To install click the Add extension button. That's it.

The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time.

4,5
Kelly Slayton
Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea!
Alexander Grigorievskiy
I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like.
Live Statistics
English Articles
Improved in 24 Hours
Added in 24 Hours
Languages
Recent
Show all languages
What we do. Every page goes through several hundred of perfecting techniques; in live mode. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better.
.
Leo
Newton
Brights
Milds

Functional murmur

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Heart sounds of a healthy human female with a functional or "innocent" heart murmur after exercise.

A functional murmur (innocent murmur, physiologic murmur) is a heart murmur that is primarily due to physiologic conditions outside the heart, as opposed to structural defects in the heart itself.[1] Serious conditions can arise even in the absence of a primary heart defect, and it is possible for peripheral conditions to generate abnormalities in the heart. Therefore, caution should be applied to use of the terms "innocent" or "benign" in this context.[citation needed]Use of the term dates to the mid 19th century.[2]

YouTube Encyclopedic

  • 1/3
    Views:
    68 711
    28 675
    4 912
  • Innocent Heart Murmur - Children
  • 23. Innocent Systolic Ejection Murmur - Heart Sounds Collection
  • A Clinical Approach to Pediatric Heart Murmurs

Transcription

Benign pediatric heart murmur

Functional murmurs are an important consideration in the precordial examination of an infant or child.[citation needed]

Presentation

  • Soft, less than 3/6 in intensity (although note that even when structural heart disease is present, intensity does not predict severity.)
  • Often position-dependent. Murmurs heard while supine and may disappear when upright or sitting.[3]
  • Otherwise healthy individual, no concerns about growth, no symptoms of heart failure such as dyspnea on exertion. (In infants, ask if the baby cries during feeding, becomes diaphoretic, or develops a rapid respiratory rate. In older children, this can be elucidated by asking whether or not the child can keep up with peers during play.)
  • Occurs during systole or continuously during both systole and diastole. (Murmurs occurring only during diastole are usually pathologic, but can also be heard during hyperdynamic states.)
  • Physiologic splitting of S2 (A2 and P2 components should only be resolvable during inspiration and should merge during expiration.)
  • No palpable thrill (A thrill is a vibration caused by turbulent blood flow.)

Diagnosis

Types, and DDx

Benign Paediatric Heart Murmurs
Name Location DDx
Still's murmur[4] inferior aspect of LLSB (lower left sternal border), systolic ejection sound, vibratory/musical quality subaortic stenosis, small VSD
Pulmonary ejection superior aspect of LLSB, ejection sound Pulmonary stenosis, atrial septal defect
Venous hum Infraclavicular throughout the cardiac cycle (right side > left side), diminishes with jugular vein palpation or neck turning PDA
Supraclavicular arterial bruit (Systemic Flow Murmur) Above clavicles aortic stenosis, bicuspid aortic valve
Peripheral pulmonary stenosis (Pulmonary flow murmur) High-pitch with radiation to back and armpit PDA, pulmonary stenosis

In the adult, hyperdynamic circulation of the blood may also produce a functional murmur, such as in anemia or thyrotoxicosis.[citation needed]

Prognosis

Innocent murmurs are inconsequential[5] and usually disappear as the child grows. ECG and Chest XRAY are normal.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ "functional murmur" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  2. ^ LUISADA AA (May 1955). "The functional murmur: the laying to rest of a ghost". Dis Chest. 27 (5): 579–81. doi:10.1378/chest.27.5.579. PMID 14365576.[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ Thomas Biancaniello. Innocent Murmurs Circulation. 2005; 111: e20-e22.
  4. ^ Joffe HS (February 1992). "Genesis of Still's innocent systolic murmur". Br Heart J. 67 (2): 206. doi:10.1136/hrt.67.2.206-b. PMC 1024759. PMID 1540448.
  5. ^ "Innocent Heart Murmurs". Retrieved Jan 11, 2016.
6. Circulation 2005: Innocent Murmurs http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/111/3/e20

External links

This page was last edited on 22 April 2024, at 05:27
Basis of this page is in Wikipedia. Text is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License. Non-text media are available under their specified licenses. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. WIKI 2 is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wikimedia Foundation.