James Dyer

Sir James Dyer
Sir James Dyer, 1575. National Portrait Gallery, London.

Speaker of the House of Commons
In office 1553–1553
Monarch	Edward VI of England
Preceded by	Sir John Baker
Succeeded by	Sir John Pollard
Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
In office 1559–1582
Preceded by	Sir Anthony Browne
Succeeded by	Sir Edmund Anderson

Personal details
Born	1510
Died	24 March 1582
Spouse	Margaret à Barrow^[1]

Sir James Dyer (1510 – 24 March 1582) was a judge and Speaker of the House of Commons during the reign of Edward VI of England.

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Life

Dyer was knighted at Whitehall on 9 April 1553, Strand Inn, preparatory 1520s, Middle Temple abt. 1530, called to the bar 1537?, bencher 1540s, serjeant-at-law 17 Oct. 1552, MP for Wells, in Somerset, and knight of the shire for Cambridgeshire 1547 and 1553, Speaker of the House of Commons 1553, justice of the peace for Cambridgeshire 1547, judge of the court of common pleas 1557, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas from January 1559 until his death.

Dyer was the first law reporter, establishing the system of reporting law cases that has endured into the modern era. The concept of legal precedent began with reported cases. Prior to Dyer's Reports, from 1292 up until the 16th century, law cases had been recorded in "yearbooks" and were not intended to serve as precedent in future cases. The three volume work was originally written in Anglo-French and later translated into English by John Vaillant in 1794. It covers cases from the period 1513–1582.^[2]

His heir was his brother's grandson, Sir Richard Dyer.^[3]

Reputation

"A judge of profound knowledge and judgment in the laws of the land, and principally in the form of good pleading and true entries of judgments, and of great piety and sincerity, who in his heart abhorred all corruption and deceit; of a bountiful and generous disposition, a patron and preferrer of men learned in the law and expert clerks; of singular assiduity and observation, as appears by his book of reports, all written with his own hand, and of a fine, reverend and venerable countenance and personage." (Coke, 9.14v–15)

References

^ McGerr, Rosemarie Potz (1 January 2011). A Lancastrian Mirror for Princes: The Yale Law School New Statutes of England. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0253356413.
^ "Sir James Dyer English jurist". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
^ John Burke & John Bernard Burke, A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies (London, 1841), p. 179: Henry George Watson, A History of the Parish of Great Staughton (St Neots, 1916), p. 14.

Baker, J. H. "Dyer, Sir James (1510-1582)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/8349. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.). The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource: Rigg, James McMullen (1885–1900). "Dyer, James" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
Edward Foss, Lives of the Judges

External links

"Dyer, Sir James (DR512J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.

Political offices
Preceded by Sir John Baker	Speaker of the House of Commons 1553	Succeeded by Sir John Pollard
Legal offices
Preceded by Sir Anthony Browne	Chief Justice of the Common Pleas 1559–1582	Succeeded by Sir Edmund Anderson

Speakers of the House of Commons

House of Commons
of England

14th century	de Shareshull De la Mare Hungerford De la Mare Pickering Guildesborough Waldegrave Pickering Bussy Cheney Doreward Savage Redford Savage
15th century	Esturmy Tiptoft Chaucer Stourton Doreward Hungerford Chaucer Redman Beauchamp Flower Hunt Chaucer Baynard Flower Russell Walton Vernon Tyrell Alington I Tyrell Russell Hunt Bowes Tyrell Burley W. Tresham Burley W. Tresham Say Popham I W. Tresham Oldhall Thorpe Charlton Wenlock T. Tresham Green Strangeways Say Alington II Wood Catesby Lovell Mordaunt Fitzwilliam Empson Drury Englefield
16th century	Dudley Englefield Sheffield Nevill More Audley Wingfield Rich Hare Moyle Baker Dyer Pollard Broke Higham Cordell Gargrave T. Williams Onslow Wray Bell Popham II Puckering Snagge Coke Yelverton
17th century	Croke Phelips R. Crewe Richardson T. Crewe H. Finch J. Finch Glanville Lenthall Pelham Lenthall Rous (Barebones Parliament) Lenthall Widdrington (2nd Protectorate Parliament) Chute, Long & Bampfield (3rd Protectorate Parliament) Lenthall Grimston Turnour Charlton Seymour Sawyer Seymour Gregory W. Williams Trevor Powle Trevor Foley Littleton
18th century	Harley Smith

House of Commons
of Great Britain

18th century	Smith R. Onslow Bromley Hanmer Compton A. Onslow Cust Norton Cornwall Grenville Addington

House of Commons
of the United Kingdom

19th century	Addington Mitford Abbot Manners-Sutton Abercromby Shaw-Lefevre Denison Brand Peel Gully
20th century	Lowther Whitley FitzRoy Brown Morrison Hylton-Foster King Lloyd Thomas Weatherill Boothroyd Martin
21st century	Martin Bercow Hoyle

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This page was last edited on 5 November 2023, at 16:27

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