Henry Montagu Butler

Montagu Butler

Born	(1833-07-02)2 July 1833 Gayton, Northamptonshire, England
Died	14 January 1918(1918-01-14) (aged 84) Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England
Nationality	British
Education	Harrow School
Alma mater	Trinity College, Cambridge
Occupation(s)	Headmaster, academic
Spouse(s)	Georgina Elliot Agnata Frances Ramsay
Children	Edward Montagu Butler A. H. M. Butler Sir J. R. M. Butler Sir Nevile Butler
Parent	Very Rev. George Butler
Relatives	George Butler (brother) Josephine Butler (sister-in-law) Montagu C. Butler (cousin) Guy Butler (grandson)

Henry Montagu Butler (2 July 1833 – 14 January 1918) was an English academic and clergyman, who served as headmaster of Harrow School (1860–85), Dean of Gloucester (1885–86) and Master of Trinity College, Cambridge (1886–1918).

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Early life

Butler was the fourth son of George Butler, Headmaster of Harrow School and later Dean of Peterborough, and his wife Sarah Maria née Gray.

He was educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge, matriculating in 1851. At Cambridge he won the Browne Medal in 1853 and 1854, the Camden Medal, and the Porson Prize in 1854, and was President of the Cambridge Union for Michaelmas term 1855. He graduated B.A. as senior classic in 1855, M.A. 1858, D.D. 1865.^[1]

Made a Fellow of Trinity in 1855, Butler was a tutor there 1855–1859. He was ordained deacon and priest in 1859.^[1]

Career

As his father had, Butler served as headmaster of Harrow School (1860 to 1885). As headmaster, he influenced many young people, including Stanley Baldwin (Prime Minister), Lord Davidson (Archbishop of Canterbury), Galsworthy of the Forsyte Saga, 10 bishops including Bishop Gore, 17 judges, 4 viceroys, 12 governors, 12 ambassadors, 33 privy councillors, and 64 generals. He changed Harrow from a hide-bound and backward seventeenth century institution to a rebuilt and well-equipped contemporary school.

He was then appointed Dean of Gloucester in 1885 and was also Master of Trinity College, Cambridge from 1886 to 1918, and Vice Chancellor of the University, 1889–1890.

A talented and versatile Latinist, Butler achieved fame as one of the most adept British composers of Latin (and Greek) verse in the 19th and 20th centuries. He wrote one hymn, Lift up your hearts! We lift them, Lord, to thee in 1881. He died in Cambridge on 14 January 1918.^[2]

Caricature by Hay in Vanity Fair
"Trinity". Caricature by Spy published in Vanity Fair in 1903.

Trivia

Shane Leslie^[3] described him as "the Master of Trinity, a bland Olympian in a black skull-cap with a white Jovine beard and an untiring flow of the lengthy anecdotes that are told in Heaven after the nectar has gone round twice.”

Butler's desk was donated to Duke Hospital by Dr. William John Dann in March 1938. After it had been moved to storage, circumstances led the school to refinish it and hence to discover the plaque telling of its historical significance.

Henry Montagu Butler was the first cousin once removed to Montagu Christie Butler, with whom he may easily be confused if either is referred to simply as "Montagu Butler". He was also the brother of schoolmaster George Butler, whose wife was the social reformer Josephine Butler, and the great-uncle of Richard Austen 'Rab' Butler, who also became Master of Trinity.

A. C. Benson recounted how Butler fell asleep during a College meeting and awoke with the emphatic observation, "A strong case, tellingly put".^[4]

Family

Butler married twice. Firstly, on 19 December 1861, to Georgina Isabella Elliot (1839–1883), with issue:

Agnes Isabel Butler (1865–1949), married Edmund Whytehead Howson
Edward Montagu Butler (1866–1948), first-class cricketer and father of Olympic gold medallist Guy Montagu Butler
Edith Violet Butler (1869–1887)
Arthur Hugh Montagu Butler (1873–1943), House of Lords Librarian
Gertrude Maud Butler (1880–1933), married Bernard Morley-Fletcher^[5]

Secondly, in August 1888 at St George's, Hanover Square, aged 55, Butler married Agnata Frances Ramsay (1867–1931), a 21-year-old classicist who in 1887 attained the highest marks in the Classical Tripos at Cambridge. They had issue:

Sir James Ramsay Montagu Butler (1889–1975), politician
Gordon Kerr Montagu Butler (1891–1916), killed in action in the First World War
Sir Nevile Montagu Butler (1893–1973), diplomat

Notes

^ ^a ^b "Butler, Henry Montagu (BTLR850HM)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ GRO Register of Deaths: MAR 1918 3b 576 CAMBRIDGE – Henry M. Butler, aged 84
^ The Cantab, London: Chatto & Windus, 1926, p. 146
^ J.A.Gere and John Sparrow (ed.), Geoffrey Madan's Notebooks, Oxford University Press, 1981, at page 45
^ "Gertrude Maud (Queenie) Butler". The Cobbold Family History Trust. Retrieved 28 December 2019.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Henry Montagu Butler.

Bailey, Albert Edward (1950). The Gospel in Hymns. New York: Charles Scribner's sons. pp. 441–442.
"Papers of Sir James Ramsay Montagu Butler (1889–1975) historian".
"Hospital lobby, early". Archived from the original on 7 September 2006. Retrieved 17 February 2007.
The Master of Trinity at Trinity College, Cambridge
"Archival material relating to Henry Montagu Butler". UK National Archives.

Church of England titles
Preceded by Edward Bickersteth	Dean of Gloucester 1885–1886	Succeeded by Donald Spence Jones
Academic offices
Preceded by Charles Vaughan	Head Master of Harrow School 1860–1885	Succeeded by James Welldon
Preceded by William Hepworth Thompson	Master of Trinity College, Cambridge 1886–1918	Succeeded by J. J. Thomson
Preceded by Charles Edward Searle	Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge 1889–1890	Succeeded by John Peile

v t e Deans of Gloucester
Early modern	William Jennings John Man Thomas Cooper Lawrence Humphrey Anthony Rudd Griffith Lewis Thomas Moreton Richard Field William Laud Richard Senhouse Thomas Winniffe George Warburton Accepted Frewen William Brough Thomas Vyner Robert Frampton Thomas Marshall William Jane Knightly Chetwood John Waugh John Frankland Peter Allix Daniel Newcombe Josiah Tucker
Late modern	John Luxmoore John Plumptre Edward Rice Henry Law Edward Bickersteth Henry Montagu Butler Donald Spence Jones Henry Gee Harold Costley-White Seiriol Evans Gilbert Thurlow Kenneth Jennings Nicholas Bury Stephen Lake Andrew Zihni

v t e Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge
John Redman William Bill John Christopherson Robert Beaumont John Whitgift John Still Thomas Nevile John Richardson Leonard Mawe Samuel Brooke Thomas Comber Thomas Hill John Arrowsmith John Wilkins Henry Ferne John Pearson Isaac Barrow John North John Montagu Richard Bentley Robert Smith John Hinchliffe Thomas Postlethwaite William Lort Mansel Christopher Wordsworth William Whewell William Hepworth Thompson Henry Montagu Butler J. J. Thomson G. M. Trevelyan The Lord Adrian The Lord Butler of Saffron Walden Alan Hodgkin Andrew Huxley Michael Atiyah Amartya Sen The Lord Rees of Ludlow Gregory Winter Sally Davies

v t e Vice-Chancellors of the University of Cambridge
15th century	Thomas Ashwell Henry Stockton Nicholas de Swaffham Nicholas Gay William Millington John Roclyffe Thomas Stoyle William Uttyng William Smyth Edmund Conisborough Thomas Stoyle William Towne Thomas Tuppin John Riplingham John Camberton William Rawson William Stockdale John Dolman Henry Rudd John Smith John Smith Henry Babington
16th century	John Fisher Humphrey Fitzwilliam Geoffrey Knight John Smith Richard Burton John Eccleston William Robson William Buckenham Thomas Thompson John Fawne John Eccleston Robert Dowsing Edmund Natares John Watson Edmund Natares Thomas Stackhouse John Edmunds Thomas Green Henry Bullock Edmund Natares John Edmunds William Buckmaster John Watson Simon Haynes John Crayford Francis Mallet George Day William Buckmaster John Edmunds Francis Mallet Richard Standish John Edmunds Richard Standish John Edmunds Sir Thomas Smith John Madew Matthew Parker John Madew William Bill Matthew Parker Walter Haddon John Madew Andrew Perne Edward Hawford Edwin Sandys John Young William Glyn Cuthbert Scott Andrew Perne John Pory Robert Brassey Edmund Cosyn Andrew Perne Henry Harvey Philip Baker Francis Newton Edward Hawford Robert Beaumont John Stokes Robert Beaumont Roger Kelke Richard Longworth John Young John May John Whitgift Roger Kelke Thomas Byng John Whitgift Andrew Perne John Still Roger Goad Richard Howland Thomas Byng John Hatcher Andrew Perne William Fulke John Bell Richard Howland Robert Norgate Humphrey Tindall John Copcot Thomas Legge Thomas Nevile Thomas Preston Robert Some Thomas Legge John Still John Duport Roger Goad John Jegon Robert Some John Jegon
17th century	John Duport William Smith John Cowell Richard Clayton Samuel Harsnett Roger Goad Thomas Jegon John Duport Fogge Newton Barnabas Gooch (or Goche) Valentine Cary Clement Corbet Samuel Harsnett Owen Gwyn John Hills John Richardson William Branthwaite John Gostlin Robert Scott Samuel Ward Leonard Mawe Jerome Beale Thomas Paske John Mansell John Gostlin Henry Smyth Thomas Bainbridge Matthew Wren Henry Butts Thomas Comber Benjamin Lany Richard Love William Beale Henry Smyth Thomas Comber Ralph Brownrigg John Cosin Richard Holdsworth Ralph Brownrigg Thomas Hill John Arrowsmith Anthony Tuckney Thomas Horton Benjamin Whichcote Samuel Bolton Richard Minshull Lazarus Seaman John Lightfoot Theophilus Dillingham John Worthington John Bond William Dillingham Henry Ferne Henry Ferne Edward Rainbowe William Dillingham James Fleetwood Anthony Sparrow Francis Wilford John Howorth James Fleetwood Edmund Boldero James Duport John Breton Robert Mapletoft William Wells John Spencer Edmund Boldero Isaac Barrow Sir Thomas Page Thomas Holbech Francis Turner John Eachard Humphrey Gower Nathaniel Coga John Copleston Henry James Samuel Blyth William Saywell John Peachell John Balderston John Montagu John Covel James Johnson Charles Roderick Gabriel Quadring George Oxenden William Stanley Thomas Browne John Eachard Henry James Sir William Dawes Thomas Green Richard Bentley
18th century	Thomas Richardson Charles Ashton George Bramston Sir John Ellys Bardsey Fisher John Balderston Edward Lany John Covel Charles Roderick Nathaniel Lloyd Gabriel Quadring John Adams Thomas Green Thomas Sherlock Daniel Waterland William Grigg Sir Thomas Gooch Thomas Crosse Andrew Snape William Savage John Davies Joseph Craven Robert Lambert John Frankland Robert Lambert Matthias Mawson Charles Morgan Roger Long William Towers John Adams John Wilcox William Richardson John Whalley Edward Hubbard Sir Edward Simpson William Sedgwick Robert Smith William George Kenrick Prescot George Rooke Edmund Castle Francis Parris Thomas Chapman Edmund Keene John Wilcox Philip Yonge Hugh Thomas Edmund Law John Sumner John Green Lynford Caryl Sir James Burrough George Sandby Robert Plumptre Peter Godard William Elliston John Barnardiston William Samuel Powell John Smith Sir James Marriott John Hinchliffe William Richardson John Sumner James Brown William Cooke Lynford Caryl Hon. Barton Wallop Richard Farmer John Chevallier Hugh Thomas Robert Plumptre William Colman Lowther Yates John Barker Richard Beadon John Torkington Peter Peckard Joseph Turner Sir James Marriott William Elliston Richard Farmer Francis Barnes William Pearce William Craven Thomas Postlethwaite Isaac Milner William Colman Lowther Yates Philip Douglas Richard Fisher Belward Robert Cory Humphrey Sumner William Lort Mansel William Gretton
19th century	Joseph Proctor Humphrey Sumner Martin Davy John Torkington Joseph Turner William Pearce Francis Barnes Edward Pearson Isaac Milner Philip Douglas Thomas Browne John Davie Robert Cory William Chafy George Thackeray John Kaye James Wood William Webb George Neville William Frere Christopher Wordsworth William French Henry Godfrey John Lamb Thomas Le Blanc Joseph Proctor Christopher Wordsworth Martin Davy Gilbert Ainslie William Chafy George Thackeray John Graham William Webb Joshua King William French George Archdall Gilbert Ainslie Thomas Worsley William Hodgson Ralph Tatham John Graham George Archdall William Whewell William Hodgson Robert Phelps Ralph Tatham Henry Philpott Robert Phelps Henry Wilkinson Cookson James Cartmell George Corrie Richard Okes James Pulling Thomas Geldart Edwin Guest William Whewell Henry Philpott William Henry Bateson Latimer Neville George Phillips Edward Atkinson Henry Wilkinson Cookson James Cartmell William Hepworth Thompson Edward Atkinson John Power Henry Wilkinson Cookson Samuel Phear Edward Atkinson John Power Edward Perowne James Porter Norman Macleod Ferrers Charles Swainson Charles Taylor Charles Edward Searle Henry Montagu Butler John Peile Augustus Austen Leigh Charles Smith Alexander Hill William Chawner
20th century	Adolphus Ward Frederic Chase Edward Beck Ernest Stewart Roberts Arthur James Mason Robert Forsyth Scott Stuart Alexander Donaldson M. R. James Thomas Fitzpatrick Arthur Shipley Peter Giles Edmund Pearce Albert Seward George Weekes Thomas Fitzpatrick Allen Beville Ramsay Will Spens J. F. Cameron Godfrey Wilson Henry Roy Dean Ernest Alfred Benians John Archibald Venn Thomas Hele Henry Thirkill Charles E. Raven Sydney Castle Roberts Sir Lionel Whitby Henry Willink Brian Downs Edgar Adrian Herbert Butterfield Ivor Jennings John Boys Smith Arthur Armitage Eric Ashby Owen Chadwick William Alexander Deer Jack Linnett Rosemary Murray Alan Cottrell Peter Swinnerton-Dyer Harry Hinsley John Butterfield Richard Adrian, 2nd Baron Adrian Michael McCrum
Full-time	Sir David Williams Sir Alec Broers Dame Alison Richard Sir Leszek Borysiewicz Stephen Toope

Head Masters of Harrow

Head Masters

1608–1611 Anthony Rate
1611–1615 Thomas or Henry Bradley
1615–1621 William Launce
1621–1628 Robert Whittle
1628–1661 William Hide
1661–1668 Thomas Johnson
1668–1669 Thomas Martin
1669–1685 William Horne
1685–1691 William Bolton
1692–1730 Thomas Brian
1730–1746 James Cox (absconded)
1746–1760 Thomas Thackeray
1760–1771 Robert Carey Sumner
1771–1785 Benjamin Heath
1785–1805 Joseph Drury
1805–1829 George Butler
1829–1836 Dr Charles Longley
1836–1844 Christopher Wordsworth
1845–1859 Dr Charles John Vaughan
1860–1885 Henry Montagu Butler
1885–1898 James Welldon
1898–1910 Dr Joseph Wood
1910–1925 Lionel Ford
1926–1934 Dr Cyril Norwood
1934–1939 Paul Cairn Vellacott
1940–1942 Paul Boissier
1942–1953 Ralph Westwood Moore
1953–1971 Robert Leoline James
1971–1981 Michael Hoban
1981–1991 Ian David Stafford Beer
1991–1999 Nicholas Raymond Bomford
1999–2011 Barnaby Lenon
2011–2018 James Hawkins
2018–2019 Mel Mrowiec (interim)
2019– Alastair Land

This page was last edited on 8 March 2023, at 21:18

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