HMS Discovery (1774)

Resolution and Discovery by Samuel Adkin
History
Great Britain
Name	HMS Discovery
Builder	Langbourne, Whitby
Launched	1774 (as the collier Diligence)
Acquired	January 1776
Commissioned	February 1776
Fate	Broken up at Chatham Dockyard in October 1797
General characteristics
Class and type	8-gun discovery ship
Tons burthen	299 bm
Length	91 ft 6 in (27.89 m)
Beam	27 ft 6 in (8.38 m)
Draught	11 ft 5 in (3.48 m)
Propulsion	sails
Sail plan	brig, later full-rigged
Complement	70 as transport
Armament	8 guns:

HMS Discovery was the consort ship of James Cook's third expedition to the Pacific Ocean in 1776–1780. Like Cook's other ships, Discovery was a Whitby-built collier originally named Diligence when she was built in 1774. Purchased in 1775, the vessel was measured at 299 tons burthen.^[1] Originally a brig, Cook had her changed to a full-rigged ship. She was commanded by Charles Clerke, who had previously served on Cook's first two expeditions, and had a complement of 70. After Cook was killed in a skirmish following his attempted kidnapping of Hawaiian leader Kalaniʻōpuʻu, Clerke transferred to the expedition's flagship HMS Resolution and John Gore assumed command of Discovery. She returned to Britain under the command of Lieutenant James King, arriving back on 4 October 1780.

After returning to the Nore in 1780, Discovery was fitted out as a transport at Woolwich Dockyard, serving as such between December 1780 and May 1781. She then became a dockyard craft at Woolwich, and was broken up at Chatham Dockyard in October 1797.

The ship is the main namesake for the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Shuttle Orbiter Discovery.^[2]

See also

• European and American voyages of scientific exploration
• Age of Discovery

Citations

References

• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
• Rif Winfield, British Warships in the Age of Sail, 1714-1792 (Seaforth Publishing, 2007).
• Beaglehole, J.C.: The Life of Captain James Cook. ISBN 0-8047-0848-7.

External links

• Media related to HMS Discovery (1774) at Wikimedia Commons
• Ships of the World entry
• Digitised copies of the original logs of HMS Discovery, British Atmospheric Data Centre/The National Archives as part of the CORRAL project

This page was last edited on 9 August 2023, at 15:59