John Huntar was a Scottish farmer who kept livestock in Holyrood Park for Mary, Queen of Scots.
Huntar was a burgess of the Canongate, a district of Edinburgh which then had a separate administration. He became keeper of Holyrood Park during the regency of Mary of Guise and was paid a fee of £20 Scots.[1] In 1559 and 1560 he built a house in the park, constructed a section of the park dyke, and employed masons and other labourers to repair boundaries, some of which had been destroyed by the villagers of Duddingston.[2]
In 1563 he provided mutton to the royal household and bought and drove 77 cattle to Holyrood Park. 80 sheep were bought, and a barrel of tar and tallow was bought (to treat their feet).[3]
In 1564 he provided meat to the royal household and 24 stones of wool worth £25 to the exchequer. Huntar became the leaseholder of Holyrood Park on 20 March 1565, and was contracted to repair the boundary dykes and drainage ditches around the meadows. The lands included the Abbot's meadow and a marshy area extending towards Restalrig.[4] In March 1567 Queen Mary upgraded his terms and he was to make improvements in Holyrood park, including planting broom to feed the sheep.[5]
His wife Margaret Aikman died in 1570.
A valley on Arthur's Seat is called Hunter's Bog. It is unclear if it is named after John Huntar.[6]
James V and the royal flock
Mary's father, James V of Scotland kept sheep in Ettrick Forest, at Crawford Muir, and Thornton. Ettrick wool was stored in a loft in Selkirk, and then transported to Edinburgh and Leith.[7] Robert Liddale was master of the flocks.[8] The chronicle writer Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie claimed that Andrew Bell kept a royal flock of 10,000 in the formerly lawless Ettrick Forest.[9] Wool from the royal steadings and farms was stored in the "foir loft" of the King's Wark at Leith in September 1537.[10]
The English ambassador Ralph Sadler tried to encourage James V to close the monasteries and take their revenue so that he would not have to keep sheep like a mean subject. James replied that he had no sheep, he could depend on his god-father the King of France, and it was against reason to close abbeys that "stand these many years, and God's service maintained and kept in the same, and I might have anything I require of them."[11] Sadler knew that James did farm sheep on his estates. After James' death 600 sheep were given to James Douglass of Drumlanrig.[12]
References
- ^ George Powell McNeill, Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, vol. 19 (Edinburgh, 1898), pp. 130, 379.
- ^ George Powell McNeill, Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, vol. 19 (Edinburgh, 1898), p. 133.
- ^ George Powell McNeill, Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, vol. 19 (Edinburgh, 1898), pp. 234, 250
- ^ David Laing, Works of John Knox, vol. 2 (Bannatyne Club, Edinburgh, pp. 461-2: NRS E30/11.
- ^ Register of the Privy Seal of Scotland, vol. 5:2 (Edinburgh, 1957), pp. 324-5 no. 3361.
- ^ Gazetteer for Scotland: Hunter's Bog
- ^ Peter Symms, 'Some aspects of the sheep farming activities of James V', Scottish Economic & Social History, 7:1 (May 1987), pp. 66–68.
- ^ Exchequer Rolls, 17 (Edinburgh, 1897), pp. lii–lv.
- ^ Aeneas Mackay, Historie and cronicles of Scotland, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1899), p. 353
- ^ Exchequer Rolls, 17 (Edinburgh, 1897), p. 741.
- ^ Arthur Clifford, Sadler State Papers, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1809), p. 30.
- ^ HMC 15th Report: Duke of Buccleuch (London, 1897), p. 17.
Further reading
- John G. Harrison, The Creation and Survival of Some Scots Royal Landscapes: Edinburgh Castle, Holyroodhouse, Linlithgow, Falkland & Stirling (Stirling, 2016), pp. 8–9.
This page was last edited on 12 April 2024, at 14:25