were distinctive enough for the record to come to the attention of Leonard Chess of Chess Records, who had Waters under an exclusive recording contract. As a result, Waters was made to record his own version of the song for the larger Chess label to "kill" the Parkway recording.^[7]

Later career and death

After signing with Parkway, Foster left Waters's band,^[8] possibly in the hope of a solo career resulting from the Parkway releases, but the label soon folded. Foster recorded two further sessions for J.O.B. in 1951 and 1952; only the first of these resulted in the release of a single.^[9]

Foster died of a heart attack in Chicago, Illinois in 1958, at the age of 35; alcoholism may have been a factor leading to his early death.^[3]^[10] He was buried at Fern Oak Cemetery in Griffith, Indiana.^[11] In 2012 the Killer Blues Headstone Project, a nonprofit organization, placed a headstone on Foster's unmarked grave.^[12] As of 1973, there was only one known photograph of Foster.^[8]

Influences and performing style

Foster sang in a style influenced by Sonny Boy Williamson and Dr. Clayton.^[13] While he played guitar and drums competently, the talents for which he was popular have been described as "drinking, singing and clowning".^[8]

Discography

"Locked Out Boogie" / "Shady Grove Blues" (1948), Aristocrat 1234
"My Head Can't Rest Anymore" / "Take a Little Walk with Me" (1949), J.O.B. 100
"Boll Weevil" / "Red Headed Woman" (1950), Parkway 104
"Rollin' and Tumblin' part 1" / "Rollin' and Tumblin' part 2" (1950), Parkway 501
"Pet Rabbit" / "Louella" (1951) J.O.B. 1002^[9]

Citations

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Colin Larkin, ed. (1995). The Guinness Who's Who of Blues (Second ed.). Guinness Publishing. p. 133. ISBN 0-85112-673-1.
^ ^a ^b Dahl, Bill. "Leroy Foster: Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "The Legendary Parkway Label". Hubcap.clemson.edu. Retrieved July 30, 2009.
^ Gordon, pp. 82–83.
^ Robert Palmer (1981). Deep Blues. Penguin Books. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-14-006223-6.
^ Gordon, p. 99.
^ Rowe, p. 75.
^ ^a ^b ^c Rowe, p. 76.
^ ^a ^b Leadbitter, M.; Slaven, N. (1987). Blues Records 1943–1970: A Selective Discography. London: Record Information Services, pp. 417–418.
^ Doc Rock. "The 50s and Earlier". TheDeadRockStarsClub.com. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
^ Harris, S. (1981). Blues Who's Who. New York: Da Capo Press. p. 181.
^ King, Chris (September 20, 2012). "Volunteers to Mark Bluesman's Grave". St. Louis American.
^ Rowe, p. 74.

References

Gordon, R. (2002). Can't Be Satisfied: The Life and Times of Muddy Waters. London: Jonathan Cape.
Rowe, M. (1981). Chicago Blues: The City and the Music. New York: Da Capo Press.