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Jon Postel

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jon Postel
Born(1943-08-06)August 6, 1943
Altadena, California, U.S.
DiedOctober 16, 1998(1998-10-16) (aged 55)
Santa Monica, California, U.S.
EducationUniversity of California, Los Angeles (BS, MS, PhD)
Known forRequest for Comment
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Postel's Law
AwardsACM SIGCOMM Award (1997),[1] ITU Silver Medal (1998),[2] ISOC Jonathan B. Postel Service Award (1999, posthumous)[3]
Scientific career
FieldsComputer science
Doctoral advisorDave Farber

Jonathan Bruce Postel (/pəˈstɛl/; August 6, 1943 – October 16, 1998) was an American computer scientist who made many significant contributions to the development of the Internet, particularly with respect to standards. He is known principally for being the Editor of the Request for Comment (RFC) document series, for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), and for administering the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) until his death.

During his lifetime he was referred to as the "god of the Internet"[4][5] for his comprehensive influence; Postel himself noted that this "compliment" came with a barb, the suggestion that he should be replaced by a "professional," and responded with typical self-effacing matter-of-factness: "Of course, there isn’t any 'God of the Internet.' The Internet works because a lot of people cooperate to do things together."[6]

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Transcription

Jon Postel, who helped institutionalise the underpinnings of today's Internet standards, processes and functions. And we are pleased that Jon's nephew Ben Ceverny has joined us to accept the award on behalf of the Postel family. So please welcome Ben Ceverny. [APPLAUSE] Hello, thank you, this is incredibly humbling to be in this context here among so many of the people that not only are so instrumental to the construction of a system that, you know, I'm of generation now me and my peers are building Internet applications in Silicon Valley in the frothy Internet economy that exists there now and it's just amazing to imagine that this group here is upstream in history from all of that, including my cousin Jon who for a long time I think we really thought of him as Gandalf in the family, we had very little idea what he actually did, but he was radiating this kind of a quiet, willful integrity, which I think really was the foundation of much of what happened in his sort of shepherding of many of these processes, and I feel like there might be at least one anecdote to share which is... he was always really very kind of casual in his approach to the family, he sort of explained what was happening to the family and he would always give me these dot matrix printed gift certificates to come and play Colossal Cave when I was a kid, I would go down to ISI, log in to the computer and play adventure games, and one year he asked me if it felt any different to be playing the game, and I said "No", and he said well you're sitting here in Marina Del Rey with me, but you're playing the game at Stanford. To me that was a moment when I began to understand what this was all about, but from a kid's perspective. The second anecdote was sitting around a table I think at Christmas time, when Jon had to leave the room to take a phone call, and came back and said it was the telecommunications minister of the Ukraine, who was calling to say that he would like a top level domain because the Soviet Union was dissolving... [LAUGHTER] This was just kind of out of the blue for people who don't really understand what Jon is doing down at ISI all the time, to realise that he's in communication with these people, it's what the Internet was becoming was this heartbeat of international communications that really was beginning to help structure these types of transformations like the Soviet Union's dissolution, so there was a real powerful sense that that was underlying all that he was working on was a real awareness of what the effects of these tools were on people that was another real important... why he would be so interested in the RFCs, and why he'd be so interested in making sure that people understood what it was about, the idea of consensus and community building, which was now, you know I was part of the design team on Flickr, and Flickr is a community-based service for photos, but really what we had discovered, the whole idea of Web 2.0, is that it's the social fabric that underlies the tools, that really make the tools viable, and I think that Jon really was the shepherd of the community, we talk about community building online as a set of users now, but the community that Jon built was the actual community that created the Internet in the first place, which was a very powerful... the idea that one would be able to negotiate the roiling waters of the politics and the technologies and things like that, to cook down all of these initiatives into things that people could all consume and understand and share with each other is a profound thing, so I'm... it was not until later in life that I was able to understand what Jon really represented and it's such an amazing honour to have him in my family and it's an amazing honour to represent him here with all of you. Thank you very much.

Career

Postel attended Van Nuys High School,[7] and then UCLA where he earned his B.S. (1966) as well as his M.S. (1968) in Engineering. There he completed his Ph.D. in computer science in 1974, with Dave Farber as his thesis advisor.

Map of the Internet, created by Jon Postel in 1982

Postel started work at UCLA on 23 December 1969 as a Postgraduate Research Engineer (I) where he was involved in early work on the ARPANET. He was involved in the development of the Internet domain system and, at his instigation, Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn developed a second set of protocols for handling data between networks, which is now known as Internet protocol suite.[8] Together with Cerf and Steve Crocker, Postel worked on implementing most of the ARPANET protocols.[9] Cerf would later become one of the principal designers of the TCP/IP standard,[9] which works because of the sentence known as Postel's Law.[10]

Postel worked with ARPANET until 24 August 1973 when he left to join MITRE Corporation. He assisted with Network Information Center, which was being set up at SRI by Elizabeth Feinler. In March 1977, he joined the Information Sciences Institute at the University of Southern California as a research scientist.[11]

Postel was the RFC Editor from 1969 until his death, and wrote and edited many important RFCs, including RFC 791, RFC 792 and RFC 793, which define the basic protocols of the Internet protocol suite, and RFC 2223, Instructions to RFC Authors. Between 1982 and 1984 Postel co-authored the RFCs which became the foundation of today's DNS (RFC 819, RFC 881, RFC 882 and RFC 920) which were joined in 1995 by RFC 1591 which he also co-wrote. In total, he wrote or co-authored more than 20 RFCs.[12]

Postel served on the Internet Architecture Board and its predecessors for many years. He was the Director of the names and number assignment clearinghouse, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), from its inception. He was the first member of the Internet Society, and was on its Board of Trustees. He was the original and long-time .us Top-Level Domain administrator. He also managed the Los Nettos Network.

All of the above were part-time activities he assumed in conjunction with his primary position as Director of the Computer Networks Division, Division 7, of the Information Sciences Institute at the University of Southern California.[13]

DNS Root Authority test, U.S. response

Postel in 1994 with map of Internet top-level domains

On January 28, 1998, Postel, as a test, emailed eight of the twelve operators of Internet's regional root nameservers on his own authority and instructed them to reconfigure their servers,[14] changing the root zone server from then SAIC subsidiary Network Solutions' A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET (198.41.0.4) to IANA's DNSROOT.IANA.ORG (198.32.1.98). The operators complied with Postel's instructions, thus dividing control of Internet naming between the non-government operators with IANA and the 4 remaining U.S. Government roots at NASA, DoD, and BRL with NSI. Though usage of the Internet was not interrupted, Postel was threatened by US Presidential science advisor Ira Magaziner with the statement "You'll never work on the Internet again" and was ordered to end the test[15] which he did.[16] Within a week, the US NTIA issued A proposal to improve technical management of Internet names and addresses, including changes to authority over the Internet DNS root zone,[17] which ultimately, and controversially,[18] increased U.S. control.[19]

Death

On October 16, 1998, Postel died of complications from heart surgery in Los Angeles. He was recovering from a surgery to replace a leaking heart valve.[20]

Legacy

The significance of Jon Postel's contributions to building the Internet, both technical and personal, were such that a memorial recollection of his life and his work forms part of the core technical literature sequence of the Internet in the form of RFC2468 "I Remember IANA", written by Vint Cerf.

The Postel Center at Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, is named in his honor, as is the annual Postel Award. In 2012, Postel was inducted into the Internet Hall of Fame.[21] The Channel Islands' Domain Registry building was named after him in early 2016.[22][23]

Another tribute, "Working with Jon: Tribute delivered at UCLA, October 30, 1998" (RFC2441), was written by Danny Cohen.

Perhaps his most famous legacy is from RFC760, which includes a robustness principle often called Postel's law: "an implementation should be conservative in its sending behavior, and liberal in its receiving behavior" (reworded in RFC 1122 as "Be liberal in what you accept, and conservative in what you send").

The Jonathan B. Postel Service Award is an award named after Postel. The award has been presented most years since 1999 by the Internet Society to "honor a person who has made outstanding contributions in service to the data communications community." The first recipient of the award was Postel himself, posthumously.[24] The award was created by Vint Cerf as chairman of the Internet Society and announced in "I remember IANA" published as RFC 2468.[25]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Postel and Pouzin: 1997 SIGCOMM Award Winners". Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  2. ^ "Jon Postel awarded ITU silver medal at INET '98 for his central role in the success story of the Internet". July 22, 1998. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  3. ^ "A ten year tribute to Jon Postel: An Internet visionary". Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  4. ^ "Postel Disputes". The Economist. Vol. 343, no. 8453. February 8, 1997. God, at least in the West, is often represented as a man with a flowing beard and sandals... if the Net does have a god, he is probably Jon Postel, a man who matches that description to a T. Mr. Postel's claim to cyber-divinity, besides his appearance, is that he is the chairman and, in effect, the sole member of the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, the organization that coordinates almost all Internet addresses.
  5. ^ q:Jon Postel
  6. ^ Duhanic, Mario (February 8, 2018). "Thanks, Jon and John! About Gods and Knights".
  7. ^ Hafner, Katie; Lyon, Matthew (1996). Where Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet. Simon & Schuster. p. 137. ISBN 0-684-81201-0. Steve Crocker and Vint Cerf had been best friends since attending Van Nuys High School in L.A.'s San Fernando Valley.... While Cerf and Crocker were academic stars, Postel, who was twenty-five, had had a more checkered academic career. He had grown up in nearby Glendale and Sherman Oaks, and he too had attended Van Nuys High School, where his grades were mediocre.
  8. ^ Banks, Michael (2008). On the Way to the Web: The Secret History of the Internet and Its Founders. Berkeley, CA: Apress. pp. 76. ISBN 9781430208693.
  9. ^ a b Mueller, Milton L. (2009). Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. p. 75. ISBN 9780262263795.
  10. ^ Liska, Allan (2015). Building an Intelligence-Led Security Program. Waltham, MA: Syngress. p. 1. ISBN 9780128021453.
  11. ^ "USC Memorial Tribute for Jonathan B. Postel". University of Southern California. November 5, 1998. Archived from the original on May 21, 2011. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
  12. ^ "Datatracker profile for Jon Postel". IETF.
  13. ^ *"Jon Postel Biography". isi.edu. June 5, 1997. Archived from the original on December 6, 1998. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
  14. ^ Singer, P. W.; Friedman, Allan (December 4, 2013). Cybersecurity and Cyberwar: What Everyone Needs to Know. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199364572.
  15. ^
  16. ^ Bridis, Ted (AP) (February 5, 1998). "Internet reconfiguration turns out to be rogue test". The Daily News (Kentucky).
  17. ^ "A proposal to improve technical management of Internet names and addresses. Discussion Draft 1/30/98". NTIA.org. January 30, 1998. Archived from the original on February 7, 1998.
  18. ^ Froomkin, A. Michael (2000). "Wrong turn in cyberspace: Using ICANN to route around the APA and the Constitution". University of Miami School of Law. (cited 50 Duke L. J. 17 (2000))
  19. ^ Cukier, Kenneth (February 16, 1998). "Testing times for Net guardians". Communications Week International. Archived from the original on February 19, 1999.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  20. ^ Jon Postel, Internet Pioneer, Dies at 55 after Heart Surgery. Washington Post, 1998-10-18. Accessed 2016-09-09.
  21. ^ "2012 Inductees". Internet Hall of Fame. 2012. Archived from the original on December 13, 2012. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  22. ^ "Delegation Record for .GG". www.iana.org. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. March 8, 2016.
  23. ^ "Delegation Record for .JE". www.iana.org. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. March 8, 2016.
  24. ^ "Postel Service Award - Past awards". ISOC. Archived from the original on January 7, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2008.
  25. ^ Vint Cerf (October 1998). "I remember IANA". RFC 2468. Retrieved August 5, 2008.

External links

This page was last edited on 28 February 2024, at 22:05
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