Perfect rhyme — also called full rhyme, exact rhyme,[1] or true rhyme — is a form of rhyme between two words or phrases, satisfying the following conditions:[2][3]
- The stressed vowel sound in both words must be identical, as well as any subsequent sounds. For example, the words "kit" and "bit" form a perfect rhyme.[4][5]
- The onset of the stressed syllable in the words must differ. For example, "pot" and "hot" are a perfect rhyme, while "leave" and "believe" are not.
Word pairs that satisfy the first condition but not the second (such as the aforementioned "leave" and "believe") are technically identities (also known as identical rhymes or identicals). Homophones, being words of different meaning but identical pronunciation, are an example of identical rhyme.[3]
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Perfect rhyme Meaning
Transcription
Rhyme is quite easily explained, because there are two types of rhyme. There are what we call a 'perfect rhyme', and there is what we call an 'imperfect rhyme'. The imperfect rhyme is divided into two types of rhyme, which we call a 'consonance rhyme'; and an 'assonance rhyme'. It's as simple as that. Here's the examples of them. A perfect rhyme is where the rhyme is perfect. Nothing complicated there. So a perfect rhyme is 'cat' rhymes with 'hat', 'cat' rhymes with 'bat', 'cat' rhymes with 'mat'. Those are perfect rhymes. No problems for anyone there. Now, an imperfect rhyme, often called a half-rhyme, but an imperfect-rhyme I think is the best way to describe it , because that's what it is - it's not perfect. An imperfect rhyme is where we hear an acoustic connection between two words, but it doesn't sound perfect. Remember, a rhyme is just that. An acoustic connection between words. The words sound the same. If the ending of the word sounds exactly the same, that's when we get a perfect rhyme. If the ending of the word sounds nearly the same, that's when we get an imperfect rhyme. So, the two types of imperfect rhyme are an 'assonance rhyme', which rhymes on the last vowel. So 'cat' rhymes with 'map'. I tried teaching this once, and someone said well, 'cat obviously doesn't rhyme with map'. Well, close your eyes and hear it. 'Cat', 'map'. The 'a' sound in it is the same. It's not perfect, I'm not saying it is. I'm saying that it is an assonance rhyme, which rhymes on the vowel sound. 'Cat' rhymes with 'map'. The other type of imperfect rhyme is what we call a 'consonance rhyme' which rhymes on the last stressed consonant. So 'cat' rhymes basically with anything that ends with a 't'. 'Cat' rhymes with 'bought', 'cat' rhymes with 'brought', because it ends with a 't'. That is not a perfect rhyme. 'Cat', 'brought'. You hear the acoustic similarities at the end of it. Now, if you get perfect rhymes it often makes a poem more solid. Amongst doing other things, it can make a poem more comic, actually. And it can sometimes stamp something shut. Make a point very definitely. Imperfect rhymes usually suggest that there is something slightly off in the poem itself, in what is being related. The way the poet writes the poem imitates what he's writing about, and if there is something slightly off in the rhymes that he is using, sometimes we think there is something slightly off in the poem. So we get loads of this, 'park', 'work', 'noises', 'nurses', 'men', 'afternoon', 'talkers', 'jitters', 'indoors', 'chairs',. These are all half-rhymes, and Larkin is an expert at using half-rhymes in both 'Toads Revisited' and 'Toads itself. But note the way the poem ends, with this perfect rhyme. When the lights come on at four At the end of another year? Give me your arm, old toad; Help me down Cemetery Road. 'Toad' and 'road' are perfect rhymes. And it's as if the Larkin persona of the poem has reached a definite conclusion by the of the poem. This 'my rebellion against the job that I've done, or my acknowledgement that I want to rebel against the job that I do, but I'm not strong enough to do so' is over. Now he just acknowledges that he's going to do that job until the end of his days. Give me your arm, old toad; Help me down Cemetery Road. Stops.
Imperfect rhyme
Half rhyme or imperfect rhyme, sometimes called near-rhyme, lazy rhyme, or slant rhyme, is a type of rhyme formed by words with similar but not identical sounds. In most instances, either the vowel segments are different while the consonants are identical, or vice versa. This type of rhyme is also called approximate rhyme, inexact rhyme, imperfect rhyme (in contrast to perfect rhyme), off rhyme, analyzed rhyme, suspended rhyme, or sprung rhyme.[6][7][8][9]
Use in popular music
Rock and punk
In the 1977 song "God Save the Queen" by the English punk rock band the Sex Pistols, the authors create a rhyme with the lines "God save the queen" and "the fascist regime".[10]
The 1979 song "Up the Junction" by English new wave band Squeeze makes extensive use of half-rhyme. The opening verse, for example:
I never thought it would happen
With me and a girl from Clapham
Out on the windy common
That night I ain't forgotten
Hip hop and rap
Half rhyme is often used, along with assonance, in rap music. This can be used to avoid rhyming clichés (e.g., rhyming "knowledge" with "college") or obvious rhymes and gives the writer greater freedom and flexibility in forming lines of verse. Additionally, some words have no perfect rhyme in English, necessitating the use of slant rhyme.[11] The use of half rhyme may also enable the construction of longer multisyllabic rhymes than otherwise possible.[12]
In the following lines from the song "N.Y. State of Mind" by rapper Nas, the author uses half rhyme in a complex cross rhyme pattern:
And be prosperous, though we live dangerous
Cops could just arrest me, blamin' us, we're held like hostages
Unconventional exceptions
Children's nursery rhyme This Little Piggy displays an unconventional case of slant rhyme. "Home" is rhymed with "none".
This little piggy stayed (at) home...this little piggy had none.
In The Hives's song "Dead Quote Olympics", singer Howlin' Pelle Almqvist rhymes "idea" with "library":[13][14]
This time you really got something, it's such a clever idea
But it doesn't mean it's good because you found it at the libra-ri-a
The Chuck Berry song "Let It Rock" (1960) rhymes "Alabama" with "hammer":
In the heat of the day down in Mobile, Alabama
Workin' on the railroad with a steel drivin' hamma
See also
Sources
- Smith, M., Joshi, A. (2020). Rhymes in the Flow: How Rappers Flip the Beat. United States: University of Michigan Press.
- The Princeton Handbook of Poetic Terms: Third Edition. (2016). United States: Princeton University Press.
- Lasser, M. (2019). City Songs and American Life, 1900-1950. United Kingdom: University of Rochester Press.
- Barnes, W. (1854). A Philological Grammar: Grounded Upon English, and Formed from a Comparison of More Than Sixty Languages. Being an Introduction to the Science of Grammar and a Help to Grammars of All Languages, Especially English, Latin and Greek. United Kingdom: J. R. Smith.
- Stoker, J. (2015). Slant Rhyme. United Kingdom: Xlibris US.
References
- ^ Glossary of Poetic Terms from BOB'S BYWAY, Letter E
- ^ Alexander Bain (1867). English Composition and Rhetoric. New York: D. Appleton and company. pp. 290.
- ^ a b Sheila Davis (1984). The Craft of Lyric Writing. Writer's Digest Books. p. 185. ISBN 9780898791495.
- ^ "Exact Rhyme - Examples and Definition of Exact Rhyme". Literary Devices. 2019-05-01. Retrieved 2021-03-24.
- ^ "Rhyme | poetic device". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-03-24.
- ^ Ian Ousby (23 February 1996). The Cambridge Paperback Guide to Literature in English. Cambridge University Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-521-43627-4. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ "Literary Terms and Definitions S". Web.cn.edu. Retrieved 2013-05-20.
- ^ Nutt, Joe (2011-10-03). A Guidebook to Paradise Lost. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137267931.
- ^ Ward, Jean Elizabeth (2010-10-11). "Gerald Manley Hopkins Sprung Rhyme Information". AXS TV. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "The Sex Pistols - Never Mind The Bollocks". YouTube.
- ^ "Exploring Modern Day Poetry (aka Hip-Hop)". Retrieved 31 Mar 2014.
- ^ "The poetry of hip hop: A playlist for your classroom". Britannica. 2018-04-10. Retrieved 2021-03-24.
- ^ "Hives".
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "The Hives - Dead Quote Olympics". YouTube.
This page was last edited on 10 February 2024, at 21:26